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1、高中英语高考英语名词知识点专项训练带答案单项选择题(精选试题-名师出品)The disk where you are trying to save the file has a on length of the file names.A. contexts. qualitiesC. limitationD. ranges答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你试图保存文件的磁盘对文件名的长度有限制。根据空格前的冠词a,可知空格处 要填可数名词单数。根据句意，可知此处意指在文件名长度上有限制。应选C项。2、The number of the people using Huawei is gett
2、ing larger and largerA. culturesB. customersC. historiesD. products答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：使用华为产品的人数越来越多。A. cultures文化；B. customers客户；C. histories 历史；D. products产品。根据the people using Huawei及常识可知，此处指华为产品。应选D。3 great fun we had snowmen!A. What a, makingB. What a, to makeC. What, to makeD. What, making答案：D解
3、析：考查感叹句和非谓语动词。句意：我们堆雪人是多么有趣啊!”做某事开心是have fun (in)doingsth.此处用 makingo句子是what+(a/an)+形容词+可数名词/不可数名词+主语+谓语+其他！结构的感叹句，句中名词fun 是不可数名词，前面不用不定冠词。应选D。4、We take plagiarism (票U窃)very seriously and, as a result, our publishing platform includes a comprehensive system to ensure.A. adaptations. maturityC. origi
4、nalityD. distinctivenessA. tourB. voyageC. tripD. journey答案：C解析：考查名词辨析。句意：星期四我们去出差了。A.tour观光；B.voyage航行；C.trip出差或度假等短途旅行； D.journey不知终点的长途旅行。business trip出差、商务旅行，应选C。小提示：32、 It is quite possible to understand the meaning of a new word or phrase from the.A. contexts. accentC. senseD. character答案：A解析：
5、考查名词词义辨析。句意：从上下文中理解一个新词或短语的意思是完全可能的。A. context上下文，语境；B.accent 口音；C. sense 感觉，意识；D. character 性格。根据句意和句中understand the meaning of a new word or phrase可知，我们应该通过上下文理解一个新词或短语的意思，context意为上下文，语境，符 合句意。应选A项。33、They are building the bridge in with another company.A. constructionB. comparisonC. contrastD. a
6、ssociation答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们正在和另一个公司合作修建桥。A.construction修建，构造；B parison tL 较；C.contrast比照；Dissociation合伙。根据句意，本句考查固定短语搭配in association with意为和 合 作。应选D项。34、 To develop advanced technology, we must first develop in the young people.A. resourceB. opportunityC. facilityD. creativity10答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。
7、句意：要开展先进技术，首先要培养青年人的创造力。A. resource资源；B. opportunity 机会；C. facility设备、设施；D.creativity创造力。根据To develop advanced technology”可知，开展先进技术 首先要开展创造力。应选D项。35 Safety should be a in any industry and it should come as no surprise that addressing safety issuesearly can actually save money, long-term, for compani
8、es.A. priorityB. paceC. poseD. peak答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在任何行业中，平安都应该是优先考虑的问题，对于公司来说，尽早解决平安问 题实际上可以长期节省资金，这一点也不奇怪。A. priority优先；B. pace速度；C. pose姿势；D. peak山峰。根据前后文Safety should be a in any industry指平安是优先考虑的问题，应用priority。应选A。36、 He is under great because of his new job.A. stressB. strengthC. streamD. pu
9、sh答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为新工作，他现在的压力很大。A.stress压力；B.strength力量；C.stream小河; D.push推。under great stress表示：压力很大。由此可知A符合语境,应选A。37、 It is said that the San Francisco earthquake of 1906 had a of 8.3.A. detailB. magnitudeC. honourD. marathon答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：据说1906年旧金山地震的震级为8.3级。A. detail细节；B. magnitude震级；C.
10、11honour荣誉；D.marathon马拉松。表示地震的震级需用名词magnitude。应选B。38 is very important in our everyday life.A. GreetB. GreetingC. GreetingsD. Greets答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：问候在我们的日常生活中是非常重要的。此处作主语，表示问候应用名词greeting,根据 后文is可知用单数。应选B。39、 Anyone can/t leave school without the head teachers.A. permissionB. permitC. possibilityD.
