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1、Unit3 Inventors and inventions3 基础知识梳理JICHU ZHISHI SHULI构建知识体系词汇速记课标单词 抹汜然忠单词，即交瓶生寺泪一 patent n. file n. &vt.jam n. helicopter n. courtyard n. ripe adj. occasionally adv. triangle n. powder n. string n.dynamic adj. stable adj. perfume n. glue n. &vt. multiple adj.&n. refrigerator n. stainless adj. id
2、entification n.dot n. &vt. court n. cube n. directory n. wire n. extension n. passive adj. dial vt. straw n. version n.criterion n. rainfall n. reproduce vt. competence n. valid adj. lantern n.current n. &adj. personnel n.高考热点熟词生义你如遇下面句子中黑体阴的汉语常思吗？1. （2019全国卷 I ）The likabies plays-well-with-olhers q
3、ualities strengthen school yard friendships, jump- start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, arc employed ever after in life and work.开发； 发掘2. （2019天津卷）1 was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night, when fear seized me. My wallet was gone.（情绪）突然侵袭3. （2018全国卷HI）He turned up at t
4、he hospital bearing gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.携带4. （湖北卷）Approximately 75 buildings still bear these unique characteristics. 带 有（某种标记或外观特:征）单词拼写运用12. Please bear in mind that success comes from hard work while laziness leads to failure.3. Your letter calls up the days when we
5、worked together on the farms fifteen years ago.4. I couldnt get through to Hannah.Her brother was talking on the phone all the time!5. The twins are so alike that no one can distinguish one from the other. 查缺补漏知识拾遗I .用所给词的正确形式填空。1. The father as well as his three children goes skating on the frozen
6、(freeze) river every Sunday afternoon in winter.2. He is always so busy with his work that he has no choice but to go to see his parents occasionally (occasional).3. We hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient(convenience) for you.4. If we are blind to our own faults, we will not
7、 be very mercifui(mercy)toward others.5. We all have an expectation (expect) that we can be admitted to our own ideal universities this year.n.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1. I checked the files and some of the papers were out of order. You had better sort them out.2. As soon as she got into the classroom, she set
8、about preparing for the lessons.3. I havent seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond recognition.4. John rang up and he wanted you to ring him back the moment you returned.5. Do you have any possible ways to help him get rid of such a bad habit?强技提能语言应用I .语法填空短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识
9、点，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号 内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。Currently Ive become one of the personnel of the Patent Office. I am dynamic and never work 1. passively (passive). Soon I am competent to identify 2. whcthcr/if a patent claim is valid based on the criteria. Usually an inventor 3. files (file) a patent application
10、 with the expectation that he can make a fortune by 4. selling (sell) it. Yesterday two applications seized my attention. Someone 5. submitted (submit) a system that could predict abrupt climate 6. changes (change). He said he had tested the system with 7. caution (cautious) and made sure it was sta
11、ble as well 8. as practical. The other was a simple game, through 9. which small kids would learn merrily 10. to dislinguish (distinguish) shapes and colors.n.书面表达Step 1.要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)得知您的设计部需要助手，我想申请这个职位。I have learned that your designing depautmevl is in need of an assistant, Id like to app
12、ly for the position.自从童年开始，我就着手设计东西。I have set about designing things since my childhood.在过去的两年中，我一直潜心设计并在设计大赛中获得一等奖。In the past two years, I have been diving into designing and have won first prize in a designing competition.我能忍受艰苦的训练而且喜欢与人交往。I can bear hard training and like to associate with othe
13、rs.我对电脑操作和办公软件运用自如，这可以帮我顺利完成工作。I feel comfortable with computer operation and office software, which can help me get through my work well.如果被雇用，我将竭尽全力以不辜负您的期望。If I am employed, I will spare no effort to live up to your expectations.如果您考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。I would appreciate it if you could consider my appl
14、ication.Step 2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)用现在分词作状语升级句Learning that your designing deDartment is in need of an assistant, Id like to apply for Ihe position.用省略句升级句If emuloyed. I will spare no effort to live up to your expectations.Step 3.衔接成文（利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇）Dear Sir/Madam,Learning that youi designing deDa
15、riment is in need of an assistant. Id like to apply for the position.I have sei aboul designing ihings since my childhood. In ihe pasl Iwo years、I have been diving into designing and have won first prize in a designing competition. In addition, I can bear hard training and like to associate with oth
