《备战2023年高考英语一轮复习全国通用考点23 语法填空之无提示词（解析版）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《备战2023年高考英语一轮复习全国通用考点23 语法填空之无提示词（解析版）.docx（39页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、考点23语法填空之无提示词（解析版）【命题解读】语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形。同时强调语篇分析能 力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。无提示词的空处一般考查的是介、冠、连、代（代词也有可能给提示词）。【无提示词解题思维导图】解题步骤把握全文大意，为下一步填空做好“语意”上的准备，因为“语意”决定着空白 通读全文1处应填二个什么意思的词语从而进一步决定应该采用什么样的语法形式 理解根这是一个判断空白处应填词语的“语意”和正确的语法形式的思维过程。先忽略一 边读边填时无法确定的题目，在核查时联系上下文作答先易后难备考策略在语篇中训练考点在具体的语境和语篇中进行词汇、语法
2、知识的学习和应用加强记忆夯实基础动词的不规则变化、非谓语动词的形式、词性间的相互转换、单词的正确拼写等必须 记牢记准加强专项训练专项训练有助于总结规律，提高解题技能，增强应对此题型的能力“无提示词类”解题攻略导图1无提示词“二定”解题法代词介词 冠词 并列连词从属关联词其他语境填词it 的 用 法先定填哪类词再定填什么词人称代词物主代词反身代词指示代词不定代词介词的基本用法搭配中的介词不定冠词,a a定冠词theand, but,or, so,while,for等代词、关系副词定语从句关系连接副词 连词、连接代词、 名词性从句从属状语从句连接词词、情态动词 倒装句的助动强调句型的hat t固定
3、搭配或句型【解题步骤导图】A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步)40 days to Xian, as a first step 61 (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线)by foot.On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 62 lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties
4、in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 63 (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 64 friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.Cao and Wu also collected garbage
5、along the road, in order to promote environmental 65 (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 66 (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.In the last five years. Cao 67 (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in
6、2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africas68 (high) mountain.Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers 69 Xian to Kashgar on Sept. 20,70 (plan) to hike back to Xian in five months.【答案】61. to journey 62. who 63. held 64. A
7、 65. protection66. meaningful 67. has walked 68. highest 69. from 70. planning【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。【66题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的 第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作 后置定语。故填to journey。【62题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的
8、40个 城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为CaoShengkang,指人，在从句 中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。63题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这 条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided,所以hold应用非谓语动词 形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。【64题详解】考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个 朋友”，应用不定冠词，
9、friend以辅音音素开头，应用a,空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。65题详解】考查名词。句意：曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词environmental可 知，此处应用名词protection,作宾语，protection表示“保护”时，是不可数名词。故填protection。【66题详解】考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词 meaningful,作宾语补足语。故填meaningfulo67题详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗 山顶，这是非洲
10、最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语Cao为 第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。【68题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎 罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前AfHcas可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用 形容词最高级。故填highest。【69题详解】考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据 句意和Xian to Kashgar可知,此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词f
11、rom,固定搭配什omto表示 “从到。故填from。70题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西 安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew,所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间 为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。【真题3【2021年6月新高考1卷】Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles song The Long and WindingRoad1. is so breathtaking about t
