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1、高考英语写作备考:应用文写作之回复邮件关于外卖点餐讲义题目假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim听说外卖点餐 (ordering meals online )在中国很流行,发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给 他回复邮件,内容包括:1.你是否经常外卖点餐;2.你对外卖点餐的看 法或感受。题目分析我觉得“外卖点餐”这个主题在高考中涉及的可能性不大,但是题目里 的三个重点是各位必须学会写作的:1、描述当前的普遍情况;2、介绍个人的实际情况;3、表达自己的观点意见。关于这三方面,我们通过三篇范文来呈现一些写作中必须掌握的短语 和句型。描述当前的普遍情况版本一 :As you know, a gro
2、wing number of young people would rather order food on the Internet or call a take-out restaurant for meals than cook at home.如你所知,越来越多的年轻人宁愿在网上订餐或 打电话给外卖餐厅叫送餐,也不愿意在家里做饭。这个句子里最重要的是句型“would rather do sth than do sth 宁愿做 某事,也不愿意做某事”,通过对于做某事和不做某事两方面动作的对 比来描述现状。在使用这个句型的时候,你要设计的就是两个内容相反的 动词短语,这里我们看到的是“or
3、der food on the Internet or call a take-out resta u rant for meals”和cook at home”的对比。前面的部分使用了 or并歹U , 删掉其中任何一个都不影响句意。“a growing number of people越来越多的人”是非常好用的写作短语,用于描述某种现象越来越普遍。版本二:Youre quite right. Ordering meals online is popular inChina, especially for people who are too busy or just too lazy to
4、cook.你说得很对。网上订餐在中国很普遍,特别是对那些太忙或太懒的人而言。如果是应用交流的文章,体现交际感是很重要的一环,所以无论是上 一句句首的短语as you know如你所知”,还是这一句开头的短句You are quite right.你说得很对,都是在体现交际的感觉。这句话描述普遍情况的写法是sth is popular, especially for people who do sth某件事很普遍,特别是对于做某事的人而言”。前半句话非常 直白,重点在于后半句话要设计一个动词短语,用于体现这类人的共性。 比如在线学习很普遍,特别是对那些不能去学校的学生而言,不能去学 校就是参与在
5、线学习的学生的共同特征。版本三:It is true that ordering meals online is becoming aninseparable part of Chinese daily life, which allows us to easily taste various food around by touching the screen and then just waiting for minutes.的确,网上订餐已经成为中国人日常生活中不可分割的一部分, 它让我们点击屏幕并且等待一段时间以后,就能轻松地品尝到周围的各种 食物。和前两个版本侧重句型或句式设计不同,
6、这句话在which allows us to do sth让我们能做某事”的基本句式基础上,大幅强化了动词短语的应用, 例如become an inseparable part of Chinese daily life、easily taste various food around、touch the screen、just wait for minutes”。这些动词短语 极大充实了句子的内容层面,从而体现了强大的写作内容调动能力。通过对以上三个版本的分析,各位应该会发现写作的设计无外乎两方 面:句式句型和动词短语。前者是形式层面,后者是内容层面。如果放到 武侠小说里,形式就是招数,内容
7、就是内力。习武之人必定从一招一式练 起,但是当内力积累到一定深厚程度时,招数架势之类的就都不重要了, 此所谓重剑无锋、大巧不工是也。介绍个人的实际情况这部分可能是最简单的。描述个人生活是肯定可以用到描述条件的从 句的,也就是说,你至少要学会从我会做某事,进化到当时,我会做 某事或者如果,我会做某事的档次,背后的逻辑就是不但要交代具体 动作,还要交代动作的原因。此外,其它的连词逻辑关系或句式都可以使 用,只要使用平实的语言描述真实情况,注意不要出现低级语法错误即可。版本一: As for me, I seldom order meals online. Instead, I like eatin
8、gwhat my mother cooks at home. If she is free, she will teach me how to cook.至于我,我很少在网上订餐。相反,我喜欢吃我母亲在家里做的东西。 如果她有空,她会教我做饭。as for me对我而言是很常用的引出个人情况的标志性短语。句中使 用“I seldom do sth .Instead, I like doing sth 我很少做某事,相反的是,我 喜欢做某事体现了前后相反的内容逻辑,其实就是在说明不点外卖的原 因。版本二: I often order food online when my parents are
9、 at work, or when my family wants to try something that tastes different.当父 母在工作时,或者当我们家想换换口味时,我经常在网上点餐。这句话里点餐的原因是通过when的时间状语从句体现的。如果一个 when略显单薄,可以通过并列连词。r再出现第二个when的情况。版本三: So its sure that I often use it to try some snacks near my school.所以可以肯定的是,我经常用它来品尝学校附近的一些小吃。第三个版本里的原因根本没有使用句子层面的内容呈现,选择的是表 示目
10、的的不定式短语use it to try some snacks用它来品尝小吃。看过了 三个句子,你要知道的是,表示原因有无数种方法,直接写个because出 来是最没技术含量的选择。写作要有想法,你的内容才能实现表达多样化。表达自己的观点意见你是否能够有层次、有逻辑、有理有据地表述自己的观点看法,这是 应用文写作的重点考查内容。因为本文的主题在考试里考查的可能性较低, 所以我们重点关注三个版本分别是如何体现自己的写作逻辑的。版本一 :In my view, our health is closely related to what we eat. The busier we are, the
11、 more attention we should pay to food. Therefore, I prefer cooking food at home and going on a balanced diet.在我看来,我们 的健康与我们吃的东西密切相关。我们越是忙碌,就越应该关注饮食。因 此,我更愿意在家里做饭,并保持均衡的饮食。最核心的内容逻辑就是therefore体现的因果关系,前面是原因,后面 是结果。这个版本里各位看到的是三个写作句式:1、“In my view在我看 来”的标志短语,用于直接陈述个人观点,等于In my opinion; 2、the +比 较级+ we ar