16、ers. Meanwhile, I feel comfortable with computer operation and office software, which can help me get through my work well. If employed、I will spare no effort to live up lo your expectations.I would CDpreciatc it if you could consider my aDDlication.Yours,Li Hua核心单词语境运用1. distinguish式.&a显示 的差别； 使有所不
17、同；辨别2. product n.产品3. merry 力.愉快的;高兴的4. seize ”抓住;捉住；夺5. claim n. &.要求；声称；主张6. bear ”.忍受:忍耐；负担7. forehead n.额头8. tap况.轻打:轻拍；轻敲n.轻轻地敲击（声）；（水）龙头9. invaluable。力.无价的:极宝贵的10. practical 力.实际的;实践的；实用 的用所给词的适当形式填空。1. COVID -19 has claimed(claim)nearly one million lives since 2020.2. Your suggestion sounds r
18、easonable and practical (practice). I think it deserves to be discussed at the next meeting.3. The country is at peace and the people go merrily (mcrry)to their work.4. My father taught me how to bear(bear) a heavy burden.5. The old man with grey hair had a distinguished(distinguish) career in medic
19、ine.派生单词语境运用1. mercy n.宽恕；仁慈f merciful adj. 宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的f merciless adi. 残忍的；无情的2. abruplo力突然的；意夕卜的一abruplly 。加.突然地；唐突地3. convenient 的.便利的；方便的；就近 的一convenience n.方便；便利4. caution n,小心；谨慎f cautious adj. 小心的；谨慎的-cautiously odu.小心地； 谨慎地5. expect v.预料；期待；期望；认为 -expectation n.预料；期待；期望6. recognize认出；识别；承认 -
20、recognition n. 认出；认可；承认用所给词的适当形式填空。1. He is a cautious man and is always doing things with caution. You should get on with him cautiously, (caution)2. You can visit Professor Li when it is ccnvenienl, that is, at his convenience, (convenient)3. In western countries, the number thirteen is usually as
21、sociated with bad luck, but actually there isnt any associalion between them.(associate)4. This is my occasional visit to the theme park, in which I occasionally meet the cartoon characters I like most. (occasion)5. It is freezing outside now, and more短语理解运用7. freeze v.冰冻f freezing adj.冰冻的； 严寒的f fro
22、zen adj；乐结的8. innocent 4.清白的；无罪的;天真的-*innocence /?. 天真； 清白9. occasion n.时机;机会;场合occasional偶然的-*occasionally。加.偶然地;不时地10. associatea联想;联系n.同伴； 伙伴一association 联系；联盟；协会snow is falling on already frozen streets. (freeze)句式辨识运用高频短语语境运用1. call up给打电话；使想起2. now and Ihen 偶尔；有时3. set about开始；着手4. dive into迅速
23、把手伸入;一心投入5. set out （to d。）开始（做）6. hang on不挂断:稍等；紧紧握住7. out of order次序颠倒:发生故障8. get through设法联系上（尤指打通电 话）；（设法）做完；通过9. ring back回复电话10. ring off挂断电话填入一个适当的词。After he decided on changing his job, Tom set about making preparations for a new one. He called up several companies asking whether they needed
24、 a computer operator. Despite the fact that he was often given the cold shoulder, he managed to hang on and finally a large company rang back, agreeing to give him a chance. He got through their interview and was admitted to the company. He had an extra duty: repair the computers when they were out
25、of order. In return, he was offered a very good salary, which was quite beyond his expectations. Tom dived into his new job soon with great enthusiasm.教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1. “连词+过去分词”省略结构 Between the outside and the inside walls of the bowl there is some jelly, which freezes when cooled.一旦曝光，胶卷就会被损坏而不能用了。On
26、ce exposed to light, the film will be damaged and get useless.2.so.that引导结果状语从句The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.他的发明很实用，所以很快就获得了专 利。His invention was so practical that he soon got a patent.3.祈使句+and/or+陈述句Follow it up, explore all
27、around it, and before you know it, you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.给我一次机会，我决不会辜负你的期望。Give me a chaacc, aad Ill live up to your expectations.重难考点探究ZHONGNAN KAODIAN TANJIU突破思维瓶颈1. distinguish况显示的差别；使有所不同；辨别(l)distinguish between.and.区分/辨别和distinguish.from.JE与区分开来(2)dis
28、tinguished ”。卓越的；著名的;杰出的be distinguished for.因而出名be distinguished as. 作为而出名 词块积累 distinguish distant objects 辨认出远处的物体distinguish a whispered conversation听清窃窃私语声distinguish between good and evil 分清善恶distinguish facts from rumours 辨别事实和传闻distinguish himself by winning 4 prizes因获得4个奖项而名声大噪基础练习单句语法填空 Re
29、adinggood books enriches our minds and teaches us todistinguish(distinguish) between right and wrong.(2019北京卷)This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.(2018浙江卷)No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished (
30、distinguish) writer.链接写作完成句子/句式升级(普通表达)Because it is distinguished for ils attractive scenery(以其迷人的风 景而I闻名)，Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year.(高级表达)Distinguished for its attractive scenery, Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year.(过去分词短语作状语)2. bear .(bore, borne
31、)忍受；忍耐；负担；生育离考原句2019天滓卷We learn to bear with the things we cant change.(1 )bear doing sth.忍受做某事bear sb. doing slh.忍受某人做某事(2)bear/keep sth.in mind 记住某事bear/keep in mind that.i己住厂词块积累bear your weight承受你的重量bear a heavy burden 承担重任bear the responsibility/blame 承担责任)基础练习单句语法填空Bearing (bear) a heavy burde
