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1、2022届吉林省吉林市高三上学期第一次调研测试英语试题本卷须知：1.本次考试由四局部组成，考试时间120分钟，总分值150分。2 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考生号填写在答题卡指定位置。3 .请按题号顺序在答题纸上各题目的答题区域内整洁作答，超出区域答题无效。第一局部听力（共两节，总分值30分）第一节（共5小题；每题分，总分值分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一个小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where is the mans mountain
2、 bike now?A. In the garage. B. In the room. C. Outside by the window.2. How can the woman take the right bus?A. Taking a train. B. Crossing the street. C. Looking at the map.3. What does the man think of the beef?A. tasteless. B. delicious. C. salty.4. Where does the conversation probably take place
3、?A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a classroom.5. Which of the following about Peter is true?A. He is in hospital. B. He is at work. C. He is at home.第二节（共15小题；每题分，总分值分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、 C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段
4、材料，答复第6至7题。6. What is the woman?A. A singer. B. A movie star. C. A volunteer.7. How did the woman become famous?A. Through the Internet. B. Through TV. C. Through the radio.听第7段材料，答复第8至9题。8. Why do Japanese enjoy a long life?C. To introduce gene editing technology.D. To prove that injections can cur
5、edisease.13. What attitude did 140 researchers have towards Hes project?A. Critical.B. Supportive.C. Cautious.D. Unclear.14. What do we learn about gene editing technology from the passage?A. It is the only way HIV-positive parents bear healthy babies.B. It has already been applied in more than one
6、field.C. It is highly appreciated because it can cure terrible diseases.D. It can bring benefits to humans as well as troubles.15. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Treatments for new-born babies.B. Worries about the future generation.C. Development of science and technology.D. A hot issue
7、about gene editingresearch.【答案】12.C13.A14. D 15. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。利用基因编辑技术诞生的一对艾滋病产生免疫的双胞胎婴儿，引 起了巨大的社会反响。基因编辑技术的研究给社会带来福音的同时，也带来了巨大的担忧。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段 “When you are sick, you may dream: if only I had been given an injection against diseases before my birth. It is not a dream now.（当你生病的时候，你可能会有 这样
8、的梦想：要是我在出生前能打一针预防疾病就好了。现在这已经不是梦想了）以及第 二段 “On Nov. 26, He Jiankui from Guangdong announced the birth of healthy twin girls, Lulu and Nana, earlier in the month. They came into being via external fertilization with gene editing technology that protected them from HIV infection.（l 1 月 26 日，来自广东的贺建奎宣布,本
9、月 初一对健康的双胞胎女孩露露和娜娜出生了。她们是通过外部受精和基因编辑技术形成的， 这保护她们免受艾滋病毒感染）可知文章开篇将读者代入到情境中，即：你生病时就会梦 想：如果自己在出生前就打了疾病免疫的针剂该有多好啊。目的是引出文章的主要话题：基 因编辑技术。即作者在第一段中谈到“梦想是为了引入基因编辑技术。应选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“In a signed open letter released on Nov. 27,140 Chinese researchers in HIV/AIDS from China and abroad condemned the resea
10、rch. They questioned the need fbr Hes project.（在11月27日发布的一封署名公开信中，140名来自国内外的中国艾滋病研究人员 谴责了这项研究。他们质疑该方案的必要性）可推知，国内外研究者对该研究工程所持的 态度是“批评的。应选A。【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段 “The idea that research could find ways to switch off genes that cause cancer may be exciting, but it is also troubling. There are worries abo
11、ut babies that are designed to be superior, with better looks and above average skills. People are also concerned that gene editing changes the human genome, which means that changes will be handed onto future generations and spread through the population. Such research also raises ethical questions
12、. If the technology becomes available, who will be able to use it? Will it be only the wealthy? And if people live much longer lives, will there be an effect on the size of the world population?（研究可以找到关闭致癌基 因的方法，这一想法可能令人兴奋，但也令人不安。有些人担忧婴儿被设计得更优秀，拥有 更好的外表和高于平均水平的技能。人们还担忧，基因编辑会改变人类基因组，这意味着改 变将传递给后代，并在人
13、口中传播。这样的研究也提出了伦理问题。如果这项技术变得可行, 谁将能够使用它？只会是富人吗？如果人们的寿命更长，会对世界人口规模产生影响 吗？）可知，基因编辑技术给人类带来好处的同时也带来麻烦。应选D。【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段 “The reaction to his announcement was explosive. Chinas Ministry of Science and Technology has cooperated with other departments to investigate Hes project. In a signed open lette
14、r released on Nov. 27, 140 Chinese researchers in HIV/AIDS from China and abroad condemned the research. They questioned the need for Hes project. The letter said that there are many treatments that prevent babies born to HIV-positive parents from being infected. In fact, there are many drugs for th
