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1、Unit 6 Survival一、词汇变形crime n. 罪；罪行adj.才巳罪的：犯法的n.罪犯 n.贪婪；渴望-greedy adj.贪婪的；渴望的greedily。八贪心地，贪婪地commit v.犯错误（罪行）一commitmentn.许诺，承诺；投入；奉献adj.尽心尽力的urban adj.城镇的，城市的城市化，都市化container 九容器一contain 一包含, 含有；容纳；控制estimate艮估计，估算一 .判断，评价，看法migratory（q.迂徙的migrale艮（随季节变化）迂徙；移居；迂移一 九（为工作）移居者；移民；候鸟；迁徙动物一migration .迁
2、移；移居；迁徙appreciate 认放.赏； 赏，只一appreciation n.欣赏：理解，体谅，同情；感激，感谢adj.感激的,感谢的； 欣赏的；赏识的crucial adj.至关重要的，关键性的一 crucially 加关键性地restrict v.限制一n.约束，限制restricted adj.有限的，受制约的restrictive adj.限制性的optimistic adj.乐观的；乐观主义的 .乐观；乐观主义t九乐观的人；乐天派consume v.消费；消耗consumer n.消费者consumption n.（精力、油、电等的）消耗量supplement v.补充，增补
3、adj.增补性的,补充的14.14.eliminate v.消除，根除tn.消除，排除，淘汰15.15.fierce adj.恶劣的，极端的fiercely adv.猛烈地，厉害地fierceness n.16.react v. 反响reaction n. 反响17.前进；进展以前进一.advanced adj.高级的；先进的advance n. 几前进；进步；晋升，提升18.n.惊恐，恐惧-terrify v.使害19.怕terrifying可怕的/terrified害怕的几（企业、政治等的）代理人，经纪人一agency .机构:（尤指政府内的）局，部，处20.20.consist v.组成
4、一adj.始终如一的，持续的，一致的infer v.推断，推定一infer v.推断，推定一n.推论22.23.无遮蔽的；无保护的一n.暴露，显露dust n.尘土；沙尘一adj.积满灰尘的；满是灰尘的二、一词多义p. /p.p.expose v.使暴露（于险境）exposed adj.重点词汇讲解mitW.投入;犯（错误或罪行）;做（错事等）；把委托于，交付（教材 P62） No matter howmany crimes he committed, the police werepowerless to arrest him.不管他犯了多少罪，警察都无力逮捕他。知识拓展commit sb.
5、/oneselfcommit sb / slh（doing） sth.承诺,保证做某事忠于全身心地投入commit a crime犯罪commit suicide自 杀fit in with与相适应；符合；与一致(教材 P62) Some animals have even changed their living habits to fit in with their new homes.一些动物甚至改变了它们的生活习惯以适应它们的新家。知识拓展(l)fit v.合的身；符合：使胜任adj.健康的；合适的fit sb./sth.适合某人/某物be fit 适合keep fit保持健康n.健康
6、；适合distinguish v.区别；区分；表现突出(教材 P63)Unable to distinguish between blue sky and glass, birds crash into windows at speeds of about 50 kilometres per hour.由于无法区分蓝天和玻璃，鸟儿 以大约每小时50千米的速度撞向窗户。知识拓展(l)distinguish between.区分:区分distinguish .from.区分与； 使有别于distinguish oneself (by doing sth.) (因)表现突出be distinguis
7、hed for因而知名(2) distinguished adj,卓越的，著名的即学即练单句语法填空People who cannot distinguish colours are said to be colour-blind.He was one of Australias most(distinguish) artists, renowned for his portraits and landscapes.2. (教材 P63)However they adapt to our waysof urban living, its important that we get a bett
8、er understanding of and even learnto appreciate our wild neighbours.不管他们如何适应我们的城市生活方式, 重要的是我们要更好地了解甚至学会赏识我们来自野外的邻居。(l)adapt to适应，适合5.only倒装adapt. from.根据改编或改写adapt. for.改编或改作之用adaptable adj.能适应的，适应性强的adaptation n.改编(本)，改造；适应(2)appreciate v.欣赏，赏识，鉴赏，感激；意识到知识拓展(1) appreciatesth.感激做某事appreciate ones e_
9、sth.感激某人做某事I would appreciateif.如果，我将不胜感激(2)appreciation n.赏识，鉴赏；感激(教材 P63)Only then can we look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats.只有这样，我们才能期待和谐地共享我们的城市栖息地。句式分析：句中only修饰时间状语Ihen,置于句首，句子用局部倒装，把 情态动词can提前。知识拓展(1)在only后作状语的是从句时，句不要用倒装，要局部倒装的是 句。(2)在句首的only如果后面跟了副词、介词短语或从句等 语，那么 句用倒装结构。如on
10、ly后跟的是 语，就不用倒装结构了。即学即练单句语法填空1. Only after a bitter struggle the aim achieved.2. The boy(help) out only when his father arrived in a hurry.3. Only the teachers(allow) to use the room.4. Only when he apologises for his rudeness I speak to him again.5. Only by following this method we able to study Eng
11、lish well.6. Only by increasing the number of doctors by 30% the patients be treated properly in this hospital.6. optimistic adj.乐观的；乐观主义的(教材原文)Robinson Crusoe is a clever and optimistic man.鲁滨孙克鲁索是一 个聪明乐观的人。【探究归纳】(l)be optimistic .对乐观(2)optimism 几乐观(主义)(3)oplimist .乐观主义者(4)adj.悲观的be.对悲观7. consumpti
12、on n.(精力、油、电等的)消耗量；消费(教材 P67) The President has announced emergency measures to limit fuel consumption.总统宣布了限制燃料消耗的紧急措施。知识拓展(1 )consume v.消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完sb be consumed被折磨consume sth.in doing sth.把用在做某事上(2)consumer n.消费者get rid of摆脱，除去（教材 P67） Plus, it also includes a free poster illustrating new plans t
