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1、高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点带答案单项选择题（精选试题名师出品）To develop advanced technology, we must first develop in the young people.A. resourceB. opportunityC. facilityD. creativityIf we want to achieve success or get over the difficulties on the way, we shouldnt focus too much on the side of our life .A. positiveB. advan
2、tageC. negativeD. disadvantageHe is under great because of his new job.A. stressB. strengthC. streamD. pushIt is said that the San Francisco earthquake of 1906 had a of 8.3.A. detailB. magnitudeC. honourD. marathon5 Finally, the man became ill under the great of work.A. frightenedB. lovelyC. pressur
3、eD. unfamiliarAnyone cant leave school without the head teachers.A. permissionB. permitC. possibilityD. predictionI missed the first of the play.A. sceneB. novelC. envelopeD. patienceWe will explore a different to gathering information.A. adventureB. approachC. advanceD. addition9、Be as careful of t
4、he books you read, as of the you keep, for your habits and character will be as muchinfluenced by the as by the latter.A. resentment.formalB. company . .formerC. hatred.formalD. virtue.former15、答案:B解析：考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：小学教师在课堂活动中使用大量的视觉教具，使教学更容易。A. medical 医疗的；B.visual视觉的;C. first第一的；D.band乐队。根据Primar
5、y school teachers ”可知，小学老师需要使 用视觉教具。应选B。16、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你不应该对你的朋友那么粗鲁。我觉得你应该向他抱歉。A. apology抱歉；B.favour偏爱；C. debt债务；D. attempt试图。根据so rude to your friend”可知，此处应该是因为对朋友的不礼 貌而向他抱歉。应选A项。17、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于高三年级课业紧张，课业繁重，许多学生不得不利用午休时间来完成作业。A. schedule 日程安排；B. investigation 调查；C. performance 表现；
6、D. impression E象。根据heavy workload of Grade 12可知，高三年级日程安排紧张。应选A项。18、答案:B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：莎拉脸上的表情告诉我她生气了。A.confidence信心；B.expression表情； C.appearance外貌；D.impression印象。根据told me that she got annoyed”可知，此处是指脸上的表情。应选 Bo19、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如何提高环保意识已成为下次会议要讨论的最重要的问题之一。A. errors错误；B. performances 表演；C. issue
7、s 问题,重要议题;D. behaviors 行为。根据句意和句中“How to raise the awareness10 of environmental protection可知，如何提高环保意识应该是会议上要讨论的问题，issue意为问题，重要议题，符合语境，one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，意为最之一，故空格处用issue的复数形 式issues”。应选C项。20、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：力图帮助环境，在我们镇上不允许使用塑料袋。A. attempt试图；B. stuff材料；C. depth深度；D. disaster灾难。根据前后文的意思可知用in
8、an attempt表示“力图、试图符合句意。应选A项。21、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的人愿意接受公共教育，这意味着公众和国家对教育的认可和支持。A.realization 实现;B.profession 专业；C.recognition 成认，认可；D.acquisition（知识、技能等的）获得。根据are willing to ”可知,人们愿意说明大家认可。应选Co22、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：公司送给他一块金表，以感谢他20年来的良好服务。Achievement成就；B.appreciation感激；C.attention注意；D.agreement
9、同意。根据句意，他为公司服务20年，给他一块表以示 感谢。应选B。23、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：恐怕我帮不了你的忙，这事我无能为力。A. force武力；B. strength力量；C. energy 能量；D. power 能力。根据上文I am afraid I can not help you as it is beyond my可知为短语 beyond ones power表示“力所不及。应选Do24、答案：D解析:11 考查名词词义辨析。句意:英语老师要求学生们给出课文概要。A. ballet芭蕾舞；B. senior较年长的人；C.generation 一代人；D.
