《高中英语语法虚拟语气精选PPT.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高中英语语法虚拟语气精选PPT.ppt（64页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、关于高中英语语法虚拟语气现在学习的是第1页，共64页英语有三种不同的语气英语有三种不同的语气:陈述语气陈述语气,祈使语气祈使语气和和虚拟语气虚拟语气1.陈述语气陈述语气(TheindicativeMood)陈述事实陈述事实,提出看法提出看法形式有肯定，否定，疑问，感叹句。形式有肯定，否定，疑问，感叹句。Iamnotinterestedinwhatyousaid.HaveyoueverbeentoFrance?Whatasplendidpalace!现在学习的是第2页，共64页2.祈使祈使语语气气(The Imperative Mood)表表请请求，邀求，邀请请，命令，警告或，命令，警告或劝劝告
2、等告等.Lets have a talk.Dont jump in the queue.现在学习的是第3页，共64页虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。虚拟语气的概念虚拟语气的概念现在学习的是第4页，共64页 一、一、虚拟语气在条件句中虚拟语气在条件句中从句主句与现在事实相反与过去相反与将来相反If+主语主语+did（be动词用动词用were)主语主语+should,would,might,coulddoIf
3、+主语主语+haddone主语主语should,would,might,couldhavedone1、If+主语主语+did2、If+主语主语+wereto+do3、If+主语主语+should+do主语主语should,wouldmight,coulddo现在学习的是第5页，共64页eg:IfIhadtime,Iwouldattendthemeeting.Ifhehadhurried,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.IfIweretogoabroad,IwouldgotoAmerica.如果我是你，我就会如果我是你，我就会更更努力学习努力学习如果我知道他的电话号码如果我知
4、道他的电话号码的话的话，我就给他打电话了，我就给他打电话了如果明天下雨的话，我们会取消比赛如果明天下雨的话，我们会取消比赛IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharder.IfIhadknownhistelephonenumber,Iwouldhavecalledhim.Ifitshouldweretorain,wewouldcalloff/cancelthematch.Morepractice:现在学习的是第6页，共64页What would you do if you won the lottery?If I won the lottery,I wouldIf I had a lo
5、t of money now,I would travel around the world.现在学习的是第7页，共64页If I won the lottery,I would buy an expensive car.现在学习的是第8页，共64页If I had a lot of money,I would buy a villa.现在学习的是第9页，共64页a.If they _(be)here,they _(take)your advice.b.If the world-war _(burst)out again,what _(happen)to our people on earth
6、?werewould takeburstwould happenPRACTICE 1:Fill in the blanks.现在学习的是第10页，共64页c.If the policeman _(be not)in that room,it _(be)very dangerous.d.If I _(be)in your position,I _(ask)for the teachers help.were notcould bewerewould ask现在学习的是第11页，共64页If he _(drive)more carefully,he _(have)the car accident
7、yesterday.had driven would not have had 现在学习的是第12页，共64页If I _ (learn)how to swim,I _ (be)trapped in this island.had learnt would not have been 现在学习的是第13页，共64页a.If Tom _(be)more careful in the exam,he _(pass)it already.b.If you _ (get)up earlier,you _(catch)the first train.had beenwould have passedha
8、d got/gottenwould have caughtPRACTICE 2:Fill in the blanks.现在学习的是第14页，共64页c.If I _(meet)you yesterday,we _(go)to the concert together.had metwould have gone现在学习的是第15页，共64页If he got up early,he would be on time.现在学习的是第16页，共64页假如他来了,我们对他说什么呢？If he were to come,what should we say to him.假如他看见我,就会认识我。If
9、 he should see me,he would know me.现在学习的是第17页，共64页a.If there _(be)no natural resource any more,we _(make)use of nuclear power.b.What _(happen)if you _(get up)too late tomorrow?should beshould makewould happenshould get upPRACTICE 3:Fill in the blanks现在学习的是第18页，共64页c.If Robots _(control)the world som
10、e day,here _(be)no friendship.were to controlwould be现在学习的是第19页，共64页真实条件句时态关系 条件状从 主句 一般现在时 shall/will+V原If he comes,he will bring his violin.a.虚拟条件句 表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。b.真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的,采用陈述语气。现在学习的是第20页，共64页The volleyball match will be put off if it _.A.will rain B.rains C.rained D.is ra
11、ined答案B 真实条件句主句为将来时,从句用一般现在时。现在学习的是第21页，共64页ATTENTION：1)在真实条件句中在真实条件句中,主句不用主句不用be going to表表将来将来,而用而用shall/will.(wrong)If you leave now,you are never going to regret it.(correct)If you leave now,you will never regret it.现在学习的是第22页，共64页2)表示表示真理真理时时,主句主句谓语动词不用谓语动词不用shall(will)+V原原,而直接而直接用一般现在时。用一般现在时。