15、is.（对他的声明的反响是爆炸性的。中国科技部已经与其他部门合 作调查该工程。在11月27日发布的一封署名公开信中，140名来自国内外的中国艾滋病研 究人员谴责了这项研究。他们质疑该方案的必要性。信中说，有许多治疗方法可以防止父母 携带艾滋病毒的婴儿被感染。事实上，有很多药物可以治疗这种病）结合本文开篇引出话 题后，简要介绍了基因编辑婴儿工程的成功，接下来主要呈现了人们对该项研究成果的反响 及担忧。可知这篇文章主要谈论了基因编辑研究的热点问题。应选D。第二节（共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Searching
16、 for a way to be happier? Seeking deeper connections with friends or looking for more friends? Want to relate better to other people? 16Compassion, as one scholar describes it, is experiencing feelings of loving kindness toward another persons suffering” . The compassionate often have deeper connect
17、ions with others and more friends. They are more forgiving and have stronger sense of life purpose. 17 The compassionate are usually happier, healthier, more self-confident, and less self-critical.18 All you need is a quiet place. In that quiet space, sit in a comfortableposition. Focus on your brea
18、th and try to clear your mind. Then mentally focus on your heart area and think about someone you feel tenderness （亲切）toward. This could be your friend or your family. Then expand that feeling to yourself and to others. As time goes by, add more people to that circle. This may sound a little strange
19、. 19Even short-term exercises like this broaden your attention, your thinking and your overall sense of well-being in a way that lasts. 20 Compassion helps your brain become more flexible, and lets your brain have a wider sense of whats going on, and it gives you access to more ideas on how to act.T
20、his practice is beneficial to physical health and can help reduce physical signs of stress. And the happiness that can come from compassion training is the kind that lasts. A. But studies have shown this simple exercise really strengthens your sense of compassion. B. Practicing compassion doesnt hav
21、e to cost you money.C. Thafs in part because it changes your brain.D. Compassion means a lot in our daily life.E. Try a little compassion.F. Your brain is one of the most important parts in your body.G. Compassion also has direct personal benefit.【答案】16. E 17. G 18. B 19. A 20. C【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。介绍了同情
22、心给自身带来的益以及如何通过训练使自己富有同情心。 【16题详解】第一段 u Searching for a way to be happier? Seeking deeper connections with friends or looking for more friends? Want to relate better to other people?（还在寻找让自己更快乐的方法吗?想和 朋友建立更深层次的联系还是想结交更多的朋友吗?想要更好地与他人相处吗?） 作者抛出 三个问题，第二段给出解决问题的方法：compassiono E项“Try a little compassion.（
23、试试同 情）既答复了第一段的三个问题，也引出第二段的话题compassion,承上启下。应选E项。 【17题详解】上文 “The compassionate often have deeper connections with others and more friends. They are more forgiving and have stronger sense of life purpose.（富有同情心的人往往与他人有更深的联 系和更多的朋友。他们更宽容，有更强烈的生活目标感）讲同情心对我们交友和生活的影 响，下文 “The compassionate are usually ha
24、ppier, healthier, more self-confident, and less self-criticaL（富有同情心的人通常更快乐、更健康、更自信、更少自我批评）讲同情心直接 带给个人的好处，会让我们更快乐、更健康、更自信、更少自我批评，G项Compassion also has direct personal benefit.（同情心也有直接的个人好处）承上启下，其中also说明与上文的 递进关系， personal benefit与下文 “happier, healthier, more self-confident, and less self-critical”相照应
25、。应选G项。【18题详解】根据下文“AH you need is a quiet place.（你只需要一个安静的地方）可推知，上文中会说不 需要什么，B 项 u Practicing compassion doesnt have to cost you money.（练习同情心并不需要 花钱）中 doesnt have to cost you money与下文 uall you need is a quiet place/z 构成比照 关系，且其中Practicing compassion,也是本段的主题。应选B项。【19题详解】第三段主要讲练习同情心的方法,A 项 “But studies
26、 have shown this simple exercise really strengthens your sense of compassion.（但研究说明，这个简单的练习真的能增强你的同情心） 用研究结果来说明了这种练习方式的效果，是全段的总结，同时与上文“This may sound a little strange.（这听起来可能有点奇怪）构成转折关系，尽管这种方法有点奇怪，但确实有 效。应选A项。【20题详解】下文 u Compassion helps your brain become more flexible, and lets your brain have a wi
27、der sense of whafs going on, and it gives you access to more ideas on how to act.（同情心帮助你的大脑变 得更灵活，让你的大脑对正在发生的事情有更广泛的认识，它让你获得更多关于如何行动的 想法）讲到同情心对大脑的具体影响，是对C项Thats in part because it changes your brain.（局部原因是它改变了你的大脑）是观点的解释和说明，其中“brain become more flexible”和 your brain have a wider sense of whats going
28、 on与 C 项中 changes your brain相照应。应选C项。第三局部语言知识运用（共两节，总分值45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每题分，总分值30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Lifeart is a student-run organization founded by my friend at my school in Boston.lt21 its members to make artwork to sell for funding cancer research. 22 th
29、e students at our school can support us only so much, we went to the 23 of Boston one spring day to sell our artwork to the public.We 24 a stand near the entrance of a subway station, 25 that people might bemore likely to 26 our artwork when heading home. The situation was quite hard to 27 at first.
