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1、2022北京首都师大回龙观育新学校高二（上）期中英 语考生注意：本试卷共十页，共三道大题、43道小题，卷面满分100分，答题时间90分钟。考 生务必将答案答在机读卡和答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题L5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。“Its no use, said Johnny. Tm just no good at dancing.”“Youve got to keep trying. Tonight will be , dear. Try a turn with
2、 that pretty Lisette.Johnny 2. Every Saturday night used to be the best of the week. He and his parents went to the dance atthe Club, where his hero, Alcide, played the accordion with the band. But lately everything had changed. Now that Johnny was older, he was 3 to dance with a girl.When Johnny an
3、d his parents arrived at the Club, music had already started. Johnny got up his 4 to approach Lisette. tkMay I have this dance?” Johnny asked. Thats all right,“ said Lisette. Johnny struggled to keep up with Lisettes smooth steps, but he was always one beat behind her. Then Johnny heard his friend P
4、ierre say, “Look! Johnny has two let eel!” 5 burst from the crowd. Johnny broke away and ran outside, determined never to go to another dance.The next Saturday, Alcide 6 to Johnnys house fbr some potatoes. He happened to hear Johnny playing the accordion. Alcides eyes 7. Bring that accordion and pla
5、y some songs tonight,“ Alcide said. Then hedrove off, leaving Johnny staring open-mouthed after him.At the Club. Johnny scanned the crowd for Lisette and 8 her, and invited her for a dance. The band played fbr a long time before Alcide said, “Dear friends, I got a surprise fbr you tonight. Young Joh
6、nny is going to join us!” 9, Johnny stepped up on the platform, his eyes on the floor. He began to play, and the band joined in behindhim. When the song ended, he heard cheers. Johnny kept playing until the dance was over. You did a fine job tonight. Play with us again next Saturday night J Alcide s
7、aid. uYcs, sir!” said Johnny. As he went outside, Johnny saw Lisette and her friends near the door. Lisette stepped 10, smiling. 4tYou played really good tonightshe said. Thankyou, Johnny blushed.1. A. difficultB. troublesomeC. differentD. terrible2. A. answeredB. sighedC. smiledD. laughed3. A. expe
8、ctedB. invitedC. allowedD. chosen4. A. spiritsB. feelingsC. courageD. strength5. A. ShoutsB. LaughterC. ApplauseD. Cheers6. A. ranB. walkedC. droveD. cycled7. A. openedB. rolledC. shaipenedD. widened8. A. caughtB. searchedC. soughtD. spotted9. A. StrugglingB. TremblingC. WanderingD. Whispering10. A.
9、 backwardB. upwardC. forwardD. downward考查动词词义辨析。句意：Alcide睁大了眼睛。A. opened打开：B. rolled（使）翻滚;C. sharpened（使）变得锋 利；D. widened（使）变宽。根据后文 “The band played for a long time before Alcide said, t4Dcar friends, I got a surprise for you tonight. Young Johnny is going to join us!,n 可知,是 Alcide 听到 Johnny 弹奏手风琴，拉
10、的很 好，所以邀请他上台表演，此处是因为惊讶而眼睛睁大。故选D项。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在俱乐部里，Johnny扫视人群寻找Liselte,发现了她，邀请她跳舞。A. caught 拦住;B. searched 搜索：C. soughl 寻求;D. spotted 发现、看见。根据前文 “Al ihe Club, Johnny scanned ihe crowd for Lisette M 以及后文 “invited her for a dance.可知，是 Johnny 在人群中寻找 Lisette,找到了 她, 才会邀请她跳舞。故选D项。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：J