12、he experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 2 (human) are.The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 3 (undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing abo
13、ut the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the 4 (hot) the spring! Strange, isnt it? But thats how nature is-always leaving us 5 (astonish).What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can*t help wondering how hard it 6 (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. T
14、hough it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure 7 offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 8 (ache) legs.As the song goes, this long and winding road nwill never disappear11, and it will always stick in the visitors memory. It sure
15、does in 9(I). While youre in China, Mount Huangshan is 10 must to visit!【答案】 What; humans ; undoubtedly ; hotter ; astonished ; was ; and ; aching ; mine ; a【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，去游览黄山时，作者想起甲壳虫乐队的流行歌曲蜿蜒长路，这条漫长 而曲折的道路永远留在游客的记忆中。【解析】1 ：考查名词性从句。分析题目，空格处无提示词。分子句子结构可知，is so breathing about the experience作is的主语，
16、为主语从句。从句中缺少主语，指代事情；且空格位于句首。故填What。2：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词应该作we的同位语，故应该填名词的复数形式。故填 humans o3：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空格所填词应该修饰动词help,故应用副词形式。Undoubted变副词， 直接在词尾加lyo故填undoubtedlyo4：考查形容词比较级。分析句子结构可知，此处考查the more. the more.的固定用法；所以空格处应 填形容词的比较级。故填hotter。5：考查非谓语动词。此句中含有“leavesb./sth. + adj结构，表示”使处于某种状态”。因为宾语us 与动词a
17、stonish为被动关系，此处应该过去分词形容词astonished作宾语补足语，说明人的感受，意为感 到吃惊的”。故填astonished。6：考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填谓语动词。根据空后的提示词then可知, 表示当时的情况，故此处谓语动词应用一般过去时；从句主语为it,是第三人称单数形式。故填was。7：考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，两个谓语动词highlights和offers之间缺少连接词进行连接；同 时，两个动作间为并列关系，所以应填并列连词。故填and。8：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，因为名词legs与动词ache为主动关系，所以此处应该填现在分
18、 词作定语修饰legSo故填aching。9：考查代词。根据提示词可知，句意为：这首歌必定会留在我的记忆中。句中it指代the song, does指代 动词sticks,空格处应指my memory,为了避免重复，用名词性物主代词来代替”形容词性物主代词+ 名词”。故填mine。10：考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，must为名词，表示”必须的事“，所以前应用冠词，且无特指。故填a。【真题4【2021年6月新高考2卷】Ive always loved the ocean. In the 36 (seven) grade,! started volunteering at the Monterey
19、 Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, 37 (think)it is food.I decided to do something 38 (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I
20、 learned of a company 39 used a lot of plastic, Fd send it an email urging it to cut back.One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws (吸 管).I found the contact information of the company 40 emailed its president. I told him how41 (harm) plastic c
21、ould be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so 42 (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, Id send an email. One of t
22、he biggest companies I wrote to 43 (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company 44 (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over 45 plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.【答案】36. seventh 37. thinking 38. to educate 39. which#that40. and41. harmful 42. excited 43. was 44
23、. representative 45. the【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己为了保护海洋，减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。【36题详解】考查序数词。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。表示“七年级”用序数词， 所以填seventho【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结构，2 (think)it is food用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词， 所以填thinkingo【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个
24、问题。分析句子结构，,3, (educate)people about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educateo【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使用 塑料。分析句子结构， 4 used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句,修饰先行词a company,关系词在 从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句，所以填which或that。【40题详解】考查连词。句意：我找到了这家公司的联系方式，并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“found”和“emailed”之间是 并列关系，