10、summary 概要。 由上下文“The English teacher asked the students to give a of thetext.可知，老师要求学生给出课文的摘要，应选D。25、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：蝴蝶是一种会飞的昆虫，身体细长，有四只通常色彩鲜艳的大翅膀。A.dolphin海 豚；Bdnosaur恐龙;C.poster海报；D.insect昆虫。根据butterfly可知,这是一种昆虫。应选D。26、答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：杰瑞一直在认真地为即将到来的英语考试做准备，以便他有把握第一次就通过。A:rescue 营救;B:attempt尝试;C:
11、purpose目的;D:request要求.固定句式at ones first attempt在某人第一次尝试时，结合 句意，应选B。27、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：珍妮说她这辈子从没想过自己会唱歌，但现在，在唱诗班唱歌让她摆脱了所谓的 “灰暗日子。A.reality现实；B.relief减轻，解除;emission任务;D.fault错误。根据句意以及But now可知, 但现在，在唱诗班唱歌让她摆脱了所谓的灰暗日子。应选B项。28、答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：一起作战的士兵通常有强烈的兄弟情谊。A. brotherhood兄弟情谊；B. brother兄弟；C.brother
12、s 兄弟（复数）；D. brotherly 兄弟的。根据上文“Soldiers who are fighting together（一起作战的士兵）可知, 一起作战的士兵会有强烈的兄弟情谊，所以此处指兄弟情谊，应用名词brotherhood,应选A。29、答案：B解析:12 考查动词短语辨析和名词词义辨析。句意：我们大多数人只愿意把批评的冷风施加到别人身上，但不知何故 却不愿意把赞美的温暖阳光给予我们的同伴。A. respond to对作出回应，conflict冲突，矛盾；B. apply to 把应用到，把施加到，criticism批评；C.reactto对作出反映，threat威胁；D.r
13、eply to对作 出回复，superiority优越，优势。根据while可知，前后两句表示转折关系。所以，the cold wind of 和第二句话中的give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise正好相反。和 praise 相反的是“批评(criticism)”。 所以应该选Bo apply sth. to sb.意为将应用到，将施加到。该处指apply the cold wind of criticism to others(将批评的冷风施加到别人身上，即：批评别人)。应选B。30、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位官员正在为一个关于
14、大象保护的四国区域会议准备文件。A. constitution构成, 组成；B. affection喜爱;C.conservation保护；D.production生产。这里指关于大象保护的文件。应选C。31答案：D解析：考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：他很快就适应了新环境。换句话说，他的适应能力更强。A. adoption, adaptive采用；适应的,常用在专业术语当中；B.adaptation, adaptive适应；适应的；C. adapt, adaptable动词, 适应；能适应的，适应性强的，指在生活中表示适应能力强；D. adaptation, adaptable适应；能适应的
15、，适应 性强的。第一空根据后文“to the new surroundings”可知指适应新环境，应用make a quick adaptation；第二空 表示在新环境中适应能力强应用形容词adaptableo应选D。32、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你没有做错任何事你应该问心无愧。A.costume戏装；B.corporation公司；Ccontest竞赛;D.conscience良心;内疚。根据You didnt do anything wrong可知,你没有做错任何事你应该问心无愧。应选D项。33、答案：B解析:13 考查名词词义辨析。句意：汽车工业宣称电动汽车将在未来十年成
16、为主流。A. entrance入口； B. decade十年;C committee委员会;D. feedback反应。根据句意以及前文over the next可知,此处指“在未来十年。应选B 项。34、答案：B解析：考查倒装句，时态和名词。句意：在一个树木繁茂的小山谷里有两个城镇，都坐落在美丽的环境中。分析句 子可知，表示方位的介副词短语置于句首，句子使用全部倒装，根据句意用一般现在时，lie位于，lay是lie 的过去式，故排除C、D项，主语是two towns,是复数，故谓语动词用复数，surrounding周围的，是形容 词，surroundings环境是名词，形容词beautifu
17、l修饰名词surroundings作介词宾语，应选B。35、答案:C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：袁隆平一生致力于高产水稻的研究和开发，为中国的粮食平安做出了杰出的贡献。A. lack缺乏;B. cuisine风味；C.security平安;D.purchase采购。由语意可知，袁隆平一生致力于研究高产、 平安的水稻。应选C项。36、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我很高兴我们有能力生产这么多食物。A. friction摩擦力；B.clue线索；C. capacity （领悟或理解、办事）能力；D.physician医师，内科医生。根据前后文句意可知，此处指有能力生产足够的 食物。应选C
