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1、基本语序基本语序（natural ordernatural order）：）：主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语（subject+predicate+object）I love English.谓语谓语+主语主语完全倒装完全倒装(full inversion)Here came the headmaster.助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+主语主语 +动词动词部分倒装部分倒装(partial inversion)Nerve will I forgive you.第1页/共18页一、完全倒装一、完全倒装1.There be1.There be结构。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替bebe动词的动词有:ex
2、ist,seem,:exist,seem,happen,appear,live,rise,standhappen,appear,live,rise,stand等。Therestoodadogbeforehim.Thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.例题:_abeautifulpalace_thefootofthehill.A.Therestand;atB.Therestands;underC.Standsthere;underD.Therestands;at第2页/共18页2 2，(1).(1).在以在以herehere、therethere、no
3、wnow、thenthen等副等副词开头的句子里。词开头的句子里。句式：副词句式：副词vivi名词主语名词主语 “Here,There,Now,Then+come(或be,go,lie,run)+主语结构。Herecomestheoldlady!Thencamethehourwehadbeenlookingforwardto.Nowcomesyourturn.如果主语是人称代词,主语和谓语语序不变，不用倒装。如:Hereyouare.Thereshecomes.第3页/共18页(2).(2).表示方向的副词表示方向的副词out,in,up,downout,in,up,down等等置于句首置于句
4、首,要用全部倒装。要用全部倒装。如果主语是人称如果主语是人称代词代词,就不用倒装。就不用倒装。如如:IncameMr.White.Upwentthearrowintotheair.Away went the boy.题：There_.Andhere_.A.goesthephone;shecomesB.isthephonegoing;isshe C.doesthephonego;doesshecomeD.thephonegoes;comeshe第4页/共18页注意：注意：在上述句子中，如果主语为人称代词，在上述句子中，如果主语为人称代词，则主、谓不需要倒装。则主、谓不需要倒装。Inhecamea
5、ndbackhewentagain.3.3.当表示地点的介词词组当表示地点的介词词组(如如on the wall,on the wall,under the tree,in front of the house,under the tree,in front of the house,in the middle of the roomin the middle of the room等等)在句首时。在句首时。句式：介词短语句式：介词短语vivi主语（必须是名词）主语（必须是名词）如：Atthefootofthehillliesabeautifullake.Eastofthelakelietwo
6、towns.Underthetreewaslyingawoundedsoldier.第5页/共18页4.4.分词分词(代词代词)+be+)+be+主语主语 结构。结构。Walkingattheheadofthelinewasourteacher.Suchwasthestoryhetoldme.题题：_,amanofachievements,deepthoughts,butwithsimplehabits.A.EinsteinwassuchB.SuchwasEinsteinC.EinsteinwassoD.SowasEinstein_arethedayswhenteacherswerelooke
7、ddownupon.A.Gone B.GoC.TogoD.Going第6页/共18页5 5，某些表语位于句首，保持句子平衡，以强，某些表语位于句首，保持句子平衡，以强调表语调表语.句式：表语系动词主语（必须是句式：表语系动词主语（必须是名词）名词）1)1)表语为介词短语表语为介词短语Among the goods are Christmas trees,flowers,candles and toys.2)2)表语为形容词表语为形容词Present at the meeting were Mr White and many other guests.第7页/共18页4)4)表语为进行时态中的现
8、在分词表语为进行时态中的现在分词 Lying on the floor was a boy.Standing beside the desk was a teacher.3)3)表语为过去分词表语为过去分词Seated on the ground are a group of young people.第8页/共18页二、部分倒装二、部分倒装 部分倒装是把部分倒装是把bebe动词、情态动词、助动动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词要在主语之前加助动词do/does/diddo/does/did等等,而把原来的谓语动词
9、变成原形放在主语之后。而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。第9页/共18页1.1.句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。这类词或短语主要有这类词或短语主要有never,neither,nor,little,seldom(很少，不常）很少，不常）,rarely（很少，罕有）（很少，罕有）,hardly,scarcely（几乎不，简直没有）（几乎不，简直没有）,no sooner（立即）（立即）,by no means（决不）（决不），not only,in no way（决不）（决不）,at no time,few,not,no not until等等,句式：句
10、式：“否定词否定词/词组助动词词组助动词/情态动词情态动词/be/be动词主语动词主语其他其他”。第10页/共18页1)Have you ever seen anything like that before?No,_ anything like that before.A.I never have seen B.never I have seenC.never have I seen D.I have seen2)She is not fond of cooking,_ I.A.so amB.nor amC.neitherD.nor do第11页/共18页2.Only+2.Only+状语（副
11、词状语（副词/介词短语介词短语/状语从句）状语从句），位于句首，位于句首 ,要部分倒装。要部分倒装。Only by this means is it possible to explain it.(介词短语)Only then did I realize the importance of math.(副词)Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.(从句)注意：注意：在在onlyonly状语从句主句结构中，主句倒装，状语从句主句结构中，主句倒装，但从句用正常语序。但从句用正常语序。on
12、lyonly修饰主语，不倒装。修饰主语，不倒装。第12页/共18页3.so3.so或或soso引导的短语放在句首引导的短语放在句首,前半部分倒装。前半部分倒装。Isawthefilm,sodidshe.So loudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.1)ThedoctortoldCharlietobreathedeeplyand_.A.sodidCharlieB.CharliedidsoC.CharliedoessoD.didCharlieso2)Soloudly_that_hearherclearly.A.didshesp
13、eak;couldeveryoneB.didshespeak;everyonecouldC.shespoke;couldeveryoneD.shespoke;everyonecould第13页/共18页4.Not only+4.Not only+分句分句,but also+,but also+分句分句 句句型中的前一分句要部分倒装。型中的前一分句要部分倒装。但not only.but also.连接主语时,不倒装。如:Not only the mother but also the children are sick.如：_himselfwrong,buthisfriendswerewrong
14、.A.NotwasonlyheB.NotonlyheC.NotonlywasheD.Notonlywas第14页/共18页5.5.句首是表频率的副词及短语（句首是表频率的副词及短语（often,well,often,well,many a time,now and again,once a many a time,now and again,once a week,now and then,every other dayweek,now and then,every other day 等等)开头的句子中开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构。要用部分倒装结构。如如:Many a time has J
15、ohn given me good advice.Many a time has John given me good advice.Often have we made that test.Often have we made that test.题：Manyatime_swimmingalone.A.theboywentB.wenttheboyC.didtheboygoD.didgotheboy第15页/共18页6,6,在某些表示祝愿的句型中在某些表示祝愿的句型中如：如：May you all be happy.May you all be happy.Long live China!Long live China!第16页/共18页Bye-bye!第17页/共18页谢谢您的观看！第18页/共18页