11、ohnny战战兢兢地走上平台，两眼望着地板。A. Struggling奋斗；B.Trembling（因紧张、激动、惊慌等）颤抖;C. Wandering徘徊;D. Whispering耳语。根据后文“his eyes on the floorn可知，Johnny的心情是紧张，害怕的，所以是颤抖着走上台。故选B项。【10题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Lisette微笑着走上前去。A. backward向后；B. upward向上；C. forward向前； D. downward 向下。根据后文”You played really good tonight!” she said. ” 可知，L
12、isette 是在赞扬 Johnny, 所以她是走上前和Johnny说话。故选C项。第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1分，共15分）【答案】11. with12. doing13. is not measured14. but【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。Jason以前是一个很有钱的大学教授，后来知道每年都有很多人饿死，还有一些 地方没有学校和老师后，就把所有的钱都捐给慈善机构了。他认为成功不是用你有多有钱衡量，而是你对生 命真谛的理解来衡量。11题详解】考查介词。句意：16年前，杰森是一名大学教授，拥有一栋六居室大房子和20。万美元的财产。根据句意 可知，此处表示“拥有一栋六居室大房子和
13、20（）万美元的财产”，整个短语表伴随，应用介词*th。故填 with。【12题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这使他很担心，他感到内疚，身为富人却什么都不做。分析句子可知，设空处位 于介词wiihoul后，作宾语，应用动名词doing形式。故填doing。【13题详解考查动词时态语态。句意：”成功不是用你有多少钱来衡量的，而是用你对生活真谛的理解来衡量的。” 杰森说。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，其主语为success,与measure之间为被动关系，表示“被 衡量”，应用被动语态；结合句意可知，此处是在陈述客观真理，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语success 为不可数名词，故谓语动词用单数
14、形式。故填is not measured。【14题详解】考查并列连词。句意：“成功不是用你有多少钱来衡量，而是用你对生活真谛的理解来衡量的。”杰森 说。分析句子可知，设空处前后均为by + how引导的宾语从句，前后之间结构一致，故需填一个并列连 词；结合句意可知，此处表示“成功不是用你有多少钱来衡量，而是用你对生命真谛的理解来衡量”， not.but.为固定搭配，意为“不是而是。故填but。【答案】15. scars16. began17. where【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了好莱坞明星娜奥米沃茨的成长经历。【15题详解】考查名词。句意：娜奥米沃茨，好莱坞最伟大的明星之一
15、，1968年9月28日出生于英国。分析句子可 知，句中涉及固定短语“one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，意为“最的之一”，“star”意 为“明星”，为可数名词，复数形式为“stars”。故填stars。【16题详解】考查时态。句意：七岁时，她开始跟随母亲和哥哥在英国各地旅行，直到1982年他们在澳大利亚定居， 娜奥米说服母亲让她上表演课。根据句意和句中“At seven”可知，句中陈述的是娜奥米七岁时的事，应 用一般过去时,“begin”意为“开始”,动词词性，过去式为“began”。故填began。17题详解】考查定语从句。句意：七岁时，她开始跟随母亲和哥哥在英国各地旅行，直到19
16、82年他们在澳大利亚定 居，娜奥米说服母亲让她上表演课。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“Australia”，在 从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词“where”引导从句。故填where。【答案】18. to predictwhile19. embarrassed【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了什么是人格以及理解人格的作用。【18题详解】考查不定式和动词短语。句意：理解人格可以让我们预测人们对待特定情况的反应，以及他们的喜好和价 值。allow sb to do sth是固定短语，意为“允许某人做某事，故填to predict。【19题详解】考杳并列连词。句意：例如，一个
17、人在面对新的经历时可能会高兴地跳起来，而一个害羞的人可能会在一 大群人面前感到尴尬。前后分句表达对比含义，故填while。【2()题详解】考杳形容词。句意：例如，一个人在面对新的经历时可能会高兴地跳起来，而一个害羞的人可能会在一大 群人面前感到尴尬。feel后面接形容词作表语，修饰人用ed形容词，故填embarrassed。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者收集大量专家对书推荐的数据，然后向读者推荐一些有史以来最重要的 书。21题详解】细节理解题 o 由文章第三段“The book is the most deta
18、iled and thrilling account of the events that led to the destruction of the Twin Towers, based on five years of research and hundreds of interviews.（这本书是最详细且 惊心动魄地描述那些导致双子塔毁灭的事件，以五年来的研究和成百上千的调查为基础。）可知，The Looming Tower by Lawrence Wright 这本书描述的是 Twin Towerso 故选 B 项。【22题详解】细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段“Ammonite, Gr
19、iffiths first science fiction, which was published in 1992, won the Lambda Award and the James Tiptree Jr Award?* （Ammonite 是 Griffith 的第一本科幻小说，出版于 1992 年,而且获得Lambda奖和James Tiptree Jr奖。）可知,Ammonite是一本科幻小说。故选C项。23题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“We have the worlds largest collection of expert book recommendations.