18、项。37、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jay Leno曾经说过，每一次挑战都在测试主持人的资源，大多数的解决方法都属于 偶然。A. accident偶然；B.custom风俗；C.event工程，大事件；D.occasion场合。根据句意分析可知,此处 表示“解决方式属于偶然，表达为accident。应选A。1438、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校应该定期教授音乐，因为音乐对儿童大脑的发育有好处。A. systems体系，系 统；B. priorities 优先事项；C. barriers 障碍；D. benefits 好处。根据Music should be taugh
19、t on a regular basis in schools”推知，音乐对儿童大脑的开展是有好处的。应选D。小提示：39、答案：D解析：考查句子成分。句意：我的哥哥是一名警察。句子中，my brother”为主语，is为系动词，a policeman在系 动词后作表语。应选D。40、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:警察命令他未经允许不得离开这座城市。A. atmosphere气氛；B.bacon熏肉；C. curiosity好奇心；D. permission许可。由The police ordered him可知，此处应该是“未经允许不得离开这座城 市”,permission符合句意。
20、应选D项。41、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然大卫遭到了学校篮球队的拒绝，但他并没有放弃自己的梦想，并继续努力练 习。A. interaction 互动；B. companionship 友谊；C. cooperation 合作；D. rejection 拒绝。根据上下文的转折 关系，可知大卫遭到了学校篮球队的拒绝，拒绝(rejection)符合语境和句意，应选D。42、答案：D解析：考查省略和名词词义辨析。句意：在他成长的过程中，他听的唯一的音乐就是爵士乐，因此他对爵士乐有特 殊的偏爱。while引导时间状语从句时，如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，那么从句的主语和be动词都可15
21、以省略,所以 while （he was） growing。preference （爱好，偏爱的事物）；interest （兴趣）。show a preference现出偏爱）。根据The only thing he listened to while up was Jazz music可知，他对爵士乐有特殊的偏爱。应选D。43、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在没有必要告诉我你的答案。考虑一下，然后告诉我。A,thought思考；Bo strengths 力量；C.protection 保护；D.authority 权威。根据There is no need to tell me y
22、our answer now可知， 现在没有必要告诉我你的答案。考虑一下，然后告诉我。应选A项。44、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：王教授上学期开了两门研究生课程。A. flash闪现；B. teenager青少年；C.semester 学期；D. focus 焦点。由上文“Professor Wang offered two graduate courses last可知，王教授是在上学 期开了两门研究生课程，应选C。45、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：运发动们正在焦急地等待着比赛的最终结果，因为这是进入下一轮所必需的。A.outcome结果；B. outline概述；C e
23、back重返；D.cooperation合作。根据句意本句指比赛结果。应选A。46、答案：C解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的20年里，汤姆父母的行为和话语都对他有关键的影响。根据时间 状语during the past twenty years可知，句子谓语用现在完成时。当as well as并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就 远原那么，即和behavior保持一致，所以要用第三人称单数形式。应选C。47、答案：D解析:16 考查名词。句意：我们有过一些分歧，但我们仍然是好朋友。分析句子可知，设空处单词在句中作宾语，应 用名词，disagree意为不同意，动词词性,故A和B排除，disag
24、reement意为分歧，为可数名词，句中 “a few意为“一些，几个，后接可数名词复数形式，故空格处应用disagreement的复数形式disagreements”。 应选D项。48、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一你在英国逗留期间印象最深的是什么？ 一一女王访问我们学校时，我有幸见到 了她。A.treaty 条约;B. privilege 特权,荣幸；C. inspiration 灵感;D. exploration 探测。have the privilege of doing sth 很荣幸做某事是固定短语。应选B项。49、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：封锁令印度经济陷
25、入困境，其GDP出现了历史上最严重的收缩。A. motion运动；dissatisfaction 不满；C. conservation 保护；D. contraction 收缩。 根据 The lockdown hobbled Indias economy 及常识可知，封锁使经济陷入困境，从而造成了 GDP的收缩(contraction) o应选D项。50、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们心目中，王教授是一个博学的，和蔼的人，因此，我们对他很尊敬。A.attention 注意；B. respect 尊敬；C. struggle 斗争；D.request 请求。 根据“Profess
