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1、高中英语高考英语名词常考题型例题及答案单项选择题（精选试题-名师出品）1、 Toms parents behavior, as well as their words a key effect on him during the past twenty years.A. haveB. have hadC. has hadD. has答案：c解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的20年里，汤姆父母的行为和话语都对他有关键的影响。根据时间 状语during the past twenty years可知，句子谓语用现在完成时。当as well as”并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就 远原那么，即和
2、behavior保持一致，所以要用第三人称单数形式。应选C。2、 Weve had a few, but were still good friends.A. disagreeB. disagreesC. disagreementD. disagreements答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：我们有过一些分歧，但我们仍然是好朋友。分析句子可知，设空处单词在句中作宾语，应 用名词，disagree意为不同意，动词词性,故A和B排除，disagreement意为分歧，为可数名词,句中 a few意为“一些，几个，后接可数名词复数形式，故空格处应用disagreement的复数形式disagreeme
3、nts”。应选D项。3、- What impressed you most during your stay in Britain?-I had the of meeting the Queen when she visited our school.A. treatyB. privilegeC. inspirationD. exploration答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一你在英国逗留期间印象最深的是什么？一一女王访问我们学校时，我有幸见到 了她。A.treaty 条约；B. privilege 特权,荣幸;C. inspiration 灵感；D. exploration 探测
4、。have the privilege ofA. causeB. resourceC. courseD. source答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：要找到这个信息的来源可能很困难。A.cause原因；B.resource资源;C.course课程；D.source来源。根据句意可知，要找到这个信息的来源可能很困难。应选D项。30、We have all come into the world with a/an in life and we can all contribute to making the world abetter place.A. missionB. substan
5、ceC. authorityD. collision答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都带着人生的使命来到这个世界，我们都可以为让世界变得更美好做出贡献。A. mission使命；B.substance物质；A authority权力;D.collision碰撞。根据句意可知，“为让世界变得更美 好而做出贡献应该是我们每个人的使命，mission意为使命，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。31、Is money the of a happy life?A. basisesB. basicC. basisD. based答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：金钱是幸福生活的基础吗？ A. basis
6、es名词，basis的复数形式，意为基础；B.basic形容词, 意为”基本的；基础的;C.basis名词，意为基础;D.based形容词，意为“在居住（或工作）；基地（或 总部）在；为基础的。the basis of的基础，用名词的单数形式。应选C。32 According to the picture, you can go there.10A. when you want to have a restwhen you want to buy somethingB. when you want something to drink答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：根据图片，你可以去那里。图片中
7、文字意思：厕所、休息室。A.当你想休息时；B. 当你想买东西时；C.当你想喝点东西时。可知当你想休息时，你可以去那里。应选A。33、There is no denying that watching this screen of Norwegian Wood will certainly be a heart-breakingexperience.A. ambitionB. adaptationC. expectationD. qualification答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：不可否认，观看这部改编自挪威森林的电影肯定会是一次令人心碎的经历。A.ambition雄心抱负；B. adapt
8、ation 适应，改编；C. expectation 期待；D. qualification 资格。根据句意，watching thisscreen和Norwegian 可知，此处表达小说的电影“改编版本，应选B。34、 There must be something wrong with the machine. It is making strange.A. noiseB. noisyC. voice答案：A 解析:11考查名词词义辨析。句意：机器定出了故障。它正在发出奇怪的噪音。A. noise n.噪音；B. noisy adj.噪杂的;C.voice n.声音。根据句意可知，机器出了
9、问题，所以会发出噪音。应选A项。35、 The present of education needs improving.A. systemB. dawnC. cometD. vitamin答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：目前的教育制度需要改进。A. system制度；B.dawn黎明；C et彗星；D. vitamin维生素。由of education可知，此处指教育制度，system符合句意。应选A项。36、 The of penicillin is very helpful in fighting against bacteria.A. generations. statistic
10、C. nutritionD. discovery答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:青霉素的发现对对抗细菌很有帮助。A. generation一代；B.statistic统计;C.nutrition 营养；D. discovery 发现。根据后文of penicillin is very helpful in fighting against bacteria指青霉素的发 现，应用discovery,应选D。37、The boss has in solving such a problem.A. many experiencesB. many experiencedC. much exper
11、iencedD. much experience答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：老板在解决这样的问题上有丰富的经验。空处为宾语，应用名词，名词experience意为经 验时是不可数名词，意为经历时是可数名词，根据句意可知，此处表示有很多经验，不可数名词用much 修饰，应选D。1238、Some students think they enjoy reading just out of interest, but others argue that a better score is their mainA. recognitionB. attractionC. occupationD. mo