13、o get rid of the Ebola virus once and for all.此外,它还包括一张免费海报，展示了彻底清除 埃博拉病毒的新计划。知识拓展be rid of摆脱；除掉；除去rid sb./sth.of sth.rid sb./sth.of sth.使某人/某物摆脱某物rid oneself of sth.rid oneself of sth.使自己摆脱某物wipeout彻底毁灭(教材 Pes) In the 1960s and 1970s, the greatest fear was that the human race, and possibly all adva
14、nced life forms on the planet, could be wiped out by nuclear missiles, just at the push of a button.在20世纪60年代和70年代，最大的恐惧是只要一按按钮，人类就可能和 地球上所有的高级生命形式一起被核导弹消灭。知识拓展wipe awaywipe sth offVfrom.wipe upwipe out ones debtswipe sth.down/wipe down sth. ioT擦去；揩去；消除擦掉；除棹擦干，擦掉（落下的某物或溅出的液体等）还清债务（用湿布）彻底擦干净consist o
15、f由组成；由构成（教材 P69）It consisted of a closed space in which people, animals and plants couldlive together.它由一个封闭的空间组成，人、动物和植物可以在其中共同生 活。知识拓展(l)consist of=be made up of由.组成consist在于consist与.一致(2)consistcnt adj.一致的，始终如一的；持续的，连续的be consistent与.相一致或吻合be consistent在.方面前后一致(3)consistently adv.一致地，始终如一地小片段填空Li
16、fe mainly consists happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrowconsist struggle. Remember that your ideal life does not always consisl the reality.11.expose v.使暴露（于险境）；揭露；事曝光(教材 P?o) . we can infer that the Moon is less exposed to dangerous radiation than Mars.我们可以推断，月球比火星暴露在危险的辐射下要少。知识拓展(1 )expo
17、se to暴露于；受到风险expose.to.把暴露于be exposed to暴露于；接触(2) exposure n.暴露；显露三、单元语法“疑问词+ever和no matter+疑问词”引导的状语从句观察例句1. Whatever happened, he wouldnt say a word.2. You can ask for help whenever you need it.3. No matter where I go, my heart is towards China.4. Call me when you get there, no matter what the tim
18、e is.归纳用法5. 在 从句中，不管是“疑问词+-ever ”还是no matter+疑问词”，其意义都是“不管/无论+该疑问词的本义，两种结构的作用相同。Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished. = No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished.无论谁违反了规定，都要受到处分。Wherever he goes(may go), Ill follow him. = No matter where he goes(may go), Ill follow him.无论他去哪里，我都跟着他。
19、Whichever dictionary you (may) take, you will have to pay at least 20 dollars.= No matter which dictionary you (may) take, you will have to pay at least 20 dollars.无论你买哪本词典，都得至少付20元钱。注意：这类从句中用一般现在时表将来，从句中也可用情态动词may / might。即学即练1单句语法填空No matter may happen, theyve decided to leave this evening.No matt
20、er you may be, you have no right to do such a thing.problem you have, turn to me.She is willing to help you,busy she is.6. .“疑问代词+ -ever”还可引导主语从句和宾语从句Whoever smokes here will be punished.谁在这里抽烟都会受到处分。Whichever he likes will be given to him. 他喜欢哪个就给他哪个。|注意：此时的“疑问代词+-ever”都不能换成“ no malter + 疑问代词的形7. “
21、疑问副词 +-ever”还可以引导时间或地点状语从句Wherever there is plenty of sun and rain, the fields are green.哪里阳光雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油的。He goes there whenever he has time.他每当有时间就去那里。注意此时的“疑问副词+ -ever”也不能换成“no matter +疑问副词丁即学即练2单句语法填空Send it to is in charge of sales.You may sit you like.Beggars will eat they are given.You may
22、invite you like.专题练习I .单句语法填空1. comes to the party, he will receive a gift.2. You can take book you like best.3. we see him, we speak to him.4. No matter my motherland needs me, I will go back without hesitation.5. weather it is like, we will go to Beijing tomorrow.11.短文语法填空New coronary pneumonia sw
23、ept across China in late 20l9.Our government immediately took 1.(effect) measures for treatment and prevention.No matter 2.you are, you can get free treatment from the government.In order to prevent the spread of the disease, the government had taken many measures.3.you go, you had to4.(examine). Th
24、e government called for people to be isolated at home.If you feel unwell, you should put on a mask and go to a designated hospital for an 5.(examine) immediately.No matter 6.you go, you should wear a mask.However, no matter 7.strict the government measures were, there were still some people 8.broke the rules.They did 9.they wanted to do.lt has brought many difficulties to the defense of the disease.As citizens of China, we should actively cooperate no matter 10.the government requires us to do.