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1、202L2022学年广东省潮州市高二（上）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AJournalists are the professionals that are responsible for bringing all up-to-date information to readers from every corner of the world.By delivering their voice, many famous journalists have earned worldwide fame. Joseph PulitzerAccording to Josep
2、h Pulitzer, if a nation can be seen as a large ship at sea, the journalists are its watchkeepers who report hidden dangers to make sure the safe journey of the ship.He worked for the St.Louis Post-Dispatch and The World.He is known to the world as the Grandfather of Modern Journalism”.Margaret Bourk
3、e WhiteMargaret Bourke White is known as the first female war journalist and a skilled photo-journalist.She did some outstanding work by creating a photographic record of World War and the Great Depression.She was the only photo-joumalist who was permitted to work in combat zone by the US army to re
4、port the war. Carl BernsteinCarl Bernstein is one of the most famous American investigative journalist, and he has proved the saying, “The pen is more powerful than swordn.Carl worked with another great journalist Bob Woodward at The Washington Post.They brought about a revolution in the US by worki
5、ng together on the Watergate scandal （丑闻），which led to President Richard Nixons resignation.This let The Washington Post receive aPulitzer Prize for Public Service inl973.Anna QuindlenAnna Quindlens love for journalism gave her a kick-start from her high school where she worked for her high school p
6、aper.Later, she went on to write interesting and in demand columns （专栏）like Hers”, Public and Private1 and many more for The New York Times, which won her the Pulitzer Prize in 1992.This is the reason why she is known as the Voice of the Baby Boomers.1 . Who has contributed most to modern journalism
7、 ? A. Joseph Pulitzer.B. Margaret Bourke White.C. Carl Bernstein.D. Anna Quindlen.a visitor in her never-ending questions. HWhat is your name? Where do you live? Why are your clothes so dirty? ”The homeless-looking man laughed as he answered each question.His name was Mr.Locket and he lived at the f
8、ar corner of the neighbourhood.His wife had passed away several years before, and his children all lived far away.He was lonely.His need for company had sent him door to door selling fruit and vegetables.Ours was the only door opened to him that day.注意：1续写词数应为150左右。2 .请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。When he finis
9、hed the tea, he said he had to go home and promised to return the next day.Several years later, a small envelope was delivered to our home-a letter from the old mans daughter.(1)答案和解析13.【答案】A、B、C【解析】(1) A.细节理解题。根据第二段 He is known to the world as the Grandfather of Modern Journalism”.他被誉为“现代新闻业的鼻祖二可知，
10、Joseph Pulitzer对现代新闻业的贡献最大。故选 Ao(2) B.细节理解题。根据第三段 Margaret Bourke-White is known as the first female war journalist and a skilled photo-journalist.Margaret Bourke-White是第一位战地女记者，也是一位摄影记者；以及最 后一段 Anna Quindlerfs love for journalism gave her a kick-start from her high school where she worked for her h