20、The following are books that have been recommended over and over again,M （我们拥有世界上最大专家对书的推荐 的收集数据，下面是一些不断被推荐的书籍。）可知，文章推荐的书籍都是专家们多次推荐的。故选B 项。【答案】24. A25. C 26. B 27. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述一个年轻女子努力实现自己目标的故事，来表达如果没有 一个强有力的理由或FI标，生活中的任何事情都是困难的。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段I once met a young woman who had drcams
21、 of swimming for the U.S Olympic team. She had to get up every morning al 4 a.m. to swim for 3 hours before going to school. She did not party with her friends on Saturday night. She had to study and keep her grades up, just like everyone else.（我曾经遇到过一位年 轻女子，她梦想成为美国奥运代表队的一员。她每天早上4点起床，游泳3个小时后才去上学。星期六
22、晚 上她没有和朋友聚会。她必须学习，保持好成绩，就像其他人一样）”可知，文章以一个年轻女子的故事开 头，所以是举例子开头。故选A项。25题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“She simply said, “I do it for myself and the people I love. Ils love that gets me over the hurdles and sacrifices.（她只是说，“我这么做是为了我自己和我爱的人。是爱让我克服障碍和牺 牲。可知，此处是年轻女子在解释是什么让她一直坚持，所以前面是作者在问她是什么促使她有如此 超人的野心和牺牲，所以compelled此处
23、是“促使”之意，与forced意思相近。故选C项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Firsllhe dont wants”, fbrthey create the “wants”.（首先是“不想要”，因为它 们创造了 “想要“）”可知，“想要”来自“不想要”。故选B项。【27题详解】推理判断题题。根据第六段中 “I have lost money and been set back many times, but it was the deep emotional reasons Ihal kept me standing up and going forward. I wanted
24、to be free by age 40, but it took me until I was 47 with many learning experiences along the way.（我已经失去了钱，多次被挫败，但正是深层次的情感原因让我 站起来继续前进。我想在40岁时自由，但我直到47岁才实现，一路上有很多学习经历）”以及第七段“I wish I could say it was easy. It wasnt, but it wasnt hard either. But without a strong reason or purpose anything in life is
25、hard.（我希望我能说这很容易。不是，但也不难。但如果没有一个强有力的理由或目标，生活中的任 何事情都是困难的）”可知，后文是对划线句子的解释，所以从划线的句子中了解到，在现实中，没有更深 层次的情感原因，我们可能会遇到更多的障碍。故选D项。【答案】28. D 29. A 30. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。大多数成功人士都很关注自身健康，最近的研究表明健康与成功有联系。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的 aSuccessful persons 1 汰ely show up at the health club consistently, work with a person
26、al trainer, or get up a few minutes early for a heart elevating jog. Successful people like to jump start their day with plenty of energy and the feel-good endorphins（内啡肽）that exercise offers.（成功人士可能会经常出现在 健康俱乐部，与私人教练一起工作，或早起几分钟进行提升心脏的慢跑。成功人士喜欢以充沛的精力和运 动带来的让人感觉良好的内啡肽开始新的一天）”可知，成功人士可能会经常出现在健康俱乐部、与私人教
27、 练一起锻炼或早起慢跑。由此可推知，成功人上往往更关注自己的健康状况。故选D项。【29题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第四段中的 “When asked about obesity, 75% of managers said that being overweight is a serious career impediment（妨碍）”.Do these responses reflect our obsession with weight loss and mirror the constant reports of skinny images in popular cullure?（当被问及
28、肥胖问题时，75%的管理者表示，超重是“严重 的职业障碍”。这些回应是否反映了我们对减肥的obsession,并反映了流行文化中不断报道的瘦削形 象?）”可知，当被问及肥胖问题时，有高达75%的管理者表示，超重是“严重的职业障碍”。因此下文问 到了 “这些回应是否反映了我们对减肥的痴迷”。obsession为名词，表示“痴迷、着魔，与craze互为 同义表达。故选A项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Further, a leading manager search company surveyed more than 1,300 managers. When asked to
29、describe their viewpoints of weight and work, 75% said good physical fitness is “critical fbr career success at the manager level. 17%, by contrast, said staying in shape is “a nice goal, but secondary to good fitness.（此外，一家领头 经理猎头公司调查了 1300多名经理。当被问及他们对体重和工作的看法时， 75%的人认为良好的身体素质”对管理者的职业成功至关重要”。相比之下，1
