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1、提供英文合同翻译:详解关键词引子:鉴于现在对外交流事例逐渐增多,英文合同特别是经济合同的翻译愈显重要,假设译文不准确式不 严谨,势必会引起不必要的经济纠纷.故今以一英文(经济)合同写作书籍为蓝本,录入一些有歪文字,希望 大家共同提嵩英文(经济)合同的翻译和写作。合同文件是合同双方签订并必须遵守的法律文件,因此合同中的语言应表达其权威性.英文合同用语的 特点之一就表现在用词上,即选择那些法律用词,以及正式用词,使合同表达的意思准确无误,到达双方 对合同中使用的词无可争议的程度。一.Hereby英文群义:by means of, by reason of this中文泽词:特此,因此,兹用法:常用
2、于法律文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语;在条款中需要强调时也可用。语法:一般置于主语后,紧邻主语.注释:(l)hereby: by reason of this 特 此(2)covenant: v. make a formal agreement 立 约,签订合同、条约;n. legal agreement 具有法律约束 的正式 合同(3)completion of the Works:工程的绫工(4)therein: in the Works 在本工程中(5)the Contract Price:合同总价,指工程的总造价(6)such.as:关余代词,相当于 that, which(7)
3、under: in accordance with 根据,按照(8)the provisions of the Contract: terms and conditions of the Contract 合同 条款 注衿:(1) hereby :特此(2) to the best of our knowledge: as far as we know 据我们所知(3) foregoing statement : above-mentioned statement 上述声明(4) herein: in this, in the statement 在声明中(5) documentary pro
4、of :证 明文件fl J hereby:特此(2) hereinafter referred to as Party A:以下称甲方(3) on the principle of equality and mutual benefit :在平等互利 基础上(4J through amicable consultation:通过友好协商二 hereof英文衿义:of this中文泽词:关于此点;在本文件中用头:在表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的”时,使用该词。例如表示本合同条件、条款时, 可以说“the terms, conditions and provisions hereof 这里
5、hereof 表示“ofthis Contract;又如 表示本工程Authorities:审枇机关(3) register with:办理作记手续(4J the State Administration for Industry and Commerce:国家工商行政管理局(5) its authorized Administrations for Industry and Commerce:其授权的(各省、自治区、直辖市及 计划单列市)工商行政管理局六 therein美 文衿义:in that; in that particular; in that respect中文译词:我那里;在那点
6、、上,在那方面用法:在表示上文已提及的“合同中的,工程中的”等时使用。例如表示“修补工程中的缺陷”: “the remedying of any defects therein,此处 therein 表示“in the Works”;表示用于工程中的材料或机 械设备 :materials or plant for incorporation therein”,这里的 therein 表示“in the Works”。语决:置于所修饰词后,紧邻修饰词。注希:(1)Temporary Works:临时工程,是指为永久工程服务的工程,永久工程建成后应予以撤除。也造临 时工程的费用,按国际FIDIC合
7、同条件规定,应由承包人负责。(2) Defects:缺陷,表示工程施工出现的问题,即工程本身存在的问题,而不是因业主使用不当连成 的。(3) the execution and completion of the Works and the remedying of any defects therein: 工程施工、发工 和修补工程中任何缺陷。建造一项工程一般分成两个阶段进行,工程设计、拘工、浚工为第一阶段, 修补工程中任何缺陷为第二阶段,因此此句中的第一个and是对的,表示建造工程的两个阶段。注释:(1) the prior consent of the Employer:业主的事先同意
8、注意:consent只有单数形式,表示同意(2) assign :转让(3) therein: in the contract; thereunder: under the contract(4J otherwise than by :但以下情况除外。也可写成:unless otherwise specified in the following circumstances:注痔:(1) Note:期票,即借据,票据(2) loan agreement :资款协议(3) be entitled to all the benefits :享有(贽款协议规定的)全部利益(4) advance pa
9、yment:预付(5) default:违约(6) in the event of default :因违约oi#:(1) a certificate of the borrower :借款人说明书(2) comply with:遵照C3J the attachments specified therein :附荥 4 规定的附件 therein : in Appendix 4(1) exemption:免征税款(2) local authorities:地方当局(3) any political subdivision:任何下属政府分支机构(4J taxing authorities the