12、现在学习的是第23页，共64页使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点：使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点：1.当条件状从当条件状从的动作的动作和主句的和主句的动作动作所发生的时间不一致所发生的时间不一致时，时，叫做叫做：错综时间条件句错综时间条件句2.动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.如果如果你听我你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了的建议，你现在就会痊愈了如果你努力学
13、习的话，你现在就会是大学生了如果你努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生了现在学习的是第24页，共64页If the staff had been more careful,the mall would not be on fire now.现在学习的是第25页，共64页2.if从句中，省略从句中，省略if，将，将were，had，should提前，位于句首，提前，位于句首，形成倒装结构。形成倒装结构。not不能放在前面。不能放在前面。IfIwereatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.WereIatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.IfIhadn
14、otseenhimthen,Iwouldnthavebeenveryhappy.HadInotseenhimthen,Iwouldnthavebeenveryhappy.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.现在学习的是第26页，共64页3 3、含蓄虚拟语气、含蓄虚拟语气 有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中通过其它手段来有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中通过其它手段来代替条件句。代替条件句。常用常用介词介词withwith，withoutwithout，but fo
15、rbut for（要不是）；（要不是）；连词连词oror，butbut；副词副词otherwiseotherwise或或in that case(in that case(如果是那样如果是那样的话的话)。现在学习的是第27页，共64页1.I was ill that day.Otherwise,I would have taken part in the sports meeting,but I was busy then.=If I hadnt been ill that day,I would have taken part in the sports meeting.2.Without/
16、But for his help,we wouldnt have made such great progress.现在学习的是第28页，共64页Youdidntletmedrive.Ifwe_inturn,you_sotired.A.drove;didntgetB.drove;wouldntgetC.weredriving;wouldntgetD.haddriven;wouldnthavegot现在学习的是第29页，共64页_itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangPuBridge.A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.W
17、ill现在学习的是第30页，共64页Ifyou_withGeorgeearlier,you_soangrynow.A.talked;wouldnotbeB.hadtalked;wouldnotbeC.wouldtalk;wouldnotbeD.hadtalked;wouldnothavebeen现在学习的是第31页，共64页Ifwehadtakensucheffectivemeasuresmuchearlier,theriver_soseriouslynow.A.isnotpollutedB.wouldnotbepollutedC.hadnotbeenpollutedD.wouldnothav
18、ebeenpolluted现在学习的是第32页，共64页Withoutelectricity,humanbeinglife_quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe现在学习的是第33页，共64页Butforhishelp,I_.A.shouldnothavesucceededB.havenotsucceededC.didnotsucceedD.hadnotsucceeded现在学习的是第34页，共64页Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe_agoal.A
19、.hadscoredB.scoredC.wouldscoreD.wouldhavescored现在学习的是第35页，共64页Whydidntyoubuyit?I_butIdidnthavethemoney.A.wouldB.wouldhaveC.hadhadD.hadbought现在学习的是第36页，共64页二、虚拟语气在名词从句中的运用二、虚拟语气在名词从句中的运用（1）用于宾语从句）用于宾语从句、wish后面的宾语从句中。后面的宾语从句中。一般用虚拟语气，表示一种一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望不可能实现的愿望。其谓语动其谓语动词形式为：词形式为：表现在表现在did/were表过去
20、表过去haddone表将来表将来would,might,coulddoIwish(that)Iwereabird.Iwish(that)Ihadseenthefilmlastnight.Iwish(that)Iwouldcould/mightgo.现在学习的是第37页，共64页Iwish(that)he_(visit)ustomorrow.Iwish(that)he_(visit)ustoday.Iwishhe_(visit)usyesterday.would/could/might visitvisitedhad visited现在学习的是第38页，共64页2.2.用于表示命令、建议、要求等
21、一类词后面的宾语从句。用于表示命令、建议、要求等一类词后面的宾语从句。insist,(一坚持一坚持)order,command,(二命令二命令)suggest,advise,propose,(三建议三建议)require,request,demand,desire(四要求四要求).Wesuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Theyinsistedthattheboy(should)gowiththem.注意：注意：suggest当表示当表示“暗示、表明暗示、表明“时，时，insist表示表示”坚持认为坚持认为“时，用陈述语气。时，用陈述语气。Thesm
22、ileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourwork.Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney.他脸上的表情表明他对我们的工作很满意他脸上的表情表明他对我们的工作很满意那个人坚持说他没有偷钱那个人坚持说他没有偷钱现在学习的是第39页，共64页注意：注意：suggest:表明，暗示表明，暗示 陈陈述述语语气气 建建议议 虚虚拟语拟语气气Her pale face suggested that she _（be)ill and that she _(send)to hospital immediately.