11、igh school paper.Anna Quindlen对新闻事业的热爱让她从高中为高中校报工作起步。可知， 文章提到了两位女记者。故选B。(3) C.推理判断题。根据第一段 Journalists are the professionals (专业人士)that are responsible for bringing all up-to-date information to readers from every comer of the world.By delivering their voice, many famous journalists have earned world
12、wide fame .新闻工作者是负责向世界各地的读者提供最新 信息的专业人士。许多著名的记者通过发表他们的声音而赢得了世界声誉。结合文章主要介绍四 位著名的记者。由此可推知，文章最有可能出现在报纸的“人物”版面。结合选项A.Science科学;B.Entertainment 娱乐；C.Figure.人物；D.Service.服务。故选 C。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了新闻工作者是负责向世界各地的读者提供最新信息的专业人士。 许多著名的记者通过发表他们的声音而赢得了世界声誉。文章主要介绍四位著名的记者。做这类题材的阅读理解时要求考生对文章先通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相 关语句
13、进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上进行合理地分 析，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。47.【答案】A、D、B、A【解析】(1)A,细节理解题.根据第一段中Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone!”在 他意识到这一点之前，尼古拉斯一个人迷路了.可知Nicholas迷路了.故选A.(2) D.细节理解题.根据文章第二段以及第四段第一行，Nicholas built a snow cave尼古拉斯建 了 一个雪洞以及to stay as warm as he could尽可能保持温暖，可知，Nicholas保持
14、温暖的方式是建 了一个雪洞.故选D(3) B.细节理解题.I艮据第六段，He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him.他走了大约一英里后，一个志愿搜索者发现了他.可知，星期二的时候，Nicholas被一名志 愿搜索者救了.故选B.(4) A.推理判断题.根据文章最后一段中的he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay
15、 alive”尼古拉斯成功了，这让他印象深刻，因为他比任何人都清楚尼古拉斯为了活下去必须付出多大的 努力.可知Grylls这个人想表达，一个小男孩能在如此困难的情况下成功的逃生是难能可贵的， 只有A项：在危险的情况下做了正确的事，可以表达此意.故选A.本文是一篇人物故事类阅读，属于记叙文，星期天上午Nicholas去滑雪，一场暴风雪使他迷路了， 迷路后他在危险的状况下正确地保护自己，最终在星期二被发现并得救.本文以此展开谈论，主 要讲述了 Nicholas迷路并得救的故事.阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或
16、根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释.考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点.811 .【答案】B、C、C、D【解析】(1)B.段落大意题。通过第一段我们可以得知作者列出很多人认为成功的因素，如“Some people are born into the right family while others are born with great intelligence”出生在好的家庭， 天 赋异禀，可得知本段主要在讲一些成功的因素，故选B。此外根据上下文意思和排除法，不难得 出答案是原因。其他meaning (意义)，standards (标准)，im
17、portance (重要性)都不正确。故 选B。(5) D.细节理解题。根据第三段的 this is a big reason why,nIf you don*t enjoy what you do, it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you quit well before you ever become good at it. 可知答案的关键是this.而this指代的内容刚好是与时间(To become great at certain things, itll require even more
18、time, time that most people won*t put in.)有关。属于原词重现。故选 D。(6) C.推理判断题。根据第四段When you see people exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great success, you know that they have put in a huge part of their life to getthere at a huge cost.(当你看到人们展示了 一些伟大的 技能或取得了巨大的成功，你就知道他们付出了巨大的生命的一部分，以达到这一点，付出了巨
19、 大的代价。)可知，有时人们需要以生命为代价来换取成功，故选C。(7) D.主旨大意题。可通过文章最后一段主题句Whatever you do , if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out, almost to the point of addiction, and over a long period of time. 心不管你做什么，如果你想成为一个伟大的人，你需要日复一日地工作，几乎到了上瘾的程度， 而且还要长期工作。”以及文章多次提到要花费时间和精力。可知一个人没有时间和实践是不可能 成
20、功的。ABC项都是以偏概全。故选D。本文是一篇说明文，介绍了天赋、运气和环境对成功固然重要，但要想成功首先要树立目标，然 后花大量的时间学习和实践，并且坚持下去。考查日常生活类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。1215,【答案】C、B、D、D【解析】（1） C.推理判断题。根据原文首段中的To form a picture of this,you may want to imagine the story of Jack and the Beanstalk （豆茎）.（为了更好地理解这个故事，你可以想象一下杰克和 魔豆的故事。）可知，作者提到杰克和魔豆的故