11、prediction答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有校长的允许，任何人都不能离开学校。A.permission允许；B. permit许可证；C.possibility可能性；D.prediction预测。without ones permission未经许可为固定短语,符合句意。应选A项。40 What/s the matter? Hes been walking around with.He failed the examination.A. a long faceB. a wide faceC. a straight faceD. a good face答案：A解析：考查名词短
12、语辨析。句意：一有什么事吗?他一直愁眉苦脸地走来走去。一他考试不及格。A. a long face板着 脸，愁眉苦脸；B.a wide face一张宽的脸；C.a straight face没有表情的脸，一本正经的脸；D. a good face好 的相貌。由语意可知，他考试不及格导致他愁眉苦脸。应选A项。41 、 We will explore a different to gathering information.A. adventureB. approachC. advanceD. addition12答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们将探索一种不同的方法来收集信息。A.adv
13、enture探险；冒险；B.approach方 法；C.advance进步；D.addition附加物;补充物。短语:approach to sth.zz的方法，此处指收集信息的一 种不同的方法，应选B。42 Be as careful of the books you read, as of the you keep, for your habits and character will be as muchinfluenced by the as by the latter.A. resentment.formalB. company . .formerC. hatred.formalD.
14、 virtue.former答案：B解析：考查名词和形容词辨析。句意：对你所读的书和你所结交的朋友要同样谨慎，因为你的习惯和性格受到前者 （书籍）和后者（朋友）的影响一样大。A.resentment愤怒，formal正式的；B pany同伴，former前者（的）；C.hatred 憎恨,formal 正式的;D. virtue 美德，former 前者（的）。根据“Be as careful of the booksyou read可知，第一空拿读书和交友作比拟，所以选同伴；根据the latter可知，第二空将前者和后者进行 比照，所以选前者，应选B。43、I am so lucky ha
15、ving you as my English teacher. Having a good teacher like you has made much of a for me.Thanks for saying so, but as I see it, your success was largely due to your own hard work.A. differences. dealC. decisionD. point答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析和固定短语。句意：一一我很幸运有你是我的英语老师。有一个像你这样的好老师对我产 生了很大的影响。一一谢谢你这么说，但在我看来，你的成功
16、在很大程度上是由于你自己的努力。A.13 difference不同；B.deal交易；C.decision决定；D.point要点。短语make a difference,意为“有影响，根据 句意，应选A。44 The age of the students ranged from 17 to 21 with a （n）of 19.A. averageB. usualC. normalD. regular答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生的年龄从17岁到21岁不等，平均年龄为19岁。A. average平均；B. usual通 常;C. normal正常；D.regular常客，主力。
17、结合“from 17 to 21可知,此处指平均年龄是19岁，应选A项。45 The method seemed to work, as I gained the respect of my, peers, and subordinates.A. alumniB. internsC. colleaguesD. seniors答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种方法似乎奏效了，因为我赢得了长辈、同龄人和下属的尊重。A. alumni校友;interns 实习生;C. colleagues 同事；D. seniors 长辈。根据后面 peers （同龄人）and subordinates （
18、下属）, 可知此处应该是长辈。应选D项。46 One difficult task faced by both developed and developing countries is to guarantee the of naturalresources at the lowest possible environmental cost.A. inspections. exploitationC. contradictionD. exception答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：兴旺国家和开展中国家面临的一项艰巨任务是保证以尽可能低的环境代价开发自然资源。A. inspection
19、检查；B.exploitation利用，开发；C.contradiction矛盾；D. exception例外。根据语境和 后文“of natural resources at the lowest possible environmental cost可知，此处指自然资源的开发。应选 B 项。47 They put an in a newspaper looking for rock musicians.14A. mapB. advertiseC. informationD. advertisement答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在报纸上登广告寻找摇滚音乐家。A. map地图；
