《高中英语语法虚拟语气.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高中英语语法虚拟语气.ppt（30页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、语气语气语气语气mood:mood:一种动词的形式一种动词的形式,表示说话人的看法和态度表示说话人的看法和态度(opinion and attitude).(opinion and attitude).英语动词有四种种语气英语动词有四种种语气:陈述语气陈述语气(indicative)(indicative)祈使语气祈使语气(imperative)(imperative)疑问语气（疑问语气（interrogativeinterrogative）虚拟语气虚拟语气(subjunctive)(subjunctive)The Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气用于表示主观愿望和假想虚拟的情况虚拟语
2、气用于表示主观愿望和假想虚拟的情况1.if 条件虚拟语气条件虚拟语气if 条件句分真实条件句和非真实条件句如条件句分真实条件句和非真实条件句如果假设的情况有可能发生，就是真实条件果假设的情况有可能发生，就是真实条件句；如果假设的情况发生的可能性不大，句；如果假设的情况发生的可能性不大，则是虚拟语气则是虚拟语气If he has time,he will come here.If I were you,I would consider taking the job.I 表示现在情况的虚拟语气表示现在情况的虚拟语气从句从句 主句主句 would did/were could 动词原形动词原形 sh
3、ould might1 If I knew how to speak Spanish,I could talk with them freely.(I cant speak it.)2 If he were here,everything should be all right.3 If I were a famous singer,I would sing for those people with AIDS.注：如果从句中的谓语动词是注：如果从句中的谓语动词是were动词时，可省动词时，可省略略if，把，把were动词提到主语的前面引起倒装动词提到主语的前面引起倒装1 I would ce
4、rtainly go if it stopped raining right now.(不可倒装不可倒装)2 If he were here with us,we would feel better.(可以倒装可以倒装)=Were he here with us,we would feel better.1 If my father _ here now,he _ tell me what to do.A were,would B were,will C is,would D is,will2 If I _ a bee,I _ work much harder.A were,would B w
5、ere,shall C had,will D have,should3 If I _ much money,I _ buy a house.A have,will B had,should C had,will D have,should4 He _ learn more quickly if he _ harder.A will,work B would,worked C would,work D will,workedAABB5 If I _ you,I _ do that.A was,wouldnt B were,wouldnt C am,wont D were,wont BII 表示将
6、来情况的虚拟语气表示将来情况的虚拟语气从句从句 主句主句did/were wouldshould+do could +动词原形动词原形 were to do should might1 If it didnt snow tomorrow,I would go with you.2 If I should go to Beijing University two years later,I might go to the USA for my masters and doctors degrees.3 If I were to become a millionaire in the future
7、,I would do what I can to help the children with AIDS.注：当从句的谓语动词是注：当从句的谓语动词是were,were to do,和和should do时，可省略时，可省略if，把，把were和和should提提到主语前构成倒装句所以上述三个例句中有到主语前构成倒装句所以上述三个例句中有两句可以变成倒装句两句可以变成倒装句1 If it didnt rain tomorrow,I would go with you.(不可以倒装不可以倒装)2 Should I go to Beijing University two years later
8、,I might go to the USA for my masters and doctors degrees.3 Were I to become a millionaire in the future,I would do what I can to help the children with AIDS.1 Its quite impossible that it will raintomorrow.But if it _,I would still go to thepark.A should rain B would rain C rains D had rained2 I do
9、nt think that I shall fail.But if I _,Iwould try again.A fail B would fail C failed D had failed 3 _ tomorrow,what should we do?A If it rains B.Should it rain C.Would it rain D.Were it rainingACBIII 表示过去情况的虚拟语气条件句表示过去情况的虚拟语气条件句从句从句 主句主句 would had done could+have done should might1 If I had left home
10、 earlier this morning,I couldnt have missed the plane.2 You wouldnt have caught a cold if you had put on more clothes yesterday.3 If we had made enough preparations,we might have succeeded.注：在这一类型的条件虚拟语气中，从句全都可以注：在这一类型的条件虚拟语气中，从句全都可以省略省略 if，把，把had提到主语前面构成倒装句提到主语前面构成倒装句1 If I had left home earlier th
11、is morning,I couldnt have missed the plane.=Had I left home,I couldnt have missed2 You wouldnt have caught a cold if you had put on more clothes yesterday.=Had you put on,you wouldnt have 3 If we had made enough preparations,we might have succeeded.=Had we made enough,we might have1 If you _ the doc
12、tors advice,you would have recognized already.A followed B would follow C follow D had followed2 If my lawyer _ here last Saturday,he _ me from going.A had been,would have prevented B had been,would preventC were,would prevent D were,would have prevented3 I _ if she _ me.A would have overslept,didnt
13、 call B would have overslept,hadnt called C overslept,hadnt called D would overslept,didnt callDAB4-If he _,he _that food.-Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A was warned,would not take B had been warned,would not have taken C would be warned,had not taken D would have been warned,had n
14、ot taken5 She _ to the party if she _ invited last night.A would have gone,had been B would go ,was C would have gone,was D has gone,isBAif条件虚拟的特殊用法条件虚拟的特殊用法-错综时间条件句错综时间条件句有时条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作发有时条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作发生的时间不一致，这时，主从句的动词形式要根生的时间不一致，这时，主从句的动词形式要根不同的时间来确定不同的时间来确定1 If I were you,I would have c
15、ome here last night.2 If I had known what happened,I wouldnt be here now.3 If you were in better health,we would have invited you as our guest speaker.2.N.clauses-Should 虚拟语气虚拟语气I suggest,order,command,demand,request,require,desire,insist,propose,ask 等动词后等动词后面的宾语从句中要求用面的宾语从句中要求用should+动词原形动词原形,shoul