21、事是为了帮助渎者在脑中想象太空梯的样 子。故选C。（2） B.细节理解题。根据原文第二段中的 People will be able to travel up and down this elevator by the year 2020.（到2030年，人们将能够在这个电梯上上下下地旅行。）可知，在不久的将来，太 空梯就可以投入使用了。故选B。（3） D.词义猜测题。根据原文第二段 When they arrive,space tourists will be inside a space station and will be able to stay there.There are ot
22、her alternatives,too.Astronomers think it will be easy to travel from the space station to the moon,where space tourists can stay in a moon hotel -which is now being designed.（当他们到达时，太空游客将进入一个空间站，并能够呆在那里。还有 O天文学家认为，从空间站到月球旅行将很容易，游客到了太空后可以待在空间站或者人住月球宾馆。）因此， alternatives意思是：可供选择的。结合选项：A.Advantages.优点；
23、B.Purposes.目的；C.Entries.进入； D.Choices.选择。故选 D。（4） D.观点态度题。根据原文第三段内容 The future looks bright for space tourists.lt also looks bright for industry and scientists.Mining companies will travel to space to mine elements （元素）that are rare on Earth. . .where we can use it to heat our homes and meet our ene
24、rgy needs.（太空游客的未来是光明 的。对工业和科学家来说，这也是一个光明的前景。矿业公司将前往太空开采地球上稀有的元素。 能源科学家将前往太空建立太空太阳能电池板，从太阳收集大量的能量，并将其发射回地球，在 那里我们可以用它来为我们的家庭供暖，满足我们的能源需求。）作者在末段提到太空梯将给人 类生活带来种种益处，由此可知，他对太空梯持肯定和乐观态度。结合选项：A.Worried.担心的； B.Doubtful.怀疑的；CCriticaL评判的；D.Positive.积极的。故选 D。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了太空梯。Bryan Laubscher是世界领先的物理学家，他有一项叫太
25、空梯的发明。物理学家们正在设计一种电缆，它可以被拉进太空，连接到一个空间站，人们可以 通过这个电缆到太空旅游。阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有 标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料； 其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后， 带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强 的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求， 才能做到稳、准。1620.【答案】E、A、G、C、D【
26、解析】（1） E.推理判断题。根据后文Here is what you can do when supporting someone whos struggling with their mental health.（以下是你在支持那些正在与心理健康作斗争的人时可以做的事 情。）”可知，前句描写的是支持那些正在与心理健康作斗争的人的有一定困难，下文要引出解决 方法。E challenging to know what to say or do （知道该说什么或做什么很有挑战性。）” 符合题意，故选E。（5） C.标题判断题。本空是小标题，Jo 3tHInstead of making assu
27、mptions about what would be helpful to your loved one, ask them directly, nHow can I support you? n （不要假设什么对你所爱的 人有帮助，直接问他们：我怎么支持你？）可知，本段讲述的办法是直接问他们需要你做什么。 A选项Ask what they need from you （问他们需要你做什么。）”符合题意，故选A。（6） G.细节理解题。根据前文Instead of using a common phraselm here if you need me”，try to be specific
28、about what youre offering.（不要使用常见的短语”如果你需要我，我就会在这里，试着 详细说明你所提供的东西。）”可知，本段讲述的是帮助人要具体的行动。G选项”Visiting them, look round and see what you can do-like wedding （拜访他们，环顾四周，看看你能做些什么-比如 婚礼。）”符合题意，故选G。（7） A.细节理解题。根据前文Celebrate their wins, including the small ones （庆祝他们的胜利, 包括小的胜利。）”可知，本段讲述的是要庆祝他们的成就。C选项So che
29、er on their accomplishments（所以为他们的成就欢呼吧。）”符合题意，故选C。（8） D.细节理解题。根据前文Read up on what theyre struggling with (仔细研究他们所面临的 困难。)”可知,本段讲述的是要去了解他们的问题。D选项You can learn about mental illness (你 可以了解精神疾病。)”符合题意，故选D。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了支持一个正在与心理健康作斗争的朋友的方法。“七选五”这样的题型，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理 解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是
30、1.理清文章的逻辑和结构，2.在所给的原文中找出关 键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮 助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项。得出正确的答案。21 35.【答案】B、A、B、C、D、A、D、A、C、B、C、B、D、A、C【解析】(1) B.考查副词及语境理解。A.still仍然;B.even甚至；C.ever永远，曾经;D.so因此。 根据前文We enjoyed the same things,laughed at the same jokes”可知她们甚至同样热爱向日葵。故 选B。(2) A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.delight考高兴的;