25、用and连接两个并列的谓语动词，所以填and。41题详解】考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹 句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形 式的形容词，所以填excitedo【43题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。根据定语从句的谓语 动词“wrote”可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of +形容词最高级+可数名词复数结 构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。
26、【44题详解】考查名词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该空作 句子主语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，所以填representative。【45题详解】考查冠词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。特指 “1200个航班的塑料杯”,用定冠词，所以填the。【真题52020.7海南卷】These days, it is not unusual for 10- to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites or for second and thir
27、d graders (begin) computer classes. At the same time, computer games are becoming increasingly popular as major publishing houses continue to develop 2 (education) computer programs for children in preschool. Also, technological know-how has become a 3 (require) for most jobs in an increasingly digi
28、tal world, as the computer has become a common tool in most 4 (profession).The Digital World is a set of volumes 5 aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. Each volume in the set explores 6 wide
29、range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, 7 discusses the influences they have on everyday life. Because the number of possible topics 8 (be) practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools and expla
30、in the basic principles of technology. Readers 9 (encourage) to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of 10 (we) Further Resources section featured in each volume.【答案】to begin ; educational ; requirement; professions ; that 或 which ; a ; and ; is ; are encouraged ; our 【解析】1 ：本文是一篇说
31、明文。文章主要介绍了数字世界丛书的出版的背景和目的等方面信息。考 查非谓语动词。句意：如今,10到12岁的孩子发布自己的网站，二年级和三年级学生开始上计算机课，这 些都很常见，本题考查1於S + 4+命口13.10(10 5由.结构，该结构it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式，故 答案为：to begin。2 ：考查形容词。句意：与此同时，电脑游戏越来越受欢迎，主要出版社继续为学前儿童开发教育电脑程 序。修饰名词computer programs,前用形容词形式，故答案为：educationalo3 ：考查名词，句意：此外，在日益数字化的世界中，技术知识已成为大多数工作的必备条件，因为计算 机已
32、成为大多数职业的通用工具，动词become后接名词作宾语，根据前面的不定冠词a可知，用名词的 单数形式，故答案为：requirement。4 ：考查名词的数。句意：此外，在日益数字化的世界中，技术知识已成为大多数工作的必备条件，因为 计算机已成为大多数职业的通用工具。名词profession为可数名词，根据前面的most修饰可知用复数形式， 故答案为：professionso5 ：考查定语从句。句意：数字世界是一套旨在描述数字系统如何影响社会并帮助读者理解数字系统的 本质及其众多交互部分的丛书。句中先行词为volumes,在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或 that引导，故答案为：
33、that/which。6 ：考查冠词。句意：系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料，解释数字系统的主要应用的基本概念，并讨论了 他们对日常生活的影响，arangeof一套，一系列，wide是以辅音音来发音开头，所以用不定冠词a。故答 案为:a。7 ：考查连词。句意：系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料，解释数字系统的主要应用的基本概念，并讨论了 他们对日常生活的影响，前后句为并列关系，所以用连词and,故答案为：ando8 ：考查主谓一致。句意：因为可能的主题的数量几乎是无限的，所以我们关注最有趣和最有用的应用程 序和工具的一个示例，并解释技术的基本原理。the number of.数量，后接可数名词的复数形式
34、，谓语动 词用单数。根据文章中的时态可知，用一般现在时，故答案为：is。9 ：考查语态，句意：我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界，并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。主语Readers 与encourage之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，根据文章中的时态可知，用一般现在时，故答案为：are encouraged o10 ：考查代词。句意：我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界，并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。修饰名词 Further Resourcessection,前用形容词性物主代词。故答案为：our。【真题6】【2020浙江卷7月】Some time after 10, 000 BC, people m
35、ade the first real attempt to control the world they lived , throughagriculture. Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on 2 could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.Farming produced more food per person 3 hunting and gatherin