10、reof or therein : 地方当局的税收当局 therein: in local authorities(5) under the Contract:根据合同规定(6) shall be due:应予以征收的(7) the certified documents evidencing the exemption in question:三正期上 述免税 文件 in question : 上 述法希:(1) the Income Tax Law of the Peoples Republic of China for Enterprises with Foreign Investmen
11、t and Foreign Enterprises :中华人 氏共和国外商投资企业和外国企业所得税法。(2) at the rates provided for therein:按税头规定的税率 therein: in the Tax Law注希:Cl J the Borrower :借款人(3) to make the borrowings:借贽资金(4) to execute and deliver the Note:签署票据(5) to incur the obligations provided for in this Agreement and therein: 承当 由此产生 的义
12、务 therein: in the Note(6) all the actions in question i 上述全部行为(7) legal person:法人注释:(1) leasee:承租人(2) keep the commodity in good condition :维持商品的羡好状况C3J provided that:除非,表示进一步规定(3) leaser:出租人(5) to lodge claims against the Leasor:向 出 租人提出赔楼(6) any losses occurred therein:因此所 遭.受 的损失 therein: in the
13、above-mentioned matters 指 出租商 品出现的故障注释:(1) documents : shipping documents 货 运单据(2) transport documents :运输单据(3) insurance documents: insurance policies 保险单据(4 J commercial invoice :商业发票(5j the credit : the letter of credit 信用证(6) drawer:出单人(7) the wording therein: the wording in the documents 其措辞(8)
14、 data content thereof : data content of the documents 3页日内衮(9) referred to in the credit:信用证中所述的(1) loss or damage :损失与损坏 注:loss与damage同义,同义词连用是合同文件语言特点之一。(2) any part thereof: any part of the Works 工程中的任何一局部 thereof: of the Works(3) for incorporation therein: used in the Works 用于工程中的 for incorporat
15、ion in: used in 应译成“用 于(工程)中“,而不能译成“进入工程therein: in the Works工程中(4J at one?s own cost: 费(5) rectify:弥补,纠正(6) Permanent Works:永久工程C7J to the satisfaction of the Engineer :到达工程师满意的程度thereof英文再义:of that, of it中文泽词:由此,其用头:在表示已提及的“人或事的”时,为防止重复,可使用该词,比方表示“合同条件、条款”时, 可译为“the terms, conditions and provision
16、s thereof9,此处的 thereof 表示“ofthe Contract”;表示工程任 何局部“,可泽为any parts thereof,这里的 thereof 表示“of the Works”。语法:置于所修饰词后,紧邻修饰词。注玲:(1) be entitled to determine:有 权确定(2) the time within a specified period and /or the place of taking delivery :提取货物的时间和/或地点(3) the notice thereof:有关这方面的通知 thereof: of the above-
17、mentioned matters, that is, the time and the place of taking delivery.注释:(1) the collection of tax :税收的开征(2) the cessation thereof :税收的停征 thereof: of tax(3) the reduction, exemption and refund of tax as well as the payment of tax unpaid : 减税、免税,退 税、补税(4J the State Council :国务院(5) to formulate and pr
18、epare the relevant provisions of the regulations:第定的彳亍政法规规定 prepare: 制定注释:(1) the Party applying for arbitration:当事人申靖仲就(是指申请仲裁j的当事人J(2) arbitration commission:仲裁委员会(3) arbitration agreement:仲林协议(4) application for arbitration:仲裁j 申请书(5) the copies thereof: the copies of the application for arbitrat
19、ion 仲裁申请 书副本注玲:fl J Tests on Completion:浚工检验(2) otherwise agreed :另行商定(3) Employer takes over the Works:业主接收工程(4J any section or part thereof :工程任何局部、区段 thereof: of the Works注释:fl J the collection order:托收指示(2) the protest:拒绝证书(3) in lieu thereof:代替拒绝证书 thereof: of the protest(4) non-acceptance or n
