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1、2022.2023学年北京市海淀区高一（上）期末英语试卷I.meeting, digital identities, concerns, a risk, a selection of, in a positive light, creativity, experiment withAvatars are (1) that you use to represent yourself online. You can choose an avatar from (2) readymade images, or create your own images.Although avatars haven
2、t been around for long, they are widely used.Avatars let you express yourself and give you room for (3) .People usually make their avatars look better than they do in real life.They also (4) things like different hairstyles-which says a lot about what they want to look like.But the use of avatars ha
3、s also caused a few (5) .Some users worry that they are spending too much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of (6) people in the real world.The use of several avatars can also be (7) , as people can use avatars to cheat others online.However, many people see avatars (8) .They look
4、 forward to a time when their avatar will act like a real person and travel around bigger, more exciting virtual worlds.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) Sam was a motherless boy who lived with his father Curtis.To Sam, his father was his hero and the only soul with whom he felt (2) and connected in the worl
5、d.Though uneducated and poor, Curtis recognized and cultivated his sons (3) in words like it was the most important thing in the world.He would take Sam to (he public library every day.When fate suddenly took Curtis away from Sam, the kid became homeless and withdrawn from everyone and everything.He
6、 even couldnt read a single page without (4) at every sentence.So he turned to writing instead.And within two months, the boy used up six notebooks to write his thoughts in notes and poetry. One day, Mr. Murray, a father of two boys, (5) Sam sitting outside a cafe, gripping his stomach in hunger, te
7、ars streaming down his face.He took Sam home, (6) him, and tucked him up in bed.Then he looked through Sams bag, hoping to find sonic number he could call.Instead, he found Sams diary.He read through page after page of what the 11 -year- old had been going through, trying to cry in (7).熟练掌握各种语法的各种用法
8、，努力达到熟能生巧的程度。211.【答案】A、B、D、C、A、B、A、B、C、D【解析】(1)考查形容词及语境理解。A.safe安全的;B.stressed焦虑不安的;C.excited兴奋的; D.anxious焦急的。由上文his father was his hero”提到山姆的父亲是山姆的英雄可知，父亲能够让 山姆感到安全。故选A项。(2)考查名词及语境理解。A.inspiration灵感；B.interest兴趣;C.habit习惯;D.imagination想象 力。ones interest in sth.意为对 的兴趣；a habit of sth.意为 的习惯由设空处后面的介
9、 词“in”以及语意可知，此处是指柯蒂斯培养儿子对文字的兴趣。故选B项。(3)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.showingoff炫耀；B.givingup放弃；C.calmingdown冷静下来； D.breaking down 分解，拆分。由上文When fate suddenly took Curtis away from Sam, the kid became homeless and withdrawn from everyone and everything.提到由于山姆的父亲去世了，山姆变得无家 可归，脱离外界可知，当时山姆很难看得进书，需要把每个句子作拆分才读得懂。故选D项。(4)
10、考查动词及语境理解。A.kept保持：B.felt感受；Cspotted发现；D.prevented防止。结合语 意与下文“HelookSamhome”(他带山姆回家)可知，此处是指默里一家发现了山姆饿着肚子坐在 咖啡屋外。故选C项。(5)考查动词及语境理解。A.fed喂食；B.taught教授;C.dragged拖,拉;D.pleased使高兴。由 上文gripping his stomach in hunger”提到无家可归的山姆肚子很饿可知，默里带山姆回家后会给他 食物。故选A项。(6)考查名词及语境理解。A.horror恐惧；B.silence沉默;C.relief宽慰；D.despe