26、or Wang is a learned and kind man可知，在我们心目中，王教授是一个博学的，和蔼的人，因此，我们对他很尊敬。show our respect for(向某人表敬意)可知，选B。51、答案：D解析：考查动词短语和名词词义辨析。句意：人们屡次提到那次洪水，以证明采取预防措施是很重要的。第一空表 示“提到，提及应用短语refer to；结合上文“it，s important to take preventive指采取预防措施，应用take measures,也可以说成 take actiono 应选 Do1752、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于12年级的时间
27、紧课业重，很多学生不得不利用午休时间完成作业。A.schedule时间表；B.pressure压力；C.performance表现；D.impression印象。由语意可知，很多学生不得不 利用午休时间完成作业，说明他们的时间安排紧张。应选A项。53、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：诺里斯在比赛的前几轮中两次击倒了对手。A. opponent对手；B.asteroid海星；C. nephew侄子；D. triathlete三项全能运发动。根据语境，诺里斯两次击倒的应该是自己的对手，opponent表 示，对手符合语意。应选a项。54、答案：C解析：考查名词所有格。句意：获胜者将得到价值1
28、0英镑的书籍。worth价值，为名词，通常worth后面跟着of, 而且句子里一般含有具体金钱数额。ten pounds，后接名词，而worthy是形容词，应选C。55、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:就业市场上的选择过程是基于标准能力测试和经验。A. concept概念，定义；B.crew全体船员,全体机组人员；C. competence能力；D.cruelty残忍,残酷。根据语意以及下文“experience” 可知，就业市场的选择标准是依据求职人的能力和经验。应选C项。1810、Her own experience as a child was marked with advers
29、ity in her youth, she was rejected from a preschool and called horrible names, even by adults.(找出划线单词的同义词或英文解释)A. fortuneB. hardshipsC. prideD. kindness11、 The football always reminds me of my mistake in that match, so I put it away somewhere out of my.A. sceneB. sceneryC. controlD. sight12、A poor e
30、conomy has caused the of thousands of small businesses.A. complexityB. collapseC. convenienceD. correctionOne difficult task faced by both developed and developing countries is to guarantee the of naturalresources at the lowest possible environmental cost.A. inspectionB. exploitationC. contradiction
31、D. exception14、They put an in a newspaper looking for rock musicians.A. mapB. advertiseC. informationD. advertisementPrimary school teachers use a lot of aids in their class activities to make their teaching easier.A. medicalB. visualC. firstD. bandYou shouldnt have been so rude to your friend. I th
32、ink you owe him a(n).A. apologyB. favourC. debtD. attemptBecause of the tight and heavy workload of Grade 12, many students have to make use of their lunchbreak to finish homework.A. scheduleB. investigationC. performanceD. impression18、The on Sarahs face told me that she got annoyed.A. confidenceB.
33、 expressionC. appearanceD. impression19 How to raise the awareness of environmental protection has become one of the most important to be discussed next meeting.A. errorsB. performancesC. issuesD. behaviorsPlastic bags are not allowed in our town in a(n)to help the environment.A. attempts. stuffC. d
34、epthD. disaster21、The fact that more and more people are willing to enter public education means the increased of andsupport for teaching among the public and nation.A. realizations. professionC. recognitionD. acquisitionThe company presented him with a gold watch in of his 20 years of good service.