20、B. advertise登广告；C.information信息;D. advertisement广告。由空后“looking for rock musicians”可知，此处表示登广告寻找摇滚音 乐家，不定冠词an后需接名词advertisemento应选D。48、 Jim has changed a lot this year and has made a good on others.A. stressB. confusionC. impressionD. campus答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：吉姆今年变化很大，给别人留下了很好的印象。A.stress压力；B.confusio
21、n困惑；C.impression印象；D.campus校园。由前面的Jim has changed a lot可知,句子表示“吉姆今年变化很大,给别 人留下了很好的印象,make a good impression on sb.是固定短语,意为“给某人留下很好的印象,应选Co49 You shouldnt have been so rude to your friend. I think you owe him a(n).A. apologyB. favourC. debtD. attempt答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你不应该对你的朋友那么粗鲁。我觉得你应该向他抱歉。A. apol
22、ogy抱歉；B.favour偏爱；C.debt债务;D. attempt试图。根据so rude to your friend”可知，此处应该是因为对朋友的不礼 貌而向他抱歉。应选A项。50 On your way to New York William will keep you if you dont want to be lonely.A. companyB. companionC. safetyD. friend答案：A15解析：考查名词词义辨析和固定搭配。句意：在你去纽约的路上，威廉将会陪着你如果你不想太孤单的话。A. company陪伴；B. companion同伴；C.safet
23、y平安；D.friend朋友。根据句意可知，固定搭配keep ones company意为陪伴某人最合适。应选A。51、The on Sarahs face told me that she got annoyed.A. confidences. expressionC. appearanceD. impression答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：莎拉脸上的表情告诉我她生气了。A.confidence信心；B.expression表情；C.appearance外貌；D.impression印象。根据told me that she got annoyed”可知，此处是指脸上的表情。应选
24、 Bo52 How to raise the awareness of environmental protection has become one of the most important to bediscussed next meeting.A. errorsB. performancesC. issuesD. behaviors答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如何提高环保意识已成为下次会议要讨论的最重要的问题之一。A. errors错误；B. performances 表演；C. issues 问题，重要议题；D. behaviors 行为。根据句意和句中“How to ra
25、ise the awareness of environmental protection”可知，如何提高环保意识”应该是会议上要讨论的问题，issue意为问题，重要 议题，符合语境，one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，意为最之一，故空格处用issue的复数形 式“issues”。应选C项。53、 There come two buses. The former is very crowded, but there is much room in.A. lateB. laterC. latterD. the latter答案：D16解析: 考查名词。句意：来了两辆公共汽车。前面一
26、辆非常拥挤，但后面一辆有很大的空间。A.late迟（的），作形容词或副词；B. later后来（的），作形容词或副词；C.latter后者（的），作形容词或名词；D. the latter 后者。根据There come two buses. The formehs very crowded”可知，这里特指两辆公共汽车的后面一辆。应选Do54、The fact that more and more people are willing to enter public education means the increased of andsupport for teaching among t
27、he public and nation.A. realizationB. professionC. recognitionD. acquisition答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的人愿意接受公共教育，这意味着公众和国家对教育的认可和支持。A.realization实现；B.profession专业；C.recognition成认，认可；D.acquisition（知识、技能等的）获得。根据are willing to 可知，人们愿意说明大家认可。应选C。55 Genius is one percent and ninety-nine percent perspiration
28、.A. collectionB. orientationC. inspirationD. resource答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：天才是百分之一的灵感加上百分之九十九的汗水。A. collection聚集；B.orientation 方向； 信仰；C. inspiration 灵感；D. resource 资源。 根据and ninety-nine percent perspiration.可矢口, 天才需要灵感，但更多的是汗水。应选C。56 The cloth has a of blue and white squares, which is very beautiful.A.