20、on-payment:拒绝承兑或拒绝付款(5) the banks concerned with the collection :与托收有关的各银行(6) experience non-acceptance and non-payment: 遭到月巨名色承兑或,巨名色付款(1) the principal :委托人注希:fl J makes the specification :订 明规格(2) the details thereof: the details of the specification 规格的细节(3) the communication in question: 该通知(4J
21、 shall be binding:应具有约束力注希:(U apply to (sb.):适用(2) limited liability companies w汕 foreign investment :外商投 密的有 F艮责任公司(3) Sino-foreign equity joint venture enterprise:中 外合资经 营企业(4) Sino-foreign co-operative joint venture enterprise :中外合作经 营 企业(5) wholly foreign-owned enterprise:夕卜费企业注衿:(1) time for co
22、mpletion : 浚工时间(2) the execution of the Works :施工(3) any Section or part thereof:工程的任何局部或区段,thereof : of the Works注玲:(1) make available to the Contractor.:向承包人提供(2) data on hydrological and subsurface conditions :水文地质资料C3J his own interpretation thereof:自己对上述资料的解希 thereof: of the data(1) this Agreem
23、ent is terminated : 本协议终止(2) transparency:图片(3) specifications :规格(4J any other manufacturing or engineering information :其它全含F 生产和操作资料(5) the said Licensed Products :上述许可证产品/V. thereafter, thereto, therewith, therefor, thereunder1) thereafter: after that 此后; 之后thereto: to that 陋附;附之2) therewith: wi
24、th that 与此;与之therefor: for that 因之;为此3) thereunder: under that 在其下;依照用法:本节提及的各词,其用法与上面七节谈及的一样,主要强调的是“that”。如果强调的是“this”, 贝要用 hereafter, hereto, herewith 和 hereof 等。语法:紧接所修饰词之后。注玲:fl J decision and award of the arbitration tribunal :仲裁庭的仲我决定或我决(2)the judgment:司法判决(3) any court having jurisdiction :有管
25、辖权的法院 jurisdiction:管辖权(4J the parties thereto: 合同双方 thereto: to the Contract(5) in good faith:以盟好诚信的杰度注释:fl)patented technology:专利技术(2) letters patent:专利证,专利(3) application therefore:专利申请(4) grant license thereof :许可转让(5j during the effective period of this Contract :本合同有效期间(6) are applicable to or
26、may be used in the manufacture of this Contract Products: 适用于 或可能适 用于制造本合同产品注释:(1) Contract Products:合同产品(2) Appendix 2 to this Contract:本合同附件 2(3) together with all improvements and modifications thereof or developments with respect thereto: 及 其改进开展的产品 thereof : of the Contract Products ; thereto :
27、 to the Contract Products(1) specifications :规 范(2) any modification thereof or addition thereto :对规,范的任何修改或增补 thereof : of the Specifications ; thereto : to the Specificationsunder Clause 95 :根据第95条规定(1) the Defects Liability Certificate:缺陷责任证书(2) the expiration of the Defects Liability Period : 缺陷
28、责任期终止(3) different defects liability periods become applicable to different Section or parts of the Permanent Works:不同的缺陷责任期适用永久工程的不同区段或局部(4) any works instructed:任何捺指 示进行 的工程(1) commitment fee:承诺赛,涿担费。资款协议签定生效后,如借款人没有接期使用贺款,需 向资款人支付一定金额的补修费用承诺费或承当费。通常左资款协议中确定一个承诺期。承诺期 分为前后两期,前期不收承诺费,后期计收承诺费。如果在前段承诺
29、期已使用全部承诺期金额,那么不 收承诺费。如果在前段承诺期未使用全部承诺期金额,其余额在后段承诺期使用,那么计收承诺费。(2) the Disbursement Date:资政发放日(3) the Termination Date :资款终止日(4) from the date in the third month thereafter :从其后第 3 个月的该日 thereafter : after the Termination Date注存:Cl J events of default:造约事件(5) continues or continue:正在继续(6) the remedies