32、n, she has to work hard to bring up her children.He cant bear people smoking (smoke) when hes eating.(3)Why did Bob cry?He couldnt bear being laughed (laugh) at before the whole class.链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)My mother often reminds me to remember that failure is the mother of success.(高级表达)My mother often rem
33、inds me to bcar/kccp in mind that failure is the mother of success.名师点津bear作“忍受”讲时，其后跟动词-ing短语作宾语，表示习惯性 的动作；也可接不定式作宾语，表示某一次具体动作，且多与can, could或be able to连用。3. associate”联想；联系n.同伴；伙伴(l)associate sb./sth.with sb./sth.把和联系在一起be associated with.和有关(2)association .联合；联想；交往；协会；团体in association with.与合伙/合作厂
34、词块积累business associates 生意伙伴an associate editor/professor 副主编/副教授the associate producer of a film 联合制片人be associated with him in the project 和他一起做那个项目基础练习单句语法填空(2020全国卷 11 )Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home.(2020全国卷 I )As a result, she says, some of the injuries as
35、sociated(associate) with running, such as runners knee, are uncommon among race walkers.We are working in association (associate) with a lot of local companies to raise money for the homeless.链接写作一句多译有很多严重的健康问题与吸烟有关。There are many serious health problems which are associated with smoking.（定 语从句）Ther
36、e are many serious health problems associated with smoking.（过去分词短 语作定语）There are many serious health problems in association with smoking.（介词短语 作定语）4. call up给打电话；使想起call at拜访（某个地点）call on/upon拜访（某人）；号召call for需求；需要；去接（某人）call in邀请；请来基础练习单句语法填空（2018江苏卷）Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a
37、 systematic project which calls for a clear road map and timetable.As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village called up scenes of my childhood.The Ministry of Education calls on/upon students to exercise for an hour every day.链接写作一完成句子地球日前一周，我们学校周围张贴了海报，呼吁我们加入这个
38、“让地球变得 更绿”的活动中来。A week before Earth Day, posters were put up around our school, calling on/upon us to join in the activity for a gieener earth.名师点津与“打电话”有关的短语：ring up给打电话；ring/call back回复电话；ring off挂断电话；give sb.a ring/call给某人打电话； hang/hold on不挂断电话。5. get through设法联系上（尤指打通电话）；（设法）做完；通过；度过；用完; 耗尽get a
39、cross被理解；使人了解get away with被放过；受到从轻发落get down to着手认真做某事get over 克服get on进展；进步get in收获基础练习写出下列句中get through的含义Ive been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network ； I cant seem to get through.打通电话Luckily, he got through the exam and his efforts paid off.通过(3
40、)The little boy got through all his money in just one week and had to ask his mom for some more.用光1 managed to get through the hard work and the pain was worth it in the end.(设法)做完链接写作完成句子不管怎样，我们现在在这儿，那就让我们着手做些要紧的活吧。Anyway, wcrc here now, so lets get down to some serious work.当我们陷入困境时，我们的朋友总会伸出援助之手，
41、帮助我们渡过难关。Our friends lend us a hand when we are in trouble and help us get through difficult situations.名师点津常考的“动词+through”短语：go through检查；经历；look through浏览;仔细查看；break through突破(障碍)；pass through经过；路过6.教材佳句 P25Follow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you will have something worth
42、thinking about to occupy your mind.跟踪下去， 不断探 索，不知不觉中你就会发现某种值得思考的东西占据着你的大脑。句法句式本句为“祈使句+ and/or+陈述句”句型。该句型中的祈使句相当 于一个if引导的条件状语从句,and/or之后的句子相当于主句，所以用一般将来时。(1) “祈使句+ and +陈述句”表示祈使句与后面的句子是顺承关系。(2) “祈使句+ or/or else/otherwise+陈述句”相当于“if+否定条件状语从句 +主句”。(3) “名词词组+ and +陈述句”也有上述句式功能，名词词组中常含有more, another 等词。金
43、句推送Take care of the pence, and the pounds will take care of themselves.积少可以成多。基础练习单句语法填空Close the door of fear behind you, and you will see the door of faith open before you.Dont be too talkative, or you may leave a poor impression on others.A bit more effort, and you will settle the problem.(2018北京
44、卷)In any unsafe situation, simply press the button and a highly-trained agent will get(get) you the help you need.链接写作一一句多译给我一个机会，我会给你更多的回报。Give me a chance, and I will reward you with more.(祈使句)If you give me a chance, I will reward you with more.(if 从句)Given a chance, I will reward you with more.(
45、过去分词短语作状语)关键能力评估GUANJIAN NENGLI PINGGU强化运用技能夯基固本一基础强化I .用所给词的正确形式填空。1. The speech mainly deals with the trouble young children have distinguishing (distinguish) between right and wrong.2. Usually, the artworks are made of red paper, as red is assocjated(associate) with happiness in Chinese culture,
46、but other colors are also used.3. Read this story, and you will realize(realize) that not everything can be bought with money.4. I cant bear being kept(keep) waiting so long.5. My parents urge me to be cautious(caution)when Im making a decision, saying that it is not wise to put all the eggs in one basket.n.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1. Follow your teachers advice, or youll be left behind by your classmates.