29、 paintingB. patternC. sampleD. model答案：B 解析:17 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这块布有蓝白方格的图案，非常漂亮。A. painting绘画；B.pattern模式，图案；C. sample样品；D.model模范。根据后文of blue and white squares指布有蓝白方格的图案，应用pattern。应选 Bo57 The English teacher asked the students to give a of the text.A. balletB. seniorC. generationD. summary答案：D解析：考查名词词义
30、辨析。句意：英语老师要求学生们给出课文概要。A. ballet芭蕾舞；B. senior较年长的人；C. generation 代人；D. summary 概要。 由上下文“The English teacher asked the students to give a of thetext.可知，老师要求学生给出课文的摘要，应选D。58 To fight against global warming, scientists are working on energy-saving measures to reduce fuel.A. consumptions. collectionC. co
31、mmitmentD. distribution答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了对抗全球变暖，科学家们正在研究减少燃料消耗的节能措施。A. consumption 消耗；B. collection 收藏品；C. commitment 承诺；D. distribution 分配。根据上文“To fight against global warming, scientists are working on energy-saving measures to reduce fuel”可知，指科学家们正在研究减少燃料消 耗的节能措施，来对抗全球变暖，应用consumption。应选A。59、J
32、erry has been preparing carefully for the coming English test so that he can be sure of passing it at his firstA. rescueB. attemptC. purposeD. request答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：杰瑞一直在认真地为即将到来的英语考试做准备，以便他有把握第一次就通过。A:rescue18 营救;B:attempt尝试;C:purpose目的;D:request要求.固定句式at ones first attempt在某人第一次尝试时，结合 句意，应选Bo60 I
33、want to know the sporting that catch the peoples attention in China.A. accidentsB. eventsC. incidentsD. occasion答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道在中国引起人们关注的体育赛事。A.accident意外、意外事故；B.event 大事、公开活动、比赛工程；C.incident事故、事件；D.occasion场合。分析句子可知，本句所谈到的是体育 赛事、体育活动，应选B。61、 We would like to see closer between parents and s
34、chools.A. evolutionB. cooperationC. expectationD. rejection答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们希望家长和学校之间的合作更加紧密。A. evolution进化；B.coorperation合作;C. expectation期望；D.rejection拒绝。根据closer和between parents and schools可知,此处表示希望家长和 学校紧密合作。应选B。62、 Born a poor family, Abraham Lincoln fought his way to the top and became the
35、 United States16，h President and one of the greatest in American history.A. of.shapesB. on.statuesC. into.figuresD. with.images答案:c解析：考查动词短语和可数名词复数。句意：亚伯拉罕林肯出生在一个贫穷的家庭，他一路奋斗到顶峰，成为美国 第16任总统，也是美国历史上最伟大的人物之一。第一空涉及born的短语搭配，bom of源于，出生于， born on出生于（时间），born into出身于（家庭），born with与生俱来，根据句意，第一空应填介词19答案：c解析
36、：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们非常重视剽窃，因此，我们的出版平台包括一个全面的系统，以确保原创性。 A.adaptation适应；B.maturity成熟；C.originality独创性，原创性；D.distinctiveness独特性。结合句意，重视 剽窃，禁止剽窃，为的是确保原创，空处意思应该是原创性。应选C。5、 Seeing the of my daughter playing with other kids on the beach, I felt so happy.A. sceneB. sceneryC. viewD. sight答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到女儿和其
37、他孩子在海滩上玩耍的场景，我感到很高兴。A. scene场景，场面；scenery （自然）风景；C.view视野,（从高处看到的）景色;D. sight景象,景点。根据playing with other kids on the beach”可知，这里描绘的是一个孩子们玩耍的场面，应用scene。应选A。6、 Malala Yousafzai, a（n）of womens rights, became a victim of terrorist attack.A. inventorB. competitorC. advocateD. composer答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：女权
38、倡导者Malala Yousafzai成为恐怖袭击的受害者。A. inventor创造者；B. competitor 竞争者；C. advocate 拥护者,倡导者；D. composer 创作者。根据“became a victim of terrorist attack.可知，Malala Yousafzai是女权的倡导者。应选C。7、 Visitors are not permitted anything without.A. touching; permitB. to touch; permitionC. to touch; permissionD. touching; allowan