30、:补救方法(4Jfail to pay any amount payable thereunder:未能支付根据该 协议规定应付 的款项 thereunder:under the Contract九.whereasconsidering that,鉴于,就而论(法律用语)用法:米用于合同协议书的开头段落中,以引出合同双方要订立合同的理由或依据。语法:紧接于要修饰词之前,常住于句首。注衿:(1J whereas :鉴于(2) to grant Party A the rights to use, manufacture and sell the Contract Products of Pate
31、nted Technology:将专利技术的合同产品的使用权、制选权和销售权授予甲方C3J the Representatives authorized by the Parties to this Contract: 双方授权代表(7) under the terms, conditions and provisions specified as follows : 就以下条款 注者:(1) proprietary technical information :专有技术信息(2) designs, techniques, workmanship, formulas, skills and o
32、ther data: 4殳计、 技术、 工艺、 配方、 技能和其他资料(3Jthe right and licence:许可权利(4) technical assistance: 技术协助(5) trademarks:商标注释:fl Jwhereas :鉴于(2) severally but not jointly :分别但不 连带地(3) an aggregate amount: 总 额(4Jthe Parties hereto have hereby made and concluded this Agreement as follows:当事人协议如下(1) whereas :鉴于(2)
33、 a term loan:定期资款(3) the principal amount : 本金(4Junder the terms, conditions and provisions of this Agreement :根据本协议规定的条件和款项(5) in consideration of the mutual promises:以双方相互 承诺 为对价 consideration :对价注释:(1) whereas :鉴于(2) adhering to the principle of equality and mutual benefit:按照平等互利的原那么(3) through f
34、riendly consultation:通过友好协*商(4Jjoint venture company :合资经营公司(5) hereinafter referred as:以下称九.whereas释义:considering that,鉴于,就而论(法律用语)用法:常用于合同体议书的开头段落中,以引出合同双方要订立合同的理由或依据。语法:紧接于要修饰词之前,希位于句首。注释:(1) whereas :鉴于(2) to grant Party A the rights to use, manufacture and sell the Contract Products of Patented
35、 Technology :将专利技术的合同产品的使用权、制透权和销售权授予甲方(3j the Representatives authorized by the Parties to this Contract : 双方授权代表(4) under the terms, conditions and provisions specified as follows: 就以下条款注衿:(1) proprietary technical information :专有技 术信息(2) designs, techniques, workmanship, formulas, skills and othe
36、r data: 4殳计、 技术、 工艺、 配方、 技能和其他咨科C3J the right and licence:许可权利(4Jtechnical assistance : 技术协助(5) trademarks:商标注希:(1) whereas :鉴于(2) severally but not jointly :分别但不连带地(3) an aggregate amount: 总 额(4Jthe Parties hereto have herebymade and concluded this Agreement as follows:当事人tf办议如下注斡:(1) whereas :鉴于(2
37、) a term loan:定期资款(3) the principal amount: 本金(4Junder the terms, conditions and provisions of this Agreement :根据 本协议规定 的 条件 和 软,页C5Jin consideration of the mutual promises: 以 双方相 互承诺 为对价 consideration : 对价注释:(1) whereas :鉴于(2) adhering to the principle of equalityand mutual benefit :楼照平等互利的原那么(3) t
38、hrough friendly consultation :通过友好初商(4) joint venture company :合资经 营公司(5) hereinafter referred as:以下称的任何局部,可用 “any parts hereof9,这里 hereof 表示“of this Works”。语法:一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。hereof 和 thereof 的区别:hereof 强调“ofthis。例如,上面的the terms, conditions and provisions thereof 中的 thereof 表示 of the Contract ;