31、B.annoyed恼怒的；C.embarrassed尴尬的; D.frightened 害怕的，受惊的。根据上文When I first met Molly,she became my best friend at once. M 可知她们很高兴能找到彼此成为朋友。故选A。(3) B.考查名词及语境理解。A.office办公室;B.class班级，阶级；Chouse房子；D.city城市。 根据下文It seemed as if we were being put to a test.和At school,sometimes I tried to (7) her” 可知 中学开始，她们就不在同
32、一个班级了。故选B。(4)C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.strange奇怪的，陌生的；B.modern现代的；C.new新的；D.curious 好奇的。 根据下文Molly started to hang out with a new group of people and was growing very popular/1 可知她们各自都交了新朋友。故选C。(5) D.考查动词及语境理解。A.paid支付；B.lost失去;C.wasted浪费；D.spent度过,花费。根 据上文Molly started to hang out with a new group of people”可
33、知她们在一起的时间更少了。故选D。(6) A.考查副词及语境理解。A.seldom很少；B.usually通常；C.completely完全地，彻底地；D.totally 完全地。根据上文We (5) less time together”可知她们甚至很少通电话了。故选A。(7) D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.lookat看着；B.search for寻找,搜索；C.callon拜访，号召, 请求；D.talk to与谈话，责备。根据下文but one of her new friends would come up”可知有时作 者想和莫莉说话。故选D。(8) A.考查动词及语境理解。A.w
34、alk步行；B.keep保持；C.break打破；D.do做，表现。根据“leaving me alone”可知莫莉和新朋友一起走开，留下作者一人。故选A。(9) C.考查连接词及语境理解。A.how如何；B.why为什么；C.whether是否；D.where在的地 方。根据后文1 should give her a phone call”可知作者不知道该不该给莫莉打个电话。故选Co(10) B.考查名词及语境理解。A.puzzle谜;B.relief减轻，安慰；C.panic惊慌;D.disappointment 失望，沮丧。根据we were friends again”可知令作者欣慰的
35、是，当只有她们两个人在电话里聊天 时，她们又成了朋友。短语t。ones relief,意为“令某人欣慰的是二故选B。(11) C.考查名词及语境理解。A.radio收音机；B.paper纸；C.phone手机;D.air空气。根据上 文1 was confused about (9)1 should give her a phone call. ”可知当只有她们两个人在电话里聊天时， 她们又成了朋友。故选C。(12)B.考查动词及语境理解。A.asked要求，询问；B.explained解释；C.announced宣布；D.observed 观察，遵守。根据 how Iwas feeling”
36、可知作者说出了她的感受，此处explained理解为说出自己的 感受。故选B。(13) D.考查动词及语境理解。A.expected期待;B.pretended假装；C.ignored忽视;D.realized实 现。根据1 was not the only one feeling hurt.和上文I (12) how I was feeling,and she did,too.”可知 作者意识到自己不是唯一一个感到受伤的人。故选D。(14) A.考查介词及语境理解。A.off离开，偏离，不在；B.on在之上，向，朝，关于；Cin在 内，穿着,在状态中；D.below在下面,(位置或层面)低于
37、。根据上文We talked for a long time”可知她们谈了很长时间，作者觉得自己好像卸下了心头的一块重负。故选A。(15) C.考查动词及语境理解。A.injure受伤；B.promote促进,提升；C.forget忘记；D.remember 记住。句意：我们都想和我们的新朋友在一起，但我们永远不会忘记我们一起分享的乐趣和友谊。 根据前文“ but ”可知她们永远不会忘记她们一起分享的乐趣和友谊。故选Co这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己和莫莉的友谊，这个由亲密到疏远到亲密的过程使作者明 白了事情会变，人会变的道理，但生活还得继续，每个人都应该珍惜所有的回忆。做完形填空首先要通
38、读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一 至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。答 案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。36.【答案】【小题1 beautifully【小题2】printed【小题3 was【小题4】To overcome小题5 which【小题6 an【小题7】sheets【小题8 easier【小题9 on【小题 10 explanation【解析】1. beautifully.考查副词.print是动词，要用副词修饰.2. printed.考查过去分词.books与pri
39、nt之间是动宾关系,用过去分词短语printed at the time作 定语修饰books.3. was.考查动词时态.全文讲述的过去的事情，要用一般过去时态，且block printing是单数, 谓语动词也应用单数形式was.4. To overcome.考查动词不定式.此处动词不定式表示目的.5. which.考查定语从句.分析句子结构可知这是一个定语从句，先行词clay在从句中作主语， 用关系代词which.6. an.考查冠词.plate是可数名词，单数形式前加不定冠词a表示泛指，因iron的读音是以发元 音开头的，用不定冠词an.7. sheets.考查名词.sheets of