30、7%的人说保持身材是“一个 很好的目标，但次于良好的身体素质“）”可知，经理猎头公司的研究表明，良好的身体素质对职业成功至 关重要。故选B项。【答案】31. C32. A 33. D 34. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了极限运动的成功与风险。31题详解】推理判断题。分析文章第二段第二句He notes that most of us hit a natural ceiling that limits our appetite for extreme risk in tricky conditions.w （他指出，我们中的大多数人达到了一个自然的上限,这个（自然上限） 限制了我
31、们在复杂条件下对极端风险的欲望。）可知，这里含有一个定语从句，先行词为a natural ceiling, 定语从句对a natural ceiling进行修饰，“限制了我们在复:杂条件下对极端风险的欲望”说明许多人不想做 极限运动。故选C项。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段开头提到的“groups climbing Everest”（攀登珠穆朗玛峰的团体）和第二句“T。 me, that just seems like the height of risk, he said. uBut to them it was the next step in an activity that th
32、ey,ve prepared for years.（“在我看来，这似乎是最大的风险，”他说。“但对他们来说，这是他们准备多年的 一项活动的下一步。）可知，登山者为挑战做了大量的准备。故选A项。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段第句“Another aspect of risk perception （认知）may be something referred to as “the flow，a state in which many athletes become absorbed in the acts that fbcus the mind completely on the presen
33、t.（风险认知的另一个方面可能是被称之为“心流”的东西，在这种状态下，许多运动员全神贯注于将精力 完全集中在当下的行为。）以及后面的进一步解释可知，本段要点就是“the flow”这种特定的精神状态会 使你更有可能去尝试一项活动。故选D项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 “People of different skill levels experience the flow at different limes. Some may always be driven to adventures that others consider extreme.M （不同技能水平的人在不同的时间
34、体验这种流 动。一些人可能总是被驱使去冒险，而另一些人则认为是极端的。）以及后文所举的事例可知，不同的技 能水平的人有自己不同的选择，所以冒险是你可以选择做或选择避免的事情。故选A项。【点睹】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句 来概括（如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形 容词）。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。例如本文第3 题，第五段的要点，就在段落第一句.匕准确理解了段落第一句，也就抓住了段落要点。第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，共10分）【答案】35
35、. B 36. F 37. C 38. E 39. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为“自动化”的行为模式，可以有助于人们养成新的好习 惯。自动化强调了小的变化对产生大的不同的影响。心理学家Kahina Louis也提出了自己对此的看法。【35题详解】根据上文 Anyone whos tried to add something new to their routine knows one thing: Building new habits isnt easy. 可知任何试图在日常生活中增加一些新东西的人都知道一件事：养成新习惯并不容易。由此可知，本句承接 上文说明为什
36、么养成新的习惯不容易，这是因为养成新的习惯需要时间和坚持。上文中Building new habits 对应到B选项中的It。故B选项”这需要时间和坚持”符合.上下文语境，故选B。【36题详解】根据后文 For example: If you want to save more but it seems difficult to achieve, try transferring five dollars to your savings account each time you buy lunch during the week. If you want to do more sports
37、but arent motivated to go to the gym every day, try doing 5 pushups after each time you use the restroom.可知例如:如果你想存更多的钱， 但似乎很难做到，那就试着每周每次买午餐时把5美元转到你的储蓄账户上。如果你想做更多的运动，但又 不想每天都去健身房，那就试试每次上完厕所后做5个俯卧撑吧。由此可知，自动化的意思是在你原有的习 惯上增加新的习惯。故F选项“它是你把你想要的新习惯添加到已有的习惯上”符合上下文语境，故选F。【37题详解】根据后文“Automation works well in
38、 developing new behavior patterns because i（ involves the use of positive reinforcement, which is one of the most powerful tools fbr behavior change,“ Kahina Louis, a psychologist, tells Shine.可知心理学家Kahina Louis告诉Shine网站：“自动化在开发新的行为模式方面效果很好，因为它涉及 到枳极强化的使用，这是改变行为最有力的工具之一。”由此可知，自动化是有效的改变行为的工具之一。 故C选项“
39、但它在尝试的过程中是有效的”符合上下文语境，故选C。【38题详解】根据后文“As you show yourself each small change youve made, youre giving yourself the message that you are c叩able of accomplishment,Louis says.可知Louis说：“当你向自己展示你所做的每一个小改变时，你给了自 己一个信息：你有能力完成这些改变。”由此可知，这些小的步骤会激发你的自信，让你相信自己有能力完 成这些改变。故E选项“这些小步骤会激发你的动力和自信”符合上下文语境，故选E。【39题详解】