12、tivation答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些学生认为他们喜欢阅读只是出于兴趣，但其他人认为更好的成绩是他们的主要动机。A. recognition 识别；B. attraction 吸引；C. occupation 职业;D. motivation 动机。根据上文“a better score is their main”指更好的成绩是喜欢阅读的动机,应用motivation。应选D。39 She has a good of the French language.A. nativeB. baseC. commandD. request答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她精通
13、法语。A. native本地人，当地人；B.base根基，基础；C mand命令， 掌握；D. request请求，需求。have a good command of为固定短语，意为精通”。应选C。40 The students are having a(n)on whether children should attend tutorial classes or not after school.A. encounterB. debateC. impactD. reaction答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们正在进行一场有关孩子是否应该上课后辅导班的辩论赛。A.encounter
14、遇见;debate辩论；C. impact影响；D.reaction反响。由句意可知，学生们正在辩论孩子是否应该上课后辅导班。 应选B项。41、The stronger the is, the more quickly a man will learn a new skill. In other words, it is up to whetherhe has an interest in it.A. motivations. cooperationC. qualificationD. interaction13答案：A 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：动力越强，一个人学习新技能的速度就越快。换
15、句话说，这取决于他是否对此感 兴趣。A. motivation 动力;动机；B. cooperation 合作；C. qualification 资格；D. interaction 相互作用。根据“whether he has an interest in it可知，感兴趣就会有动力。应选A项。42、 Knowing the great of education on people/s life,he set up a school in 2016 to help children in remoteareas to receive an education.A. sourceB. quali
16、tyC. advanceD. impact答案：D解析：考查名词辨析。句意：知道教育对人们生活的巨大影响，他在2016年创办了一所学校，帮助偏远地区的儿童 接受教育。A.source源头；B.quality质量;C.advance进步；D.impact影响。根据句意可知,他在偏远地区创 建了一所学校是因为他知道教育对人们生活有着巨大的影响，impact on 对有影响。应选D。43、 If you give me a/an to speak, Ill explain.A. adviceB. interviewC. doubtD. opportunity答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果
17、你给我一个发言的机会，我会解释的。A. advice建议；B.interview面试，采 访；C.doubt怀疑；D. opportunity机会。结合句意可知，此处是指给一个发言的机会。应选D项。44、 In less than one minute, a large city lay in.A. rescueB. regardsC. ruinsD. request答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:不到一分钟，一座大城市就变成了一片废墟。A. rescue营救；B. regards问候；C.14ruins废墟；D.request要求。根据a large city lay可知，在一分钟之内
18、，城市应该变为废墟。应选C项。45、 I wanted to pay the train, but my friend insisted. Finally I had to.A. fee; give upB. fare; give inC. money; give outD. fare; give away答案：B解析：考查名词和动词短语词义辨析。句意：我想付火车票，但我的朋友坚持要我付。最后我不得不让步。A.fee费 用;give up 放弃;B. fare 车费；give in 让步；C. money 金钱;give out 分发;D. fare 车费；give away 赠送。train
19、 fare火车票费用。根据but my friend insisted.”可知，朋友坚持付车票钱，所以作者不得不让步。应选B。46、Studying is very important, but as parents, wed better not put too much on children.A. personalityB. creativityC. pressureD. advance答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学习很重要，但作为父母，我们最好不要给孩子太大的压力。A. personality性格; B. creativity 创造力；C. pressure 压力；D. ad
20、vance 进步。由 Studying is very important 可知,父母不要给孩子 学习施加太大的压力。应选C项。47、Besides an organizer, who gets group members to agree to a common purpose and a convenient time and place, there often is a group member playing the role of a source-seeker, whose is to remind group members toidentify their sources.A
21、. dutyB. implicationC. meansD. operation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了组织者让团队成员同意一个共同的目的和一个方便的时间和地点外，团队成 员通常扮演着寻找信息源的角色，其职责是提醒团队成员识别他们的信息源。A. duty职责；B.implication影 响；C. means 方法;D. operation 操作。 根据“is to remind group members to identify their sources.可矢口， 此处15指的是寻求资源者的职责，应选A。48 The red lanterns on the street
22、added to the of Spring Festival.A. deliveryB. priorityC. encounterD. atmosphere答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:街上的红灯笼增添了春节的气氛。A. delivery递送；B. priority优先权；C.encounter偶遇；D. atmosphere气氛。根据The red lanterns on the street可知，街上的红灯笼增加了春节气氛。应选D项。49、To our great, over 5 million of people died of Covid-19.A. satisfaction
23、s. sorrowC. delightD. joy答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我们深感悲哀的是，超过500万人死于Covid-19。A. satisfaction满足，满意；B.sorrow 悲伤；C. delight 快乐；D. joy 喜悦。根据空后“over 5 million of people died of Covid-19”可知，因为 500万人死于Covid-19,所以这是让人悲伤的。应选B。50 As a public, Yao Ming knows what to do in face of this kind of thing.A. characterB. o