11、ration绝望。结 合语意，默里读着山姆写的口记，为山姆的遭遇所动容，且由设空处前的“trying to”可以推知，默 里哭的时候想要尽量不哭出声来。故选B项。(7)考查副词及语境理解。A.neatly整洁地；B.hurriedly匆忙地；C.wisely明智地；D.naturally自 然地。结合语意,由下文”his clothes put away in a laundry bag, and the picture of his father put in a beautiful frame and placed on the study table”提到山姆的衣服放进洗衣袋里，父亲的照
12、片也装好放在 书桌上可知，他的东西被默里处埋得很好，所以他的书也应该会被整洁地放在书架上。故选A项。(8)考查形容词及语境理解。A.polite礼貌的；B.tearful含汨的；C.welcoming (对来访或到达的 人)欢迎的，热情友好的；D.comforting令人欣慰的。结合语意，默里对山姆说的话让山姆很感 动，所以山姆含泪相拥，作为回应。故选B项。(9)考查动词及语境理解。A.replaced 替代；B.described 描述;.developed 发展，养成;D.strenglhened 增强。结合语意，由He became outgoing”可知山姆后来变得外向起来，由此推知，
13、他也培养了自 信的个性。故选C项。(10)考查名词及语境理解。A.science 科学；B.gymnastics 体育；C.education 教育；D.literature 文学。由:文So he turned to writing instead.And within two months, the boy used up six notebooks to write his thoughts in notes and poetry.提到山姆写作,把自己的想法写成笔记或是诗歌,由此推知, 他遵从内心，修读的应该是文学。故选D项。本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是失去双亲的男孩山姆在好心人默里的
14、帮助和呵护下成为更好的 自己，也取得了事业上的成功。完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔 细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的同，注意上下文的呼应和语境。12.【答案】【小题1 to jump【小题2 worried【小题3】would do【小题4】who/that【解析】（I）考查动词不定式。句意：于是，他把一张巨大的床搬到镇上各处，鼓励他的同胞跳 上去,然后满意地看着大量的人这样做。encourage sb lo do sth表示鼓励某人做某事。故填lo jump。（2）考查形容词。句意:起初，他担心得到一个负面的回应。be worried abo
15、ut表示“担心某事”, 用形容词作was的表语，修饰he,表示担心的。故填worried。（3）考查动词时态。句意：然而，在尝试之后，大多数人都说这很有趣，他们表示会再次尝试! 结合句意和said可知，大多人说会再次尝试这件事，表明这件事还没做，所以应该用过去将来时 态。故填would doo（4）考查定语从句关系词。句意：他是个改变我们生活的天才。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行 词为genius,指人，在从句作主语，故填who/lhal。（5）考查可数名词的复数。句意：他做出了一些最伟大的科学发现。根据空前的some of和形容 词scientific可知，空处填名词复数。故填discover
16、ies。（6）考查时态。句意：这也是他最终获得诺贝尔物理学奖的原因之一。结合句意可知，此处在讲 述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。故填won。（7）考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：1999年，他被时代杂志评为“世纪人物，时间状语 为in 1999,句子用一般过去时，主语为he,谓语动词用三单形式，且与name之间是被动关系， 故填 was named o（8）考查形容词。句意：人工智能可以让口常生活变得便利与愉快，让我们更加健康，生活标准 也能得到提高。此处用形容词与convenient并列作宾补修饰宾语everyday life,表示愉快的，故 填 enjoyable o（9）考查动词时态和
17、主谓一致。句意：如今，人工智能健身软件越来越受人欢迎，提供了更多在 家锻炼的选择。时间状语为Nowadays,句子应用现在完成时，主语apps是复数形式，谓语动词 用复数形式。故填have becomeo（10）考查介词。句意：你不仅可以在智能手表上设定每日步数目标，设置鼓励提醒，还可以骑 智能自行车从车库一直穿过乡村，或者在客厅电视上配备私人教练。ride on a bike表示“骑自行车二 故填on。A是一篇记叙文，叙述了一名男子决定制作一段视频，在这座城市传播欢乐的故事。B是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了爱因斯坦的生平。C是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能能够给人们日常生活带来哪些便利与乐趣。语法
18、填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型， 语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。1315.【答案】D、D、B解析（1）细节理解题。根据 Fantasy Sports Apps 部分中的 The fantasy apps allow sports lovers to virtually participate in the game to create their teams giving them the feel of contributing to the actual game they like.This is why Fanta
19、sy Sports apps are greatly popular among their fans.（虚拟比赛应用程 序允许体育爱好者虚拟地参与游戏，创建自己的团队，让他们感觉到为自己喜欢的实际游戏做出 贡献。这就是为什么虚拟体育应用程序在他们的粉丝中非常受欢迎。）可知虚拟比赛应用程序很 受欢迎是因为用户感觉更多地参与到了游戏中。故选D.（2）细节理解题。根据 Live Slreaming Apps 部分中的 These apps often add a live chat feature to make them more engaging for the users, which al
20、lows the viewers to communicate with each other and the athletes.（这些应用程序通常会添加实时聊天功能，让用户更感兴趣，这使得观众可以相互交流， 也可以与运动员交流。）可知为观众提供实时交流功能使直播应用程序更具吸引力。故选D。（3）文章出处题。根据第一段 Sport is a billion-dollar industry with people all across the globe being crazy for different sports, so it is an excellent idea for busine