40、根据后文 Take a look at what things you keep doing throughout the day or course of the week to decide when to add new automation. Louis says, “For example: If you know that youre always extremely tired after work, then you might consider picking an auto habit that occurs in your morning routine rather t
41、han in the evening.“可知看看你每 天或每周都在做些什么来决定什么时候添加新的自动化。Louis说：“例如如果你知道你下班后总是特别累， 那么你可以考虑选择一个在早上而不是晚上养成的开车习惯。”由此可知本段是在建议要找到自己的自动 习惯。故A选项“找到你自动习惯”符合上下文语境，故选A。第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）答案40. Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to identify and regulate your own emotions.41. Rather than react wisely, highl
42、y emotional people tend to let their emotions run their lives, often saying or doing something they may later regret.42. Its important to keep your emotions under control, so when you get hurt, you should ne her Hei oary nor do stupid things for revenge.According to the passage, its okay fbr you to
43、feel angry, just not out-of-control angry.43. I manage my emotions in two ways. Firstly, I like writing down my bad feelings, which enables me to let go of them so that I can focus more on what makes me cheerful. Secondly, when conflict occurs, it helps to talk openly about my feelings and thoughts.
44、I improve my emotional control from two aspects. When in conflict with others, I address it with a shoe-shifting view, which helps me belter understand （hem and avoid highly emotional response. As fbr my negative feelings, I prefer to let them out in a healthy way, such as running or singing, which
45、benefits me emotionally.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是什么是情商，高情商和低情商的人分别有什么表现。 【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的Emolional intelligence refers to （he ability lo identify and regulate your own emotions.（情商指的是识别和调节自己情绪的能力。）”可知，情商指的是识别和调节自己情绪的能力，故 答案为 Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to identify and regulate your
46、own emotions）41题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“We all know highly emotional people. Rather than react wisely, they tend to let their emotions run their lives, often saying or doing something they may later regret.（我们都认识高度情绪化的 人。他们没有做出明智的反应，而是倾向于让自己的情绪控制自己的生活，经常说或做一些事后可能会后 悔的事情。）”可知，高度情绪化的人倾向于让他们的情绪控制他们的生活，经常说或做些事后
47、可能会 后悔的事情，故答案为 Rather than react wisely, highly emotional people tend to let their emotions run their lives, often saying or doing something they may later regreto【42题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的 “ It means you know it is okay to be angry, just not out-of-control angry. You know its okay to feel hurt, but it i
48、s not okay to do something stupid in the name of revenge （报复）.（这意味着你 知道生气是可以的，只是不要失控。你知道受伤是可以的，但以复仇的名义做傻事就不对了。）”可知， 题干中说“should neither get angry （都不应该生气）”是不对的，故答案为Its important to keep your emotions under control, so when you get hurt, you should neither get angry nor do stupid things for revenge. According to the passage, ils okay fbr you to feel angry, just not out-of-conlrol angry.。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据客观事实，首先，我喜欢写下我的不好的感觉，这能让我放开它们，这样我就能更多地 关注让我快乐的事情。其次，当冲突发生时，公开谈论我的感受和想法会有帮助。故答案为1 manage my emotions in two ways. Firstly, I like writing down my bad feelings, which enables me to let