23、Insist：坚坚持持说说，坚坚持持认为认为 陈陈述述语语气气 坚坚持主持主张张，坚坚持要求持要求 虚虚拟语拟语气气He insisted that he _(not steal)the money and insisted that he _(set)free.was(should)be senthadnt stolen(should)be set现在学习的是第40页，共64页Theofficergavetheorderthatnothing_untilthepeoplearrived.A.didnttouchB.touchedC.betouchedD.touch现在学习的是第41页，共64
24、页在在suggestion/proposal/order/plan/advice/idea/request等等名词后的表语和同位语从句中名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用要用“shoulddo”should可以省略可以省略（2）用于表语从句和同位语从句）用于表语从句和同位语从句Myideaisthatwe(should)thinkitoverbeforeacceptingit.Mysuggestionthatwe(should)haveameetinghasbeenacceptedbyothers.Weallagreetothatsuggestionthatthemeeting(should)be
25、putoff.现在学习的是第42页，共64页A.在句型在句型“Itisimportant(necessary,strange,natural)thatsb.should+do1.我们有必要出去散散步。我们有必要出去散散步。Itsnecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow.2她这样做是很自然的。她这样做是很自然的。Itsnaturalthatsheshoulddoso.3重要的是我们要照顾好病人。重要的是我们要照顾好病人。Itsimportantthatweshouldtakegoodcareofthepatient.（3）虚拟语气在）虚拟语气在在主语从句中在主语从句中现
26、在学习的是第43页，共64页B.在在Itisdemanded/suggested/ordered/required.thatsb.(should)doItisdemandedthatweshouldworkoutaplan.C.在在Itisapity/ashame/nowonderthat.Sb.(should)+doItsapitythatyou(should)missagoodchance.现在学习的是第44页，共64页Itisstrangethathedidntcomeyesterday.Itisapitythatshecantsing.Itisstrangethatthelazyboy
27、_passtheexam.A.hasB.shouldC.wouldD.might现在学习的是第45页，共64页1.Itis(high/about)timethatsbshoulddo/didsth.三、虚拟语气在其他从句中三、虚拟语气在其他从句中Itishightimethatyouwent/shouldgotoschool.2.Ifonly（要是该有多好啊（要是该有多好啊)IfonlyIknewtheanswer!IfonlyIhadseenthefilmyesterday!现在学习的是第46页，共64页Imgettingtired;itstimewe_home.A.goB.aregoing
28、C.wentD.shouldbegoing现在学习的是第47页，共64页3.wouldrather+从句从句现在现在/将来将来did过去过去haddoneIwouldratheryoutoldmethetruth.IwouldratheryouhadgonetherelastSunday.现在学习的是第48页，共64页asif/asthough（好像）（好像）+从句从句与现在相反与现在相反did/were与过去相反与过去相反haddone与将来相反与将来相反would/could/might+doHelooksasifhewereanartist.Hetalkedabouttheacciden
29、tasifhehadseenit.(区分区分evenif/though)现在学习的是第49页，共64页注意：若表示的确有某种可能注意：若表示的确有某种可能(尤指天气）尤指天气），也可不，也可不用虚拟语气。用虚拟语气。Eg.Look!Thecloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitsgoingtorain.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken现在学习的是第50页，共64页5.evenif(eventhough)即使即使E
30、venifhewerehere,hecouldnotsolvetheproblem.EvenifIhadbeenbusythen,Iwouldhavehelpedyou.现在学习的是第51页，共64页6.当in case,lest,for fear that等引导状 语从句时,从句用(should)+do。eg.Be quiet in case you should wake the baby.I shall ring you up lest you(should)forget to come.I took an umbrella along with me for fear that it
31、should/might rain.在此类情况中,in case引导状语从句也可不用虚拟语气,如:eg.Take your umbrella,in case it rains.现在学习的是第52页，共64页四四情态动词情态动词+havedonecouldhavedone本来可以本来可以-mighthavedone本来可能本来可能-should/oughttohavedone本来应该做本来应该做-shouldnt/oughtnottohavedone本不该做本不该做-你本不应该告诉她真相。你本不应该告诉她真相。Youshouldnthavetoldherthetruth.neednthavedo
32、ne本不必做本不必做-比较：比较：didntneedtodo没必要做也没有做没必要做也没有做-我没必要擦窗户。我兄弟做了我没必要擦窗户。我兄弟做了Ididntneedtocleanthewindows.Mybrotherdidit.wouldhavedone本来会去做本来会去做-我没有足够的钱否则我会买那本书的我没有足够的钱否则我会买那本书的Ididnthaveenoughmoney,otherwiseIwouldhaveboughtthatbook.现在学习的是第53页，共64页Choosethebestanswer:1.Itisstrangethatthelittleboy_speaktw