21、sses to invest in a sports app.If you have trouble in finding what kind of sports app to create for your startup, do not worry, we have a few ideas for you.（体育是一个价值数十亿美元的产业，全球各地的人们都为不同的运动而疯狂，所以对企业 来说，投资体育应用程序是一个很好的主意。如果你在为你的初创公司开发什么样的体育应用程 序方面遇到困难，不要担心，我们有一些想法可以给你。）和最后一段Do you want tocreaie your own
22、 sports mobile app? Hire a mobile app development company （hat specializes in creating mobile apps and can turn your creative money-making app ideas into reality.（是否要创建自己的体育移动应用程序? 聘请一家专门开发移动应用的移动应用开发公司，该公司可以将您的创意赚钱应用想法转化为现 实。）可知本文是在给想要投资创立公司的人提供想法和思路，所以最可能来自网站的商业版块。 故选Bo这是一篇说明文。文章给想要创立公司的人推荐了几个可以开发
23、的体育应用程序。阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有 标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料； 其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后， 带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强 的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题H要求， 才能做到稳.、准。1619.【答案】A、B、C、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。由文章第二段 But I laler discovered ihal b
24、y becoming more aware of other peoples lives. I became less in tune with myself.（但后来我发现，通过更多地关注别人的生活，我 变得越来越不适应自己。）可知在创建了一个在线账号后，作者对自己越来越不能认同。故选A。（2）细节理解题。由文章第三段 Within a monlh, I became less concerned aboul olher peoples lives and more concerned about my courses.（不到一个月，我就不再关心别人的生活，而是更关心我的课 程。）可知没有社
25、交媒体使作者更专注于她的学习。故选B。（3）推理判断题。由文章最后一段 Social media is not inherently bad, but it becomes terrible when we are addicted to it.（社交媒体本身并不坏，但当我们沉迷于它时.，它就变得可怕了。）可知社交媒 体容易让人沉迷，考验人的自制力。故选C。（4）主旨大意题。由文章第一段 I opened an online account： this was the beginning of my journey through the virtual world.（我开了一个网上账户;这是
26、我虚拟世界之旅的开始。）以及第三段首 句Luckily, my phone went missing and my mother refused to get me a new one.（幸运的是，我的手 机不见了，我妈妈拒绝给我买一个新的。）以及末段末句Social media is not inherently bad, but it becomes terrible when we are addicted to it.（社交媒体本身并不坏，但当我们沉迷于它时，它就变 得可怕了。）可知本文讲述了作者从沉迷于社交媒体到解脱到理解社交媒体的真正意义的过程。 故选C。这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位
27、八年级的女孩从沉迷社交媒体失去自我到解脱回归正轨到理解社 交媒体的真正意义并正确使用的过程。阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有 标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料； 其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后， 带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强 的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求， 才能做到稳、准。2023.【答案】A、D、C、B【解析】（1）目的意图题
28、。根据第二段In the last 25 years,texting has changed the way we communicate greatly.And many would argue, not fbr the better.The average person in 2022 checks their phone 262 times a day, up from a daily average of 80 in 2016.0vervhelined, many end up consciously or unconsciously opting out, stopping resp
29、onding to loved ones and friends.Unfortunately, not everyone will be understanding.（在 过去的25年里，短信极大地改变了我们交流的方式。许多人会说，这不是好事。2022年，平均 每人每天查看手机262次，高于2016年的平均每天80次。许多人应接不暇，最终有意识或无意 识地选择退出，不再回复亲人和朋友。不幸的是，不是每个人都能理解。）可知，人们每天查看 手机的频率不断增加，并不是一件好事。本段的写作目的是为了呈现人们对手机信息的焦虑程度， 为了缓解焦虑，有的人甚至开始选择无视手机信息。故选A。（2）词句猜测题。
30、根据第四段第一、二句 Aguirre says this is reflected in a physical reaction, tightness in the chest, tensionsor increased heart rate.You also may feel a little more or short with others,compulsively check your phone or have obsessive and intrusive thoughts about the text conversation （阿 吉雷说，这反映在身体反应上，胸闷、紧张或心率加