39、ce答案：Cinto；第二空，shapes形状，statues雕塑，figures“知名人物,images图像，又根据句意,空处是指林肯 是美国历史上最伟大人物之一，表示人物，应用名词figure表示。应选C项。63、I want to buy as a birthday gift for my sister.A. some jewelB. a piece of jewelC. a jewelleryD. a piece of jewellery答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：我想买一件珠宝作为我妹妹的生日礼物。jewel指宝石，珍宝，一般指的仅仅是宝石； jewellery珠宝首饰，侧重指首饰
40、，为不可数名词，表示“一件珠宝应用a piece of jewellery。应选D。64、 He made a quick to the new surroundings. In other words, he was more.A. adoption, adaptiveB. adaptation, adaptiveC. adapt, adaptableD. adaptation, adaptable答案：D解析：考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意:他很快就适应了新环境。换句话说，他的适应能力更强。A. adoption, adaptive采用；适应的,常用在专业术语当中；B.adaptation
41、, adaptive适应；适应的；C. adapt, adaptable动词, 适应；能适应的，适应性强的，指在生活中表示适应能力强；D. adaptation, adaptable适应；能适应的，适应 性强的。第一空根据后文“to the new surroundings可知指适应新环境，应用make a quick adaptation；第二空 表示在新环境中适应能力强应用形容词adaptableo应选D。65 Male nurses are difficult to hire as many men reject this out of the long-existing discrim
42、ination.A. conceptB. assessmentC. identityD. personality答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：男护士很难被雇佣到是因为许多男性出于长期存在的歧视而抵抗这个身份。A.concept观念;B.assessment评估，评价;C.identity身份;D.personality个性，品格。根据空前Male nurses 20are difficult to hire”及空后out of the long-existing discrimination”可知，很多男性抵抗男护士这个身份。应选 C 项。66、The motor industry d
43、eclares that electric cars will become mainstream （主流）over the next.A. entranceB. decadeC. committeeD. feedback答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：汽车工业宣称电动汽车将在未来十年成为主流。A. entrance入口； B. decade十年; C. committee委员会;D. feedback反响。根据句意以及前文over the next可知，此处指“在未来十年。应选B 项。67 In a small wooded valley two towns, both set in
44、beautiful.A. lies; surroundingB. lie; surroundingsC. lay; surroundingD. did lie; surroundings答案：B解析：考查倒装句，时态和名词。句意：在一个树木繁茂的小山谷里有两个城镇，都坐落在美丽的环境中。分析句 子可知，表示方位的介副词短语置于句首，句子使用全部倒装，根据句意用一般现在时，lie位于，lay是lie 的过去式，故排除C、D项，主语是tw。towns,是复数，故谓语动词用复数，surrounding周围的，是形容 词,surroundings环境是名词,形容词beautiful修饰名词surrou
45、ndings作介词宾语,应选B。68Its not necessary to buy any special. Just a pair of good running shoes will do.A. entertainmentB. announcementC. equipmentD. disappointment答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:不需要购买任何特殊设备。一双好的跑鞋就行了。A.entertainment娱乐；B.announcement 公告；C.equipment 设备；D.disappointment 失望。 由“Just a pair of good running
46、 shoes will do21可知，句子说不需要购买任何特殊设备。一双好的跑鞋就行了，因此空格处是设备，即equipment,应选 Co69、Im pleased that we do have the to produce so much food.A. frictionB. clueC. capacityD. physician答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴我们有能力生产这么多食物。A. friction摩擦力；B. clue线索；C. capacity （领悟或理解、办事）能力；D. physician医师，内科医生。根据前后文句意可知，此处指有能力生产足够的 食物。应
47、选C项。70、 There is a nice picture in the little bedroom. She likes it very much.A. girlB. girlsC. girKsD. girls答案：c解析：考查名词所有格。句意：小女孩的卧室里有一张漂亮的照片。她非常喜欢它。根据句意和空格后bedroom可 知，空格处应用名词所有格，表示小女孩的卧室，根据句中She可知，句中指一个小女孩，故排除B和D, 单数名词的所有格直接在名词后加飞，故空格处应填girs，意为女孩的。应选C项。71、Music should be taught on a regular basis
48、in schools because of the it can bring to the development ofchildrens brains.A. systemsB. prioritiesC. barriersD. benefits答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校应该定期教授音乐，因为音乐对儿童大脑的发育有好处。A. systems体系，系 统；B. priorities 优先事项；C. barriers 障碍；D. benefits 好处。根据Music should be taught on a regular basis in schools推知，音乐对儿童大脑的开展是有好处的。应选D。22