33、oforeignlanguages.A.couldb.canC.shouldD.would2.Hegaveordersthattheexperiment_before5:30pm.A.befinishedB.willfinishC.mustbefinished3.He_youmorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.A,mighthavegivenB.mightgiveC.mayhavegiven4.WithouttheleadershipoftheParty,there_noNewChina.A.wouldbeB.hasbeenC.shouldbeD.wasCAAA现
34、在学习的是第54页，共64页5.HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe_there.A.hadbeenB.hasbeenC.wasD.hasgone6.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe_nothingwrongand_free.A.did;setB.haddone;shouldbesetC.shoulddo;besetD.haddone;mustbeset7.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you_allrightnow.A.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen8.You_comeearlier
35、.Thebusleftamomentago.A.wouldB.shouldhaveC.mayD.haveBBcA现在学习的是第55页，共64页虚拟语气高考链接1.Alice,why didnt you come yesterday?I _,but I had an unexpected visitor.(NMET)A.had B.would C.was going to D.did析:此题A、D明显不合上下文，因为乙方没有去。B选项若为would have则成立，可以理解为I would have come if I hadnt had an unexpected visitor.的简略式。但
36、此处是would,故应排除。只有was going to可得体地表达“我原本打算去的，但是有不速之客造访”这一意思。现在学习的是第56页，共64页2.If there were no subjunctive,English_much easier.(NMET)A.will be B.would have been C.could have been D.would be析：观察题干，可知全句表达的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故答案为D。虚拟语气高考链接3.The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _ the rules.(NMET)A.obey
37、s B.obey C.will obey D.would obey析：根据insist后的宾语从句谓语要用(should)do形式规律，可定正确答案是B。现在学习的是第57页，共64页虚拟语气高考链接4.I wish I _ you yesterday.A.seen B.did see C.had seen D.were to see 析：此题表与过去事实相反的原望，答案应为C。5.Without electricity human life _ quite different today.(NMET)A.is B.will be C.would have been D.would be 析：
38、without引出一个含蓄条件句，主句表述的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为D。现在学习的是第58页，共64页6.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it look as if it _.(NMET)A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken析；放入水中的铅笔看上去是断的，但实际上并非如此，因此是与现在的事实相反，这时as if从句谓语要用一般过去时，故答案为C。虚拟语气高考链接现在学习的是第59页，共64页7._ it _ for your help,I couldnt h
39、ave made any progress.A.Had;not been B.Should;not be C.Did;not be D.Not;be析：根据主句谓语形式，可知从句要用had done形式，故应选A，Had it not been for your helpIf it had not been for your help.（要不是你帮忙的话）虚拟语气高考链接现在学习的是第60页，共64页虚拟语气1.Alan _ the party if he had gone to London.A.would have missed B.had missed C.would miss D.mi
40、ssed2.If I knew you were coming,I _ you at the airport.A.had met B.met C.would meet D.would have metExercisesAD现在学习的是第61页，共64页虚拟语气3.If only I _ to my parents!(But I didnt.)A.listened B.had listened C.should listen D.would listen4.Tom suggested that Ann _ the house.A.sell B.sold C.shall sell D.would
41、sell5.I wish this bus _ to the university.A.go B.went C.has gone D.had goneBAB现在学习的是第62页，共64页虚拟语气6.Simon looks as though he never _ a square meal(吃得饱),though his parents feed him very well.A.get B.getting C.got D.should get7.He is talking so much about America as if he _ there.A.had been B.were C.was D.been8.I _ you some money,but I hadnt got any then.A.would lend B.would have lent C.could lend D.may have lentCAB现在学习的是第63页，共64页感谢大家观看现在学习的是第64页，共64页