16、d可省略可省略1 I propose that a dead line(should)be set for handing in the plans.2 They requested that we(should)send a delegation to their country.3 He insisted that the money be sent to the Red Cross.4 I suggested we set off right now.II It is desired/suggested/requested/ordered/required/demanded/decide
17、d that./It was proposed that.that 从句中要用从句中要用should+动词原形动词原形1 It is desired that we(should)get everything ready by tonight.2 It is suggested that the meeting be delayed till next Monday.3 It was proposed that Mr Smith give a performance at the party.III suggestion,proposal,order 等后面的表语从等后面的表语从句和同位语从句
18、中要用句和同位语从句中要用should+动词原形动词原形1 My suggestion is that we(should)send a few people to help the other groups.2 The order that all the students(should)go to the meeting room has been cancelled.IV It is necessary/important/impossible that 从句中要求用从句中要求用should+动词原形动词原形.Its necessary/important that every part
19、y member(should)take the lead and work well.3.常见的要求使用虚拟语气的常见的要求使用虚拟语气的 特殊动词特殊动词,词组词组,句型。句型。about time I Its +time +that+主语主语+should+V high time did 1 Its about time that you _ your store.A close B closed C have closed D had closed2 Its high time that he _ to think how to deal with the money.A would
20、begin B began C begin D will beginBB II wish的宾语从句中用的宾语从句中用did 表现在表现在 wish的宾语从句中用的宾语从句中用had done 表过去表过去 wish的宾语从句中用的宾语从句中用could/would/might+动词原形动词原形 表将来表将来1 -Do you have a type writer?-No,but I wish I _.A have B had C do D had had2 I wish I _ my time when I was young.A didnt waste B shouldnt have was
21、te C hadnt waste D wouldnt have wastedBC3 I wish we _ with my brother when he flies to England next week.A could go B had gone C will go D are goingIII would rather在虚拟语气中的用法在虚拟语气中的用法 did 表现在或将来表现在或将来would rather+that从句中从句中 had done 表过去表过去1 I would rather(that)they came tomorrow.2 I could go myself b
22、ut I would rather you did.3 I would rather you hadnt said that to her.AIV as if(though)引起的从句中可用虚拟语气引起的从句中可用虚拟语气,也可也可用陈述语气用陈述语气 did 表现在表现在 had done 表过去表过去could/would/might+动词原形动词原形 表将来表将来1 They look rather puzzled,as if/though they didnt know.表现在表现在 2 You look as if/though you had seen a ghost.表过去表过去
23、3 He is very happy as if/though he could win the game.表将来表将来 V 含蓄条件虚拟：虚拟的情况由上下文表现出来含蓄条件虚拟：虚拟的情况由上下文表现出来1 What if.?(如果该怎麽办如果该怎麽办)-He will surely come to help us.-What if he did not come?2 But for the storm,we should have arrivedearlier.3 I was ill that day.Otherwise,I would havecome to the ball.4 Wit
24、hout your help,we couldnt have finished it.5 He would have given you more help,but he was too busy.Exercises1 I advised that Sister _ at her desk all day.A mustnt B not read C doesnt read D neednt read2 The situation required that China _ its door to the outside world.A must open B should open C hav
25、e to open D has to open 3 I _ you a more valuable present for your birthday.I was short of money at that time.A must have brought B would have bought C had bought D would buyBBB4-Do you want him to lend you some money?-I wish he _.A had B did C would D should 5 _he come,the problem would be settled.
26、A Would B Should C.Shall D.If 6 It was required that each student _ enough food on the trip.A had better bring B would bring C brought D bring7 She didnt come yesterday,or you _him.A had seen B might have seen C were to see D would see CBDB8 _ you _last Wednesday,you might know it well.A Were,to com
27、e B.If,came C.Had,come D.Did,come9 I was ill that day,otherwise I _the sports meet.A would have taken part in B took part in C had taken part in D would take part in CA10 She couldnt have answered the question if she _ a few books on world history.A didnt read B wouldnt read C havent read D hadnt re
28、ad11 When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it _.A breaks B has broken C were broken D had been broken 12-Why didnt you help him?-I _,but I didnt have the money.A would B would have C am going to D had DCB13 I would rather she _ with her friends that alone.A travel on train B tra
29、veled by train C travels by train D travelling by the train14 I would have invited her to the party but I _ her well.A dont know B didnt know C hadnt known D havent known15 It was ordered that no smoking _ in the library.A was allowed B be allowed C would be allowed D had been allowedBBB16 Would you
30、 have stayed with her_?A had she asked B if she asked C if she should ask D should she ask17_ here,he would attend the lecture.A Had he been B If he were C Were he D Was he 18 Without electricity,what _?A will the world be likeB would the world be like C the world would be likeD the world will be likeAAC