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1、英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语在后（主语谓语在后（主语+谓谓语）。把谓语动词放在主语之前（谓语语）。把谓语动词放在主语之前（谓语+主语）主语）,就叫就叫倒装结构倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前。如果全部谓语放在主语之前,叫叫全部倒装全部倒装;如果只把助动词或如果只把助动词或be be 动词放在主语之前就叫动词放在主语之前就叫部分部分倒装。倒装。基本语序基本语序（natural ordernatural order）：）：主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语（subject+predicate+subject+predicate+objectobject）I love
2、EnglishI love English.谓语谓语+主语主语完全倒装完全倒装(full(full inversion)inversion)Here came the headmaster.助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+主语主语 +动词动词部分倒装部分倒装(partial inversion)Nerve will I forgive you.一、完全倒装一、完全倒装1.There be1.There be结构。另外结构。另外,在此结构中可以用在此结构中可以用来代替来代替bebe动词的动词有动词的动词有:exist,seem,:exist,seem,happen,appear,live,ris
3、e,standhappen,appear,live,rise,stand等。等。Therestoodadogbeforehim.Thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.例题:_abeautifulpalace_thefootofthehill.A.Therestand;atB.Therestands;underC.Standsthere;underD.Therestands;at2 2，(1).(1).在以在以herehere、therethere、nownow、thenthen等副等副词开头的句子里。词开头的句子里。句式：副词句式：副词vivi名词
4、主语名词主语 “Here,There,Now,Then+come(或be,go,lie,run)+主语结构。Herecomestheoldlady!Thencamethehourwehadbeenlookingforwardto.Nowcomesyourturn.如果主语是人称代词如果主语是人称代词,主语和谓语语序不变主语和谓语语序不变，不用倒装，不用倒装。如:Hereyouare.Thereshecomes.(2).(2).表示方向的副词表示方向的副词out,in,up,downout,in,up,down等等置于句首置于句首,要用全部倒装。要用全部倒装。如果主语是人称如果主语是人称代词代词
5、,就不用倒装。就不用倒装。如如:IncameMr.White.Upwentthearrowintotheair.Away went the boy.题题：There_.Andhere_.A.goesthephone;shecomesB.isthephonegoing;isshe C.doesthephonego;doesshecomeD.thephonegoes;comeshe注意：注意：在上述句子中，如果主语为人称代词，在上述句子中，如果主语为人称代词，则主、谓不需要倒装。则主、谓不需要倒装。Inhecameandbackhewentagain.3.3.当表示地点的介词词组当表示地点的介词词
6、组(如如on the wall,on the wall,under the tree,in front of the house,under the tree,in front of the house,in the middle of the roomin the middle of the room等等)在句首时。在句首时。句式：介词短语句式：介词短语vivi主语（必须是名词）主语（必须是名词）如：Atthefootofthehillliesabeautifullake.Eastofthelakelietwotowns.Underthetreewaslyingawoundedsoldier
7、.4.4.分词分词(代词代词)+be+)+be+主语主语 结构。结构。Walkingattheheadofthelinewasourteacher.Suchwasthestoryhetoldme.题题：_,amanofachievements,deepthoughts,butwithsimplehabits.A.EinsteinwassuchB.SuchwasEinsteinC.EinsteinwassoD.SowasEinstein_arethedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownupon.A.Gone B.GoC.TogoD.Going5 5，某些表语位于句首，保持
8、句子平衡，以强，某些表语位于句首，保持句子平衡，以强调表语调表语.句式：表语系动词主语（必须是句式：表语系动词主语（必须是名词）名词）1)1)表语为介词短语表语为介词短语Among the goods are Christmas trees,flowers,candles and toys.2)2)表语为形容词表语为形容词Present at the meeting were Mr White and many other guests.4)4)表语为进行时态中的现在分词表语为进行时态中的现在分词 Lying on the floor was a boy.Standing beside the
9、 desk was a teacher.3)3)表语为过去分词表语为过去分词Seated on the ground are a group of young people.二、部分倒装二、部分倒装 部分倒装是把部分倒装是把bebe动词、情态动词、助动动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词要在主语之前加助动词do/does/diddo/does/did等等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。1.1.句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。这类词或
10、短语主要有这类词或短语主要有never,neither,nor,little,seldom(很少，不常）很少，不常）,rarely（很少，罕有）（很少，罕有）,hardly,scarcely（几乎不，简直没有）（几乎不，简直没有）,no sooner（立即）（立即）,by no means（决不）（决不），not only,in no way（决不）（决不）,at no time,few,not,no not until等等,句式：句式：“否定词否定词/词组助动词词组助动词/情态动词情态动词/be/be动词主语动词主语其他其他”。1)Have you ever seen anything li
11、ke that before?No,_ anything like that before.A.I never have seen B.never I have seenC.never have I seen D.I have seen2)She is not fond of cooking,_ I.A.so amB.nor amC.neitherD.nor do2.Only+2.Only+状语（副词状语（副词/介词短语介词短语/状语从句）状语从句），位于句首，位于句首 ,要部分倒装。要部分倒装。Only by this means is it possible to explain it.(
12、介词短语介词短语)Only then did I realize the importance of math.(副词副词)Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.(从句从句)注意：注意：在在onlyonly状语从句主句结构中，主句倒装，状语从句主句结构中，主句倒装，但从句用正常语序。但从句用正常语序。onlyonly修饰主语，不倒装。修饰主语，不倒装。3.so3.so或或soso引导的短语放在句首引导的短语放在句首,前半部分倒装。前半部分倒装。I saw the film,so di
13、d she.So So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.1)ThedoctortoldCharlietobreathedeeplyand_.A.sodidCharlieB.CharliedidsoC.CharliedoessoD.didCharlieso2)Soloudly_that_hearherclearly.A.didshespeak;couldeveryoneB.didshespeak;everyonecouldC.shespoke;couldeveryoneD.shespoke;
14、everyonecould4.Not only+4.Not only+分句分句,but also+,but also+分句分句 句句型中的前一分句要部分倒装。型中的前一分句要部分倒装。但但not only.but also.连接主语时连接主语时,不倒装。不倒装。如如:Not only the mother but also the children are sick.如：_himselfwrong,buthisfriendswerewrong.A.NotwasonlyheB.NotonlyheC.NotonlywasheD.Notonlywas5.5.句首是表频率的副词及短语（句首是表频率的副
15、词及短语（often,well,often,well,many a time,now and again,once a many a time,now and again,once a week,now and then,every other dayweek,now and then,every other day 等等)开头的句子中开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构。要用部分倒装结构。如如:Many a time has John given me good advice.Many a time has John given me good advice.Often have we made that test.Often have we made that test.题题：Manyatime_swimmingalone.A.theboywentB.wenttheboyC.didtheboygoD.didgotheboy6,6,在某些表示祝愿的句型中在某些表示祝愿的句型中如：如：May you all be happy.May you all be happy.Long live China!Long live China!Bye-bye!