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1、2022年新高考英语全国卷阅读理解B篇篇章及语言深度解析2022年新高考英语全国卷阅读理解BLike most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝 麻菜)was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the
2、freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain, “ as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month,
3、s cover story. It s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away 一 from ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow
4、 it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”If that s hard to understand, let s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my
5、 arugula story all the time 一 but for him, it s more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donation
6、s and collecting blemished （有瑕疵的）produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries? Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just don t think. uEveryone can play a part in reducing waste, whethe
7、r by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won t eat. Curtin says.24. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?A. We pay little attention to food waste.B. We waste food unintentionally at times.
8、C. We waste more vegetables than meat.D. We have good reasons for wasting food.25. What is a consequence of food waste according to the text?A. Moral decline. B. Environmental harm.C. Energy shortage. D. Worldwide starvation.26. What does Curtin s company do?A. It produces kitchen equipment.B. It tu
9、rns rotten arugula into clean fuel.C. It helps local farmers grow fruits.D. It makes meals out of unwanted food.27. What does Curtin suggest people do?A. Buy only what is needed. B. Reduce food consumption.C. Go shopping once a week. D. Eat in restaurants答案与解析24. B根据问题的设问方式可以判断本题为推理判断题，根据第一 段 I try
10、to be mindful of food that goes to waste.可知作者 努力注意不浪费食物，But I ended up working late.But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much.但却因加班和与朋友聚餐，而 使得芝麻菜腐坏，有时还会买太多的事物，由此推断我们有时会在 无意间浪费食物。B选项中的unintentionally （无意地）与文中 的unthinkingly （不假思索地，轻率地）为近义词。25. B根据问题的设
11、问方式可以判断本题为事实细节类。根据第三 段中 Producing food that no one eats wastes the water an environmental problem.可知，食物浪费会造成环境问题。B 项符合题意。26. D根据问题的设问方式可以判断本题为事实细节类。根据第四 Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D. C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals.可知， Curtin的公司是回收人们不想要的食品并转化为健康的食物，所以
12、D项符合题意。27. A根据问题的设问方式可以判断本题为事实细节类。根据最后 一段 Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether byor byyou won t eat.可知,Curtin建议人们可以用 以下方式减少食物浪费，仅购买所需食品，要求餐馆不提供顾客不 吃的配菜，所以A项符合题意。一 .篇章结构分析：文章主旨：本文为夹叙夹议类文章，本文通过讲述食物浪费的现象, 由此所产生的危害，以及Mike Curtin为回收处理食物所做出的努 力，呼吁人们减少食物浪费。篇章结构：第一段：作者利用自己无意间浪费食物的故事，引入食物浪费的话
13、题。第二段：讲述人们存在着惊人的食物浪费现象。第三段：讲述食物浪费存在是巨大危害。第四段：Mike Curtin为回收利用食物所做出的努力。第五段：呼吁人们从自身日常生活做起，减少食物浪费。二 .文本语言分析：重难点词汇：熟词生义：1. I stuck the chicken in the freezer.我把鸡肉放进冰箱了。 stick v (stuck, stuck)(随便)摆放，放置. from “ugly” (but quite eatable)vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes throw
14、n into restaurant garbage cans, reject v (因质量不好而)废弃Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D. C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. 科廷 是位于华盛顿特区的中央厨房的首席执行官，该厨房回收食物，并 将其转化为健康的食物。recover v回收，重新利用collecting blemished (有瑕 疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in field
15、s.produce n农产品派生词合成词：1. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; unthinkingly adv 不加思考地(un-+thinking+ly) think 思考B. We waste food unintentiocany at times.unintentionally adv 无意地，非故意地 (un-+intention+-al+ly) intention n意图，目的，打算It s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away.ja
16、w-dropping adj令人惊愕的，令人瞠目的jaw n下巴drop掉落其它生词：freeze v 冷冻 freezer 冰箱 refrigerator 冰箱 resource n 资源 strawberry 草莓 donate v 捐赠 donation n 捐赠 purchase v 采购 consequence n 结果 shortage n 短缺 starvation n 饥饿 consumption n 消费，消耗重难点词块：be mindful of 考虑到，想着 go to waste 被浪费 round out 完 成end up doing最终做某事，以结束even wo
17、rse更糟糕的是a dinner invitation 请吃饭 go bad 变质 go hungry 挨饿 go against moral grain 违反道德准则 garbage cans 垃圾桶 an environmental problem 环境问题 greenhouse gas 温室气体 take donations接受捐赠play a part in在中起作用side dish配 菜，小菜 pay little attention to 不注意一 have good reasons for对某事有充足的理由makeout of用制作 长难句分析：1. It s jaw-drop
18、ping how much perfectly good food is thrown away 一 from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.句意：令人瞠目结舌的是，有多少极佳的食物被扔掉了一一从“丑 陋”(但还可以吃)的蔬菜被杂货店丢弃，到大量没吃完的菜被扔进 餐馆的垃圾桶。句式分析： 主句：It s jaw-dropping how much perfectly g
19、ood food is thrown away其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是how much perfectly good food is thrown awayo 破折号之后的内容是 对前面内容的补充说明。vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans 中 rejected by grocers 和 thrown into restaurant garbage cans为过去分词短语做后置定语修饰，分别修饰 vegetables 和 d
20、isheso“if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world. ” 句意：如果食物浪费是一个国家，它将是世界上第三大温室气体产 生国。”句式分析：这是条件句+主句的虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的情 况，if条件句中用过去时，主句用would+动词原形。2. aEveryone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessa
21、ry in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won t eat. Curtin says.句意：“每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周的 购物中不购买不必要的食物，还是要求餐馆不提供你不吃的配菜。” 科廷说。句式分析：引号内主句：Everyone can play a part in reducing waste,后面是由whetheror（无论还是）连接的两个方式 状语 by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping, by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won t eat,其中 you won t eat 是定语从句修饰 the side disho