40、 paper意为”一张张纸”，用复数形式.8. easier.考查比较级.根据and前面的faster以及than可知,此处也表示比较级，因此填easier.9. on.考查介词.have influence on意为”对有影响”，是固定搭配.10. explanation.考查名词.need是动词，后接名词作其宾语,动词explain的名词是explanation. 本文主要讲述活字印刷的历史，活字印刷的过程及活字印刷对世界文明的影响.考查语法填空.语法填空主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空.做本题的关键是在理解短文 的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识.本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的
41、转换，名词的 复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等.因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一 些语法知识.37.【答案】My ideal jobI often imagine what I will be in the future.I hope I will work in a computer company as a programdesigner because I like designing the computer program and I will make enough time.（理想中的职业）I also hope that I wont be very busy
42、 so that I can spare time to company with my families.高分句型 In my free time, I will continue to take regular exercise, such as swimming, running and various ball games.（选择的理由）For my future ideal job, I am making every effort to make it.No matter how hard it is, I will go on trying hard and never give
43、 it up,【高分句型二】（为此所要做的准备）【解析】 高分句型一：I also hope that I wont be very busy so that I can spare time to company with my families.译文：我也希望我不会很忙，这样我就可以抽出时间和家人在一起。分析：这句话使用了 so that引导的结果状语从句。高分句型二： No matter how hard it is, I will go on trying hard and never give it up.译文：无论多么困难，我都会继续努力，永不放弃。分析：这句话使用了 No mat
44、ter how引导让步状语从句。这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而 是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。 需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文 意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注 意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。38【答案】小题1 Paragraph 1：When he finished the tea, he said he had to go h
45、ome and promised to return the next day.My daughter excitedly waited for his next visit and made full preparations.As the old man visited us the next day, he was amazed by all of the preparations for him, including apple pies.高分句型一】 His eyes were filled with tears.We became friends, and my daughter
46、and I enjoyed the company the old visitor offered us.But before long, he had to move to live with his daughter and we hadn*t seen him ever since.（当天他们三 人一起喝茶后，他们成为了好朋友）Paragraph 2：Several years later, a small envelope was delivered to our home一a letter from the old mans daughter.She informed us that
47、 our dear old friend had passed away and sent us another letter written by the old man, which said, Thank you for all your kindnesses to an old man.When I was lonely, you took me in.When I was badly in need of a family, you accepted me.My last few years are filled with happiness because of you.【高分句型
48、二】“（老人去世后收到老人女儿的来信，表示感谢）【小题2】略【解析】本文讲述了作者和一位老人的故事。高分句型一： As the old man visited us the next day, he was amazed by all of the preparations for him, including apple pies.翻译：当这位老人第二天来拜访我们时，他对所有为他准备的东西感到惊讶，包括苹果派。分析：本句为as引导的时间状语从句。高分句型二： My last few years are filled with happiness because of you.翻译：因为你，我的最后几年充满了幸福。分析：本句使用了”be filled with”固定搭配,译为“充满二解题方法点拨（1）品读原文，确定文章线索每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是 以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生“顺藤摸瓜（结尾）二（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求一般短文后面的“注意”都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到“心中有数二（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确 定续