12、e, the +比较级+ we should do sth我们越就越应该做某事,用于提出建议;3、wsb prefer doing sth and doing sth某人倾向于 做某事及做某事”,用于直接表达个人态度。版本二:The best about it is that its convenient. One just needs to place an order and pay for it online. Then, steaming-hot food arrives at your doorstep within an hour. Moreover, there are many
13、 choices. We can order and taste diverse cuisines from various restaurants. It has also created millions of jobs and boosted the catering industry.最大的 优点就是它很方便。你只需要在网上下单并付款。然后热气腾腾的食物在 一个小时内就会送到你家门口。另外,外卖的选择很多。我们可以从不同 的餐馆订购和品尝不同的美食。它还创造了数以百万计的就业机会,促进 了餐饮业的发展。最常见的并列的写作逻辑,通过moreover和also并列三个要点。这种 写法需要结
14、合自己的写作能力、字数需求和考试时间,在一开始就考虑清 楚到底要写几个要点,一般情况下2-3个即可。此外,请各位特别注意每 个要点里长短句结合的写法,短句给出要点的概括,长句进行具体的解释, 这样可以最大程度保证内容逻辑清晰,层次分明。版本三:But in my opinion, there are still lots of problems. Forinstance, we are in lack of the relevant laws, and the environment where the food is made requires standards and regulatio
15、ns.但是在我看来仍然有 很多问题。例如,我们缺乏相关的法律,食品的制作环境也需要标准和管 理制度。在常规的因果或并列逻辑之外,举例也是表达个人观点看法的常用写 法。但是这种写法一方面要求例子的选择必须能有效说明问题,另一方面 要求例子的表述尽量精炼不能啰嗦,实际上对写作的基本功提出了更高的 要求。到此为止,三个版本写作的重点内容就分析完了。无论是语文还是英 语,写作水平的提升都离不开对其它文章内容的分析和借鉴。在看到一篇 文章的时候,你不能满足于这篇文章写了什么”的层面,而是要去主动思 考为什么这么写,以及“这些内容我可以用在什么地方“,然后有针对性地 去主动尝试在写作练习中应用这些新内容,
16、这样你的写作才能逐步提升。但是现实情况是,面对一篇优秀作文,99.9%的学生的连写了什么”的 档次都没达到,反应就是“这个文章的字写得真好看我想请问,你这是 写作呢,还是书法鉴赏呢?重点短语句型as you know 如你所知as for me 对我而言In my view / In my opinion 在我看来a growing number of people 越来越多的人become an inseparable part of daily life成为日常生活不可或缺的一部 分would rather do sth than do sth宁愿做某事,也不愿意做某事sb prefer
17、doing sth and doing sth某人倾向于做某事及做某事sth is popular, especially for people who do sth 某件事很普遍,特别是 对于做某事的人而言I seldom do sth. Instead, I like doing sth 我很少做某事,相反的是,我 喜欢做某事the +比较级 + we are, the +比较级 + we should do sth我 们越,就越应该做某事范文版本一(94字)As you know, a growing number of young people would rather order f
18、ood on the Internet or cal I a take-out restaurant for meals than cook at home.As for me, I seldom order meals online. Instead, I like eating what my mother cooks at home. If she is free, she will teach me how to cook.In my view, our health is closely related to what we eat. The busier we a re, the
19、more attention we should pay to food. Therefore, I prefer cooking food at home and going on a balanced diet.版本二(117字)Youre quite right. Ordering meals online is popular in China,especiaIly for people who a re too busy or just too lazy to cook.I often order food online when my parents a re at work, o
20、rwhen my family wants to try something that tastes diffe rent. The best about it is that its convenient. One just needs to place an order and pay for it online. Then, steaming-hot food arrives at your doorstep within an hour. Moreover, there a re many choices. We can order and taste diverse cuisines
21、 from various restaurants. It has also created millions of jobs and boosted the catering i nd ustry.Does it sound attractive? We can give it a try when you come to China!版本三(127字)Learning that you are interested in ordering meals online, I am writingto reply your questions.It is true that ordering m
22、eals online is becoming an inseparable part of Chinese daily life, which allows us to easily taste various food around by touching the screen and then just waiting for minutes. So its sure that I often use it to try some snacks near my school. But in my opinion, there a re sti 11 lots of problems. For instance, we a re in lack of the relevant laws, and the environment where the food is made requires standards and regulations.In brief, ordering meals online is an amazing new-born thing in China. It offers us high convenience. Next time you come to China, please dont forget to try it.