24、pinionC. statueD. figure答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个公众人物，姚明知道面对这种事情该怎么做。A.character性格；B.opinion意见；C.statue雕塑；D.figure人物。根据常识可知，姚明是一个公众人物，因此空格处是人物。应选Do51、She spoke very confidently because she wanted to make a great on her employer.16A. impactB. pressureC. impressionD. description答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说话很自信
25、，因为她想给雇主留下好印象。A. impact影响；B.pressure压力；C. impression印象；D. description描述。根据She spoke very confidently ,可知她说话很自信,因为她想给雇主 留下好印象。应选C项。52、The students are having a on whether children should attend tutorial classes or not.A. quarrelB. debateC. fightD. topic答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:学生们正在就孩子们是否应该上辅导班而辩论。A.quarre
26、l争吵；B.debate辩论； C.fight吵架，打架；D.topic主题，话题。由on后接的whether引导的宾语从句可知，这一动作是围绕一个话 题的正误或者合理性进行的，显然是指辩论、讨论。应选B项。53、Heroes like Officer Cai made major to the anti-drug cause（禁毒事业）.A. contributionsB. progressC. donationsD. efforts答案：A解析：考查名词辨析。句意：像蔡警官这样的英雄为禁毒事业做出了重大贡献。A. contributions贡献；B.progress进 步;C.donati
27、ons捐赠;D.efforts努力。根据句中的Heroes”可知，从事禁毒事业的英雄们必定付出了许多, 因此“contributions贡献符合句意。应选A。小提示：54、 Its time for all countries to work together to reduce air.A. recognitionB. reservationC. positionD. pollution17答案：D 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在是所有国家共同努力减少空气污染的时候了。A. recognition认识，识别；B.reservation预定,预约;C.position位置;D. pollu
28、tion污染。根据空前句意可知,空处需用名词pollution,表 示所有国家共同努力减少空气污染。应选DoI watched the plane go higher and higher until I lost of it.A. viewB. sceneC. visionD. sight答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看着飞机越飞越高，直到它消失在我的视线里。根据句子分析可知，此处表示看不见,表达为sb. lose sight of sth.。A. view风景；B.scene场景;C.vision视觉;D.sight视野,视线。应选Do18doing sth 很荣幸做某事是固定短
29、语。应选B项。4、 The lockdown hobbled Indias economy and its GDP recorded the sharpest in its history.A. motionB. dissatisfactionC. conservationD. contraction答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：封锁令印度经济陷入困境，其GDP出现了历史上最严重的收缩。A. motion运动；dissatisfaction 不满；C. conservation 保护；D. contraction 收缩。 根据 The lockdown hobbled Indias e
30、conomy 及常识可知，封锁使经济陷入困境，从而造成了 GDP的收缩(contraction)。应选D项。5、In our mind, Professor Wang is a learned and kind man, so we showed our for him.A. attentionB. respectC. struggleD. request答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们心目中，王教授是一个博学的，和蔼的人，因此，我们对他很尊敬。A.attention 注意；B. respect 尊敬；C. struggle 斗争；D.request 请求。根据Professor
31、Wang is a learned and kind man可知，在我们心目中，王教授是一个博学的，和蔼的人，因此，我们对他很尊敬。show our respect for(向某人表敬意)可知，选B。6、 That flood has been several times to prove that its important to take preventive.A. referred to, actionsB. referred, measureC. referred, actionD. referred to, measures答案：D解析：考查动词短语和名词词义辨析。句意：人们屡次提到
32、那次洪水，以证明采取预防措施是很重要的。第一空表 示“提到，提及应用短语refer to；结合上文it，s important to take preventive指采取预防措施，应用take measures,也可以说成 take actiono 应选 Do 7、Because of the tight and heavy workload of Grade 12, many students have to make use of their lunchbreak to finish homework.A. scheduleB. pressureC. performanceD. impre
33、ssion答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于12年级的时间紧课业重，很多学生不得不利用午休时间完成作业。A.schedule时间表；B.pressure压力;C.performance表现;D. impression印象。由语意可知,很多学生不得不 利用午休时间完成作业，说明他们的时间安排紧张。应选A项。8、The also preserves the bodies of 100 cats and dogs and other pets whose owners hope they may oneday return to life.A. institutes. instanceC.
34、intensityD. intention答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：该研究所还保存着100只猫、狗和其他宠物的尸体，它们的主人希望它们有朝一 日能复活。A.institute 研究所；B.instance 例子；C.intensity 强度；D.intention 打算。由“preserves the bodies of 100 cats and dogs and other pets可知，是研究所还保存着100只猫、狗和其他宠物的尸体，空格处是研究所, BP institute,应选 A。9、fine weather it is!A. What aB. How aC. WhatD
35、. How答案：c解析：考查感叹句和连词。句意：今天多么好的天气呀！感叹句句式：How+adj+主语+谓语！ What+adj+n+主语+谓语! how是副词，修饰形容词或者副词作状语，what修饰名词，分析句子可知，修饰名词weather用what,且 weather是不可数名词，不能加不定冠词，应选C。10 The selection process in the job market is based on standard tests of and experience.A. conceptB. crewