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1、考点38.完形填空记叙文（15空）（重难题型）全国卷对完形填空的考查，近几年来一直以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，以说明文和议论文为辅。从选 材到试题的设置都呈现出“稳中有变”的特点：1 .题材相对稳定：文章的选材都是中学生熟悉的话题，能够传递正能量，弘扬社会主义核心价值观, 读后能给考生带来心灵的启迪。且文章大多原汁原味，语言地道，注重思想性和教育性，具有积极的教 育意义，体现出了课程标准中对培养学生的情感、态度和价值观的要求。2 .文章短小精悍：完形填空的文章长度一般为250词左右，结构完整，脉络清晰，难度适中，全文设 置20个空格，要求考生根据文章的整体内容，从层次结构和上下文的逻辑关系方面选
2、择符合文章情节的 选项，很少涉及纯语法知识试题。3 .稳定中有变化:近几年高考完形填空在选项的设置上，打破了传统的四个选项类别一致的命题规律。题型解读：记叙文是记人叙事的文章，它主要是用于说明事件的时间、背景、起因、过程及结果，即我们通常所 说的五个” W ”（ what, who, when, where, why ）和一个” H （ how ）。记叙文的重点在于“述说“和“描写”,因此 一篇好的记叙文要叙述条理清楚，描写生动形象。1 .叙述的人称英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳 所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过我来传达给读者
3、，使人读后感到真实可信，如身临其境。 如：The other day, I was driving along the street. Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast.I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side. But it was too late. The car hit my bike and I fell off it.用第三人称叙述，优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制，而是通过作者与读者之 外
4、的第三者，直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前，文章的客观性很强。如：Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard. On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover. Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short. What could he do? Then h
5、e had a good idea.2 .动词的时态在记叙文中，记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高，且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词 的过去的，这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变 化，正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。3 .叙述的顺序记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙，都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。 顺叙最容易操作，较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙, 读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果，让所叙之事跌宕起伏，使
6、【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在去年7月的一次妈妈和孩子们的聚会上，Jones 一会儿还在看着Eric 和其他孩子玩耍。A. encounter 遭遇；B. union 结合；C. gathering 聚会；D. game 游戏。根据One moment Jones was watching Eric play around with the other children”可知，事情发生在妈妈和孩子们的聚会上。故选C。17 .【答案】A【解析】考查名词动词词义辨析。句意：接着他就消失得无影无踪了。A. trace痕迹；B.symptom症状； C. footprint 足迹；D. signa
7、l 信号。 根据“She turned to her friend Machel Rawlings and asked/ Have you seen Eric?”可知,Eric不见了，消失的无影无踪。故选A。18 .【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:Rawlings站起来，扫视着池塘，突然尖叫起来。A. found发现;B. examined 检查；C. fixed 修理；D. scanned 扫描、审视。根据“the pool and suddenly screamed.“可知，Rawlings 为了 寻找Eric,站起起来扫了一眼游泳池，然后突然尖叫起来。故选D。19 .【答案】A
8、【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:Eric被发现时脸朝下漂浮在深水区。A. floating漂浮;B. lying躺;C.sinking 下沉；D. diving潜水。根据face down in the deep end.”可知，Eric被发现时漂浮在深水区。故选A。20 .【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接下来发生的事情是典型的教科书式的反应：Rawlings跳入泳池, 抓住男孩，把他翻过来，然后游到泳池尽头。A. initial开始的；B. typical典型的;C.creative创造的；D. effective 有效的。根据“textbook response和As Raw
9、lings dived in the pool, grasped the boy,6 him over andswam him to the end.”可知，Rawlings拯救Eric 一系列的动作是典型的教科书式的反应。故选B。21 .【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来发生的事情是典型的教科书式的反应：Rawlings跳入泳池，抓 住男孩,把他翻过来，然后游到泳池尽头。A. rolled翻滚；B.knocked敲；C.checked检查；D. ran跑。roll sb over 表示“把某人翻过来。根据As Rawlings dived in the pool, graspe
10、d the boy,可知Rawlings 救助落水 小孩的一系列动作，跳下泳池，抓住孩子，把他翻转过来，并把他推到岸边。故选A。22 .【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在泳池边，Rawlings把Eric交给了他的母亲。他的皮肤发紫，没有呼 吸。A. point 点；B. edge 边缘；C. stage 舞台;D. boundary 边界。根据and swam him to the end”可知，此 处应指泳池边缘。故选B。23 .【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Roth挂了电话，从Rawlings手中接管心肺复苏的工作，她以前是 一名空姐，积累了足够的经验。A. ac
11、cessible可进入的；B. apparent明显的；C. sufficient足够的；D. significant 重要的。根据“Roth, a former flight attendant”可知，Roth之前是一名空姐，之前她已经积累了足够的经验。 故选C。24 .【答案】D【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Roth挂了电话，从Rawlings手中接管心肺复苏的工作，她以前 是一名空姐,积累了足够的经验。A. took up从事；B. took in接受;C took place发生；D. took over接管, 接受，接替，接任。根据“Roth, a former flight
12、attendant whod accumulated 8 experience before J 可知，Roth接替Rawling继续接管做心肺复苏的工作。故选D。25 .【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：漫长的三分钟过去了，Roth对着Eric的嘴呼吸，并进行胸部按压，而 Rawlings 和 Jones 则在监控他的情况。A. performing 表现；执行;B. working 工作；C. testing 测试;D. stretching 伸展。根据“chest compressions（按压）”可知，Roth一边往Eric的口中吹气，一边执行挤压执行他的胸膛。 故选Ao.【答
13、案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：漫长的三分钟过去了，Roth对着Eric的嘴呼吸，并进行胸部按压，而 Rawlings 和 Jones 则在监控他的情况。A. maintained 维持；B. monitored 监控；C. adapted 适应；D. generated 产生。 根据Three long minutes went by with Roth breathing into Eric，s mouth and 10 chestcompressions（按压）”可知，当Roth 一边对Eric施救的时候，Rawlings and Jones则观察和监控Eric的身体 状况。故选B
14、。26 .【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，他的脸色恢复了，当救护车到达现场时，Rawlings看着Roth。 A. faded 变淡；B. changed 改变；C. returned 返回；D. revealed 显示。根据前文“His skin was blue and wasnt breathing”可知，Eric的皮肤变青了。后来经过急救，颜色逐渐恢复了正常。故选C。27 .【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，他的脸色恢复了，当救护车到达现场时，Rawlings看着Roth。 A. pool 游泳池；B. scene 现场；C. route 路线；D.
15、venue 场所。根据and as the ambulance was arriving”可矢口， 救护车到达现场。故选B。28 .【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些女人的果断行动救了 Eric的命。A. courage勇气；B. kindness善 良；C. persistence 坚持；D. decisiveness 坚决；果断。根据“with which the women acted saved Erics lifb.”及 上文可知，三个妇女在救人的时候非常果断。故选D。29 .【答案】D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她只是说：“他们做的每件事都是对的。 A. actua
16、lly实际上；B. fairly 相当地；C. finally 最终；D. simply 仅仅、只是。根据“Emma Jones found any words seemed powerless.可知， 不知道如何表达对两位朋友的感激之情。所以她直接说，她们做的分毫不差。故选D。Close 3（2022山东莱州市第一中学三模）Near my house is a library. As an enthusiastic reader, the idea to be surrounded by books itself is31, So I volunteered to 32 it, managi
17、ng books. But never had Irealized reading had such 33 until I met an old lady.One day I was arranging books when I heard a lady 34 something at the information desk, where I went to give 35, She was in her 70s with a beautiful smile.After communication, I was 36 that she came to take the membership.
18、 Without family, she had37 her house and settled in a nursing home, living off 38 the interest from her savings account. Her love of reading, even at such an age, never 39, Her confidence, whenever she 40 reading, livened her up.The membership was 41 for her, so I explained the fee. She didnt hesita
19、te to open her purse and42 for the amount. Noticing her 43 look, I offered to pay fbr her but she insisted, Til come and pay tomorrow. I failed to 44 her. The next day she returned, paid up and got her membership card. When I4545took her into the world of books, her eyes shone with excitement. She b
20、ecame a regular visitor, one Idevery few days.Now her cute smile in my mind still reminds me of the magic of reading.31.A. appealingB creativeC. accurateD. unbelievable32.A , rewardB. joinC. sponsorD. visit33.A. possibilityB. powerC. hardshipD. value34.A. approving ofB. giving awayC. inquiring about
21、D. showing off35.A. assistanceB , attentionC. resultsD. regards36.A. amusedB. concernedC. relievedD. surprised37.A. donatedB , mendedC purchasedD. sold38.A. barelyB. purposefullyC. merelyD. secretly39.A. beganB. continuedC. deepenedD. lessened40.A. consideredB practicedC. mentionedD. recommended41.A
22、. costlyB informalC. unreasonableD. risky42.A. arrangeB. checkC. askD, pray43.A. confusedB gratefulC. uneasyD. considerate44.A. declineB convinceC. impressD. satisfy45.A. expectB. interviewC. questionD. recognize【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在图书馆遇到了一位热爱阅读的女士，作者意识到了阅读的力 量。30 .【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个热情的读者，被书包
23、围的想法本身就是有吸引力的。A.appealing有吸引力的;B.creative创造性的；C.accurate精确的;D.unbelievable难以置信的。根据下文“SoI volunteered to 2 it, managing books.”可知，作者认为被书包围是有吸引力的。故选A项。31 .【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我自愿加入那里，管理书籍。A. reward奖励；B.join加入；C. sponsor 赞助；D. visit参观。根据下文“managing books”可知，作者自愿加入，去管理书籍。故选B项。32 .【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意
24、：但直到我遇到一位年长的女士，我才意识到阅读有如此强大的力量。A. possibility 可能性；B. power 力量；C. hardship 困难；D. value 价值。根据下文“Her confidence, whenever she 10 reading, livened her up.”可知，此处表示遇到年长的女士之后，作者意识到阅读的力量。故选B项。33 .【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天，我正在整理书籍，突然听到一位女士在问讯处询问一些事情， 我去问讯处提供帮助。A. approving of 赞成;B. giving away 赠送；C. inquiring
25、about 询问；D. showing off 炫耀。根据下文“something at the information desk”可知，一位女士在问询处询问一些事情。故选C项。34 .【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，我正在整理书籍，突然听到一位女士在问讯处询问一些事情， 然后我去问讯处提供帮助。A. assistance帮助；B. attention注意；C. results结果；D. regards问候。根据上 文“One day I was arranging books when I heard a lady 4_ something at the informatio
26、n desk, where I went to give”可知，作者听到一位女士询问一些事情，作者去提供帮助。故选A项。35 .【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经过沟通，我很惊讶她来是为了获得会员资格。A. amused好笑的； B. concerned 担心的；C. relieved 放心的；D. surprised 惊讶的。根据下文“Without family, she had 7 herhouse and settled in a nursing home, living off 8 the interest from her savings account.”可知，作者了
27、解至女士的情况后，很惊讶对方是来获得会员资格的。故选D项。36 .【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于没有家人，她卖掉了房子，在一家养老院安顿下来，只靠储蓄账 户的利息过活。A. donated捐赠；B. mended修补；C. purchased购买；D. sold出售。根据上文“Without family” 以及下文“settled in a nursing home”可知，此处表示女士卖掉了她的房子。故选D项。37 .【答案】C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：由于没有家人，她卖掉了房子，在一家养老院安顿下来，只靠储蓄账 户的利息过活。A. barely几乎不；B.purpos
28、efully有意地；C.merely仅仅；D.secretly秘密地。根据下文“the interest from her savings account”可知，女士仅仅靠储蓄账户的利息过活。故选C项。38 .【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使在这样的年龄，她对阅读的热爱也从未减弱。A. began开始；B. continued 继续;C. deepened 加深;D. lessened 减弱。根据上文“she came to take the membership”可知,女 士对于阅读的热爱从未减弱。故选D项。39 .【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当她提到阅读时，她
29、的自信使她活跃起来。A. considered考虑；B. practiced 实践；C. mentioned 提至ll； D. recommended 推荐。根据上文Her love of reading, even at such an age, never 9.”可知，此处表示当女士提到阅读时，她的自信使她活跃起来。故选C项。40 .【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：会员费对她来说很贵，所以我解释了费用。A. costly昂贵的；B. informal 非正式的；C. unreasonable 不合理的；D. risky 有风险的。根据上文“she had 7 her house
30、 and settled in a nursing home, living off 8 the interest from her savings account.”可知,女士仅仅靠储蓄账户的利息过活，所以此处表示会员费对她而言是昂贵的。故选A项。41 .【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她毫不犹豫地打开钱包，查看金额。A. arrange安排；B.check查看; Cask询问；D. pray祈祷。根据下文“for the amount .”以及语境可知，此处表示女士打开钱包查看金额。故 选B项。42 .【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：注意到她不安的表情，我主动提出付钱
31、给她，但她坚持说：“我明 天来付钱。A. conflised困惑的；B. grateful感激的；C.uneasy不安的；D. considerate体贴的。根据下文“I offered to pay for her but she insisted, Fil come and pay tomorrow.可知，此处表示女士的钱不够，所以女士 脸上出现了不安的表情。故选C项。43 .【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没能说服她。A. decline减少；B. convince说服；C.impress使钦佩; D. satisfy 满足。根据下文“The next day she ret
32、urned, paid up and got her membership card.”可知，作者没能说 服女士，为她付钱。故选B项。44 .【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她成了常客，成了每隔几天我就会期待的一个人。A. expect期望；B. interview 面试；C. question 质询；D. recognize 辨别出。根据上文“But never had I realized reading had such 3 until I met an old lady.”可知，作者从女士身上意识到了阅读的力量，所以作者会期待女士到 来。故选A项。Close 4（2022重庆
33、一中模拟预测）Last spring, when the first lock-down began, the task to check in daily on my elderly mother fell to me. Mum was 88 and lived on her own. At the very beginning, I wasnt sure how the45 would go. Mum and I agreed long ago that we have 47 personalities. Even as I crossed my fifties, our differen
34、ces still present 48.Initially, I 49 my visits to coincide with the Greek game shows she watches every afternoon on satellite TV. The ice-breaker worked: soon we found ourselves 50 the same contestants or comparing appeal of the various hosts. Mum became 51 with my ability to find out information al
35、most instantly on my smart phone. What I 52 when we turned away from the TV, however, was that my mother knew things Google didnt. Soon, I set aside my 53 and made mum my search engine. My mother 54 revealed family histories I wasnt aware of. I was 55 and soon I was visiting twice a day.When wc were
36、nt addressing the long list of household 56、wc planned the days menu and went fbrwalks down the street. Sometimes, we continued our open-ended 57 until midnight. One night at bed time, she 58 me and said, Now, Ive learned your character. I found myself struggling to keep from choking up.With pandemi
37、c restrictions still in place, my sessions with mum have become the 59 of my day. Some days I drop by as many as three times. While Physical distancing may keep people away, it may also 60those afar.46. A. visitsB , adventuresC. daysD. dates47. A. similarB , normalC. negativeD. opposite48. A. failur
38、esB, accessesC. challengesD. solutions49. A. approvedB timedC - forgotD. canceled50. A. helpingB , supportingC. denyingD. ignoring51. A. disappointedB. boredC. relaxedD. fascinated52. A. rememberedB. decidedC. discoveredD. believed53. A. phoneB. workC. penD. show54. A. stillB. evenC. onlyD. ever55.