35、A. achievementB. appreciationC. attentionD. agreementI am afraid I can not help you as it is beyond my.A. forceB. strengthC. energyD. power24、The English teacher asked the students to give a of the text.A. balletB. seniorC. generationD. summary25 A butterfly is a flying with a long thin body and fou
36、r large, usually brightly coloured, wings.A. dolphinB. dinosaurC. posterD. insect26、Jerry has been preparing carefully for the coming English test so that he can be sure of passing it at his firstA. rescueB. attemptC. purposeD. request27 Jenny said that she had never thought in her life that she wou
37、ld ever sing .But now, singing in the choir provides from what she calls the gray days.A. realityB. reliefC. missionD. fault28、 Soldiers who are fighting together often have a strong feeling of.A. brotherhoods. brotherC. brothersD. brotherly29、While most of us are only too ready to others the cold w
38、ind of, we are somehow reluctantto give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise.A. respond to.conflicts. apply to .criticismC. react to.threatD. reply to.superiority30、 The official is preparing documents for a four-nation regional meeting on elephant.A. constitutionB. affectionC. conservationD. pro
39、ductionHe made a quick to the new surroundings. In other words, he was more.A. adoption, adaptiveB. adaptation, adaptiveC. adapt, adaptableD. adaptation, adaptable31、 You didnt do anything wrongyou should have a clear.A. costumeB. corporationC. contestD. conscience33、The motor industry declares that
40、 electric cars will become mainstream （主流）over the next.A. entranceB. decadeC. committeeD. feedbackIn a small wooded valley two towns, both set in beautiful.A. lies; surroundingB. lie; surroundingsC. lay; surroundingD. did lie; surroundings35、Yuan Longping devoted his life to the research and develo
41、pment of high-yielding rice, making outstanding contributions to Chinas food.A. lackB. cuisineC. securityD. purchase36、Im pleased that we do have the to produce so much food.A. frictionB. clueC. capacityD. physician37、Jay Leno, the host of the “Tonight show, once said that every new challenge put al
42、l the resources of the host to the test, and most solutions belonged to the.A. accidentB. customC. eventD. occasion38、Music should be taught on a regular basis in schools because of the it can bring to the development ofchildrens brains.A. systemsB. prioritiesC. barriersD. benefits39、My brother 3 a
43、policeman划线成分是A.主语B.谓语C.宾语D.表语The police ordered him not to leave the city without.A. atmosphereB. baconC. curiosityD. permission41、Though David received the from the school basketball team, he didnt give up his dream andcontinued practicing hard.A. interactionB. companionshipC. cooperationD. reject
44、ionThe only thing he listened to while up was Jazz music, for which he showed a particular.A. grew; preferences, was growing; interestC. grown; interestD. growing; preferenceThere is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some and then let me know.A. thoughtB. strengthsC. protectionD. authority
45、44、Professor Wang offered two graduate courses last.A. flashB. teenagerC. semesterD. focus The athletes are anxiously waiting for the final of the game, because it is essential for them to go intothe next round.A. outcomeB. outlineC. comebackD. cooperationToms parents behavior, as well as their word
46、s a key effect on him during the past twenty years.A. haveB. have hadC. has hadD. hasWe/ve had a few, but were still good friends.A. disagreeB. disagreesC. disagreementD. disagreements 48、- What impressed you most during your stay in Britain?-I had the of meeting the Queen when she visited our schoo
47、l.A. treatyB. privilegeC. inspirationD. exploration49 The lockdown hobbled Indias economy and its GDP recorded the sharpest in its history.A. motionB. dissatisfactionC. conservationD. contraction50、In our mind, Professor Wang is a learned and kind man, so we showed our for him.A. attentions. respect
48、C. struggleD. requestThat flood has been several times to prove that its important to take preventive.A. referred to, actionsB. referred, measureC. referred, actionD. referred to, measures51、 Because of the tight and heavy workload of Grade 12, many students have to make use of their lunchbreak to finish homework.A. scheduleB. pressureC. performanceD. impressionNorris twice knocked down his in the ear