30、 It was windy that day, so our canvases （ML布）kept on28. Being shy aswell, we were 29 to ask people if they would considerbuying our artwork. I suddenlyhad great 30 for vendors （商贩）.We were also afraid of being 31. Did we need alicense? We werent sure of what we weredoing, and we didnt have teachers
31、to 32 infor damage control. Thankfully, noone drove us away.33, a braver girl, Luna, approached our first 34. Although hedid not buyanything, it 35 a little courage in the rest of us. Gradually, our36 grew with eachnew customer Luna had led to our little stand. In a pure act ofcourage, I talked to a
32、Korean woman passing by. I felt a bit 37 when she said thatshe didnt have time, butmy courage had 38 with this short conversation with astranger. I went on talking tomore people.At the end of the day, we sold a large amount of artwork. It might not have been asmuch as we expected, but we 39 that the
33、 experience of gaining and 40 ourcouragemade up for the days shortcomings. I look forward to another one of these trips.21.A.affectsB.forcesC.servesD.gathers22.A.SinceB.OnceC.WhileD.If23.A.museumsB.shopsC.streetsD.stations24.A.turned upB.set upC.picked upD.broke up25.A.thinkingB.provingC.assessingD.
34、admitting26.A.spotB.buyC.appreciateD.design27.A.handleB.recognizeC.analyzeD.confirm28.A.fadingB.flowingC.fallingD.flashing29.A.anxiousB.eagerC.willingI).hesitant30.A.considerationB.respectC.pityD.curiosity31.A.arrestedB.ignoredC.cheatedD.refused32.A.joinB.stepC.cutD.fit33.A.ImmediatelyB.GraduallyC.S
35、lowlyD.Finally34.A.friendB.customerC.agentD.stranger35.A.approvedB.concludedC.createdD.inspired36.A.strengthB.fortuneC.patienceD.confidence37.A.annoyedB.relaxedC.embarrassedD.delighted38.A.stayedB.crowdedC.risenD.decreased39. A. agreed40. A. agreedB. promisedC. announcedD. decided41. A. losingB. mak
36、ingC.exercisingD.observing【答案】21.D22. A23. C 24. B25. A26. B 27. A28. C 29. D30. B 31. A32. B33. D 34. B35. D36. D 37. C38. C 39.A 40. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了我们进行的一场街头义卖的经历与收获。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它召集其成员制作艺术品出售，以资助癌症研究。A. affects影 响；B. forces 强迫；C. serves 效劳；D. gathers 聚集、召集。根据 “its members to make artw
37、orkv 可知，该组织召集其成员制作艺术品出售，应选D。【22题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：由于我们学校的学生只能支持我们这么多，我们在一个春日里去 波士顿街头向公众出售我们的艺术品。A. Since因为；B. Once一旦；C.While虽然；D. If 如果。根据句意可知前后是因果关系，因为在学校筹不够善款，所以我们才走上街头义卖， 应选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. museums博物馆；B. shops商店；C.streets街道；D. stations 车站。根据下文u a stand near the entrance of a subway stationz
38、/以及义卖的情节可知，我们是 在街头义卖，应选C。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们在一个地铁站的入口处搭了一个摊位，认为人们回家时可能 更愿意购置我们的艺术品。A. turned up出现；B.setup建立、搭建；C. picked up捡起；D. broke up打碎。根据宾语a stand可知此处指“搭建摊位，应选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. thinking认为;B. proving证明；C.assessing评价;D. admitting 成认。根据语境可知，空后内容是我们在地铁站入口处搭摊位时的想法，应选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。
39、A.spot看见；B.buy买;C.appreciate欣赏;D. design设计。 我们是在街头义卖，自然是希望人们买我们的艺术品，应选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初情况很难处理。A. handle处理；B.recognize认出；C. analyze 分析；D. confirm确认。根据主语situation以及后一句“那天风大，所以我们 帆布一直在 往下掉可知，起初情况很难处理，应选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:那天风大，所以我们的帆布一直在往下掉。A. fading褪色；B. flowing 流动；C. falling 倒塌、掉落；D. flashing