36、g, so people were able to raise more children. And, as more children were born, more food 4(need). Agriculture gave people their first experienceof the power of technology 5 (change) lives.By about 6000 BC, people 6(discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later, they learnedto work wi
37、th the 7(season) , planting at the right time and, in dry areas, 8(make) use of annualfloods to irrigate (灌溉)their fields.This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then, with 9 rise of science, changes began. New methods 10(mean) that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or
38、so, these changes haveaccelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers (化月巴) have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.【答案】：in ; what; than ; was needed ; to change ; had discovered ; seasons ; making ; the ; meant 解析：1.文章大意：文章讲述了人类农业文明的发展史。考查介词。句意：公元前一万年后的一
39、段时间内， 人们第一次真正地试图通过农业控制他们所居住的世界。分析句子结构可知they live in作the world的定 语，live in the world居住在地球上，故填in。2 .考查名词性从句。句意：几千年来，他们开始越来越少地依赖于从野外狩猎或采集什么，而更多地依赖 于他们饲养的动物和他们播种的庄稼。分析句子结构可知本句为宾语从句该从句缺主语，根据句意可知表 示的东西，用what,故填what。3 .考查介词。句意：农业比狩猎和采集的人均粮食产量更高。前面有more,此处进行比较，故填than。4 .考查被动语态和一般过去时。句意：出生的人口数越多，需要的食物也就越多。此处
40、作谓语，食物和需 要之间是被动关系，结合前面were,此处用被动语态的过去式，故填was needed。5 .考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到科技改变生活的力量。该句子谓语是gave,故change 作非谓语，表示目的补充，用不定式，故填to change。6 .考查过去完成时。句意：到公元前6000年，人们发现了最适合种植的农作物和饲养的动物。By+过去的 时间，截止到过去，所以用过去完成时。故填had discovered。7 .考查名词复数。句意：后来，他们学会了与季节相适应，适时播种，在干旱地区利用每年的洪水灌溉农 田。结合句意，一年有四季，结合季节来播种，所以用复数。故填
41、seasons。8 .考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了与季节相适应，适时播种，在干旱地区利用每年的洪水灌溉 农田。此处make没有连词并列，也不是从句谓语，故作非谓语。与and前的planting并列，故填making。9 .考查定冠词。句意：随着科技的崛起，改变就此发生。后面有of限定，故此处是指定的上升，用定冠词 the,故填 the。10 .考查一般过去时。句意：新手段意味着在农场工作的人减少了。此处作谓语，结合前一句话的began和 本句话的worked,可知是一般过去时，陈述过去发生的事实或过去的看法评价，故填meant。【真题7【2020浙江卷1月】Something sig
42、nificant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median (中位数的)age of an American in 1950 (be) 30today it is 41 and is expected 2(increase) to 42 by 2050. For Japan,the 3 (number) are more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one in 12 people around the world were over
43、 65; by 2050, it will be one in six.This aging of the population is driven 4 two factors. The first is declining birth races, which means old generations are larger 5( compare ) to younger generations, and so, on average, the populationbecome 6(old) than before. This is 7(particular) true in the US.
44、 The second reason is that peopleare living longer. A child born in the US today has 8 very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should 9 (place) on longevity (长 寿). It isn*t just that people are, on
45、average, living longer. Its also that they are on average healthier 10 more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy. 【答案】： was ; to increase ; numbers ; by ; compared ; older ; particularly ; a ; be placed ; and解析：1 .考查谓语动词的变化
46、。根据本句时间标志in 1950,可知这里为一般过去时。故答案：为was。2考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。本句谓语为is expected,所以increase要用非谓语的形式。又根据固定搭配 be expected to do, 故答案： 为 to increaseo3 .考查名词复数。本句谓语为are,根据主谓一致原则，主语需要用复数形式。故答案：为numbers。4 .考查介词。根据本句谓语为is driven被动语态，译为”被驱使”，可知后面的介词为by。故答案：为by。5 .考查非谓语动词。根据本句old generations are large句子已经完整了，所以compare 相比
47、”要用非谓语 的形式，compare和逻辑主语old generations之间为被动的关系，所以要用过去分词done的形式。故答案： 为 compared o6 .考查形容词比较级。根据本句than可知该空为形容词比较级。故答案：为older。7 .考查副词词性转换。根据本句This is true in the USA,句子已经完整了，应填入副词，所以形容词particular 需要转化为副词particularly。故答案：为particularly。8 .考查冠词。第一次出现的单数名词前需要加不定冠词，又very为辅音音素开头。故答案：为a。9考查谓语动词的变化。根据本句主语atten
48、tion,与本句谓语place之间为被动的关系，所以需要用被动语 态be done的形式。又前面有个情态动词should,其后应加动词原形。故答案：为be placed。10.考查连词。根据本空前后都为形容词的比较级，故这里应该填并列连词。又因为healthier和more productive不存在转折含义，为递进关系。故答案：为and。【真题8】【2020全国1卷】China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Change-4 probe (探测器)一the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess- (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. L