31、快。你也可能会觉得和别人在一起更紧张、 更急躁，会不由分说地看手机，或者对短信对话有强迫性和侵入性的想法。）可知，划线的词on edge意为紧张的意思，与上文tensions是同义词。结合选项A.Frightened.害怕的；B.Interested. 感兴趣的；C.Excited.兴奋的；D.Nervous.紧张的。分析可知，D项符合词义。故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的第一句Establishing a texting schedule with people you interact with frequently is one way of reducing some of
32、 t he stress if you have different texting styles.（如果你们的短信风格不同，和经常接触的人建立一个 信息时间表是减轻压力的一种方法。）可知，制定一个短信时间表有助于减轻压力。故选C。（4）标题归纳题。根据全文内容，结合第一段Do the endless stream of messages and the thought of replying to unopened texts give you anxiety?Can the group chat feel so overwhelming that you want to throw you
33、r phone out of the window ?Texting anxiety is a real thing, and more common than youd think.（无休止的信息和回复未打开的短 信会让你焦虑吗？群聊会不会让你觉得势不可挡，想把手机扔出窗外？发短信焦虑是真实存在的, 而且比你想象的更常见。）和倒数第二段Establishing a texting schedule with people you interact with frequently is one way of reducing some of t he stress if you have di
34、fferent texting styles.Aguirre suggests limiting the amount of time you are on you r phone also helps with the anxiety. By cancelling or reducing how much contact you have with the sou rce of anxiety, youll feel some relief, she says.（如果你们的短信风格不同，和经常接触的人建立 一个信息时间表是减轻压力的一种方法。阿吉雷建议，限制你看手机的时间也有助于缓解焦虑。
35、她说：通过取消或减少与焦虑来源的接触，你会感到一些缓解。“）可知，本文主要讲述信息焦 虑带来的问题及解决办法。结合选项A.A texting schedule： The final way out.信息时间表：最后的 出路;B.Texling anxiety： Problems and solutions.信息焦虑:问题和解决方案；C.Text conversations： Strengths and weaknesses.文本对话：优点和缺点；D.A new perspective： How much texting is too much. 一个新视角：发多少信息才算太多。分析可知，B项能
36、准确概括全文的大意。故选B。 本文一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了手机带来的信息焦虑的危需及如何缓解这种焦虑。做阅读时苜先要通读全文，理解文章大意，然后带着问题到原文中找信息句，仔细研究问题和跟 问题有关的句子，琢磨其意思，选出正确答案。24,【答案】【小题 1 】Because you have to pass the smaller prize along the way.，卜题 2 Firstly, celebrating the small victories gives you a sense of achievement. Secondly, ihe path to your succe
37、ss will shape who you are.Thirdly, the path you took is your personal history, and its better to mark it with a series of celebrations. Fourthly, breaking overall goals into smaller milestones makes the journey seem more manageable.【小题 3 】In order to achieve ultimate goals, we should set goals along
38、 the way.According to the passage, we should set quantitative goals instead of qualitative goals because quantitative goals are easier to track.【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句And the smaller prize isnt any less important than the ultimate prize because you have to pass it along the way.（小奖品的重要性丝亳不亚于终极奖品， 因
39、为你必须一直传递下.去。）可知，小奖品和终极奖品同等重要，因为你必须把它传递卜.去。故 答案为 Because you have to pass the smaller prize along the way.（2）细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 Celebrating the small victories gives you a sense of achievement. （庆祝小小的胜利会给你种成就感。）,第三段第The path to your success will shape who you are.（通往成功的道路将塑造你。），第三段最后两句Also, once you are
40、close to your ultimate goal, the path you took is your personal history.Better to mark it with a series of celebrations than a dull storyline.（此外，一旦你接近你的最终目标，你所走的道路就是你的个人历史。最好用一系列的 庆祝活动来纪念它，而不是一个枯燥乏味的故事情节。）以及第四段第一句Breaking overall goals into smaller milestones makes the journey seem more manageable.