40、闪光。根据It was windy that day”可知， 由于风很大，搭建摊位的帆布一直在往下掉，应选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于害羞，我们也不太愿意1犹豫）问别人是否会考虑购置我 们的艺术品。A. anxious焦急的;B.eager渴望的;C.willing愿意的；D. hesitant犹豫的。根 据shy可知，由于害羞，我们也不太愿意问别人是否会考虑购置我们的作品，踌躇不前，很 犹豫，应选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我突然对小商贩心生敬意。A. consideration考虑；B. respect敬意;C.pity可惜；D.curiosity好奇。结
41、合上文风大，摊位不好搭可知，我体会到了在街上卖东西 的不易，而小商贩无论刮风下雨都要出摊，我不免心生敬意，应选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们也害怕被城管抓。我们需要执照吗？ A. arrested逮捕；B. ignored 无视;C. cheated 欺骗；D. refused 拒绝。后文 “Did we need a license?”说明我们担 忧被城管抓，应选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，我们不知道自己在做什么，也没有老师介入（帮助处理）。A. join参加；B.step步入；C.cut切断；D.任适应。在街头的义卖行为是我们自己组织的， 万一发生了情况
42、没有老师帮助解决，这一点也是我们担忧的，应选B。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，一个勇敢的女孩，露娜，走近了我们的第一位顾客。A. Immediately立即；B. Gradually逐渐;C.Slowly慢慢；D. Finally最后。在经历了一系列的 准备和担忧之后，我们终于迎来了第一位顾客，应选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. friend朋友；B. customer顾客；C.agent代理；D. stranger 陌生人。我们是在街头义卖，自然是迎来了第一位顾客，应选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他什么也没买，但这使我们大家都鼓起了一点勇气
43、。A. approved赞成；B. concluded推断；C.created创造;D.inspired鼓励。我们迎来了第一位顾 客，虽然什么都没买，但也足以激起我的勇气了，应选D。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我们的信心随着露娜带来的每一位新客户而增长。A. strength 力量；B. fortune 命运；C. patience 耐心；D. confidence 信心。根据下文“In a pure act of courage”可知此处指“信心”，应选D。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她说她没有时间时，我感到有点为难，但我的勇气随着与一个 陌生人的简短交谈而增强
44、。我继续和更多的人交谈。A. annoyed恼怒的；B.relaxed放松的; C. embarrassed 为难的；D. delighted 快乐的。根据 “when she said that she didnt have time” 可知，当她说她没有时间时，我感到有点为难，应选C。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. stayed停留；B. crowded拥挤；C.risen上升；D. decreased 减少。根据I went on talking to more people.可知，我的勇气随着与一个陌生人的简短交 谈而增强，应选C。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：
45、最后，我们卖出了很多艺术品。这可能没有我们预期的那么多， 但我们一致认为，获得和锻炼勇气的经历弥补了今天的缺乏。A. agreed同意、一致认为； B. promised承诺;C.announced宣布;D. decided决定。空后的内容是我们的收获，是我们 一致的想法，应选A。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. losing失去；B. making制作；C. exercising锻炼;D. observing 观察。根据上文的讲述可知，这次义卖活动锻炼了我们的勇气，让我们收获了信心，应选C。 第二节(共10个小题；每题分，总分值15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或
46、括号内单词的正确形式。September usually marks the start of a new season. In the UK, people will tell you its “autumn” . However, across the Atlantic people tend 41 (use) both “fhll” and “autumn“ when referring to this time of year. Why does it have to be so42 (confuse)?Before both words came into 43 (exist) in
47、 the vocabulary, the seasons separating the cold and warm months didnt have common names. The main work people did during the pre-winter period was harvesting crops, so it 44 (call) “harvest” in Old English.Then, in the 1600s, more people left the farmland and moved into cities.45 farming, the term “harvest“ became less useful to citizens. Some Englishspeakers needed 46 different name for the season. They knew 47 (leaf) fell from trees during that season, so people called the season “the fall of the leaf7