39、any parts thereof9 中的 thereof 表示 of the Works o注释:(1) Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this Clause or not :不管港口 习惯是否与本款规定相 反,whether. or not:不管是否(2) the owner of the goods :货方(3) without interruption:无间新地(4) carrier:承运人(5) in default on the provisions hereof : 违反本款规/ hereof: of this Cla
40、use注释:fl J foreign trade dealers :对外贸易经营者(2) as mentioned in this Law:本在所称(3) the provisions hereof : the provisions of this Law 本法规定(4J legal entity :法人(5) be engaged in foreign trade dealings:从事对外贸易经营活动注希:(1J a limited liability company :有 F艮责任公司(2) a company limited by shares :股份(3) provisions he
41、reof :本法规定 hereof: of this Law(4) may be registered as :委C已为注衿:(1) as a result of withdrawal or any other reasons :回避或者其它原因(2) arbitrator:仲裁员(3) the provisions hereof: the provisions of this Law 本法规定(4) be selected or appointed : 选定或指定注释:fl J conflict:相抵触(5) prior to the effective date of this Law:本
42、法施行甭(6) the provisions hereof shall prevail : 以本出为准 hereof: of this Law注释:fl J the organization with compensatory obligations: 赌楼义务机关(2) shall pay compensation:应当给予赔楼(3) the claimant for compensation :赔偿请求人(4J Article 15 and Article 16 hereof:本法第十五条、第十六条 hereof: of this Law(5) shall have the right t
43、o lodge a complaint:有权申诉(6) claims compensation: 要 求赔偿(1) apply to/ in : 适,用 More Examples: The comment applies equally here. /That argument does not apply in this case. /That applies to at least nine-tenths of the people we see about. /These remarks apply to every town in this kingdom. /The rules o
44、f safe driving apply to everyone.注衿:fl J arbitrator :仲栽员(2) Article 58 hereof:本法第五十八条 hereof: of this Law(3) bear the legal liability and responsibility:承当法律责任(4) the arbitration commission :仲栽委员会(5) remove the name of the arbitrator in question from the list of arbitrators: 将其除名注希:fl J the relevant
45、 responsible authorities with the duty of approvals :履行审批职责的有关主管部门(2) meets the requirements and provisions hereof: 符合本法条件(3) the company registration authorities:负责公司登记的主管部门(4) the requirements hereof: 本法条件 hereof: of this Law(5) apply for reconsideration :申请复议(6) bring an administrative suit: 提起行政
46、诉论 万寿:(1) the crimes committed :犯罪行为(2) against Article 9, Article 10 and Article 11 hereof:犯有本决定第九条、第十条、第 Tl一 条规定 hereof: of this Decision注衿:fl J companies registered :已於记成立的公司(3) the Standard Opinion on Limited Liability Companies59:有 F艮责任公司规范意见(4) the Standard Opinion on Companies Limited by Shar
47、es:股份有 F艮公司规范意见(5) the relevant responsible department of the State Council 国务院有关主管部门(6) in separate regulations issued by the State Council :由国务院另行规定注释:(1) unfair competition :不正当竞争(2) business operators: 经营者(3) contravene the provisions hereof :违反本法规定 the provisions hereof:本法规定 hereof: of this Law(4J the lawful rights and interests : 合法权益(5) disturbing the socio-economic order:扰乱社会经 济秩序 三 hereto英文徐义:to this中文译词:至此,在此上。用法:在表示上文已提及的“本合同的本文件的”时,使用该词。例如表示“本合同双方”,可以说“the Parties hereto,这里 hereto 表示“to this Contract;表示“本协议附件 4”, 可用“Appendix 4 hereto”,这里 hereto 表示“to this Agreement”。语法:一般置于要修