41、（将总体目标分解成更小的里程碑 会使旅程看起来更易于管理。）可知，庆祝小的胜利的原因可以归结为以上四点。故答案为Firstly, celebrating the small victories gives you a sense of achievement.Secondly the path to your success will shape who you are.Thirdly, the path you took is your personal history, and its better to mark it with a series of celebrations.Four
42、thly, breaking overall goals into smaller milestones makes the journey seem more manageable.（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段 If your milestones are vague, how will you know when you have reached them? Set quantitative goals and stick to thcm.Quantitativc is much easier to track than qualitative, which can be subject
43、ive.（如果你的里程碑是模糊的，你怎么知道什么时候你已经达到 了它们？设定量化目标并坚持下去。定量比定性更容易追踪，定性可能是主观的。）可知，为了 实现自己的终极目标，我们应该设定量化目标并坚持下去而不是定性目标，因为定量比定性更容 易追踪，定性可能是主观的。故应将题干中的qualitative（定性的）划线。故答案为Inorder to achieveultimate goals, we should setgoals along the way when setting milestones.According to the passage,wc should set quantitat
44、ive goals instead of qualitative goals because quantitative goals can be subjective and are easier to track.（4）开放性题目。方式多种多样，原因可借鉴第二题进行作答。故答案为【will share my small victories with people who can stand in my shoes.Sharing my achievements with them makes me feel encouraged to go further.Thus, Im fully mo
45、tivated （o do better and hit the next milestone.这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍J庆祝小Fl标的原因及如何实现自己的终极目标。阅读表达，要求学生在阅读理解的基础上，根据短文后的题目，在文中找到相关的内容，并用简 洁、准确的句子，将理解的内容，书面表达出来。做题时，注意表达的内容不要超出规定的字数。25.【答案】Dear Jim,Its nice to hear from you.Heres some advice about the celebration you mcntioncd.Considcring the festive nature of
46、 the occasion, you could invite some paper-cutting craftsmen and Chinese opera experts to perform, which will undoubtedly arouse students interest.【高分句型一】Besides, a hands-on activity can be arranged where students can cook their own Spring Festival Eve dinner and feel the special charm of Chinese cu
47、isine.（推荐活动并说明原因）Youd better contact the experts in advance in case they are otherwise engaged.【高分句型二】Also, try asking Chinese students co accompany you while purchasing ingredients to ensure you gel （he right food. （提醒注意事项）I hope the celebration goes well.If you have any other questions, feel free
48、to ask me.Yours,Li Hua解析】高分句型：Considering the festive nature of the occasion, you could invite some paper-cutting craftsmen and Chinese opera experts to perform, which will undoubtedly arouse students interest.翻译：考虑到节日的性质，你可以邀请一些剪纸工匠和中国戏曲专家来表演，这无疑会引起学生 的兴趣。分析：本句使用了 which引导的非限制性定语从句。高分句型二： Youd belte
49、r contact the experts in advance in case they are otherwise engaged. 翻译：你最好提前与专家联系，以防他们有事。分析：本句使用了 incase引导的条件状语从句。提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯， 符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显 得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。When Sam woke up, he found his books (8) arranged on a shelf, his clothes put away in a laundry bag, and (he picture of his father put in a beaut