39、A. hookedB. forgivenC. understoodD. woken56. A. guestsB. dutiesC. meetingsD. requirements57. A. chatsB. questionsC. argumentsD. fights58. A. looked forB. ran acrossC. turned toD. thought of59. A. worryB. jobC. creditD. highlight60. A. limitB. bondC. changeD. transport【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述在疫情期间，性格截然不同的母亲
40、和作者对彼此了解更深的故事。46 .【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我不确定探望会进行得怎么样。visits拜访；B.adventures 冒险；C.days 天；D.dates 日期。根据上文“Mum was 88 and lived on her own.以及下文第二段的“my visits” 可知，作者母亲是独居的，作者去“拜访”符合语境。故选A项。47 .【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和妈妈很久以前就认同我们性格截然不同。Asimilar相似的；normal 正常的；C.negative 消极的；D.opposite 相反的。根据后文“our diff
41、erences still present 3 ”可 知，作者和母亲的性格相反的。故选D项。48 .【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使在我五十多岁的时候，我们的分歧仍然存在挑战。A.failures失败； B.accesses 接近；C.challenges 挑战；D.solutions 解决。根据上文“Even as I crossed my fifties, our differences still present”可知，即使作者50多岁了，他和母亲的分歧特很大，challenge考验；挑战”符合语境。故选C 项。49 .【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，我安排
42、的探望时间与她每天下午在卫星电视上观看的希腊游戏 节目重合。A.approved赞成；B.timed安排时间；C.forgot忘记;D.canceled取消。根据后文“to coincide with the Greek game shows she watches every afternoon on satellite TV”可知，我把探望时间安排在下午的时间。故 选B项。50 .【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：破冰成功了：很快，我们发现自己在支持同一位选手，或者比较不同 主持人的吸引力。A.helping帮助;B.supporting支持;C.denying否认;D.ignor
43、ing忽略。根据“he same contestants or comparing appeal of the various hosts”可知，此时作者和母亲观点一致。故选 B 项。51 .【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：妈妈对我几乎可以立即在智能手机上找到信息的能力着迷。A.disappointed 失望的；B.bored 无聊的；C.relaxed 放松的；D.fascinated 着迷的。根据上文The ice-breaker worked: soon we found ourselves 5 the same contestants or comparing appeal
44、 of the various hosts.”以及后 文“with my ability to find out information almost instantly on my smart phone”可推知，我和母亲的关系变得更 好了，母亲被我能在智能手机上即时找到信息的能力吸引住了。故“着迷的”符合语境。故选D项。52 .【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我们离开电视时，我发现我母亲知道谷歌所不知道的事情。 A.remembered 记住；B.decided 决定；C.discovered 发现；D.believed 相信。根据后文“when we turned aw
45、ay from the TV, however, was that my mother knew things Google didnt”可知，这是作者对母亲有了 更多的认识。故选 C项。53 .【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，我把手机放在一边，让妈妈成为我的搜索引擎。A.phone电话； B.work工作；C.pen笔；D.show节目。根据后文“made mum my search engine”可知,作者把手机放在了一 边。故选A项。54 .【答案】B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我母亲甚至透露了我不知道的家族史。A.still仍然；B.even甚至；C.only 仅仅
46、；D.ever 曾经。 根据上文“when we turned away from the TV, however, was that my mother knew things Google didnt”以及后文“revealed family histories I wasnt aware oF可知，母亲甚至给我透露了我之前未曾 了解的家族史。故选B项。55 .【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被吸引了，很快我就一天去两次。A.hooked吸引；B.forgiven原谅； C.understood理解；D.woken唤醒。根据后文“soon I was visiting twic
47、e a day”可知，作者被吸引住了，想去 听母亲说更多的事情。故选A项。56 .【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们不处理一长串家务时，我们计划一天的菜单，然后沿街散步。 A.guests 客人；B.duties 责任；C.meetings 会议；D.requirements 要求。根据后文“we planned the days menu” 可知，他们在处理家庭事务。故选B项。57 .【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时，我们会一直聊到午夜。A.chats聊天；B.questions问题；C.arguments 争论；D.fights 打架。根据后文“One nigh
48、t at bed time, she13 me and said, “Now, Ive learned yourcharacter.可知，他们聊天至深夜。故选A项。58 .【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天晚上睡觉的时候，她转向我说：“现在，我已经了解了你的性 格。A.looked for 寻找；B.ran across 跑过；C.turned to 转到；D.thought of 认为。根据后文“me and said”可 知，母亲转向”作者，然后跟作者说话符合语境。故选C项。59 .【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于流行病的限制仍然存在，我与母亲的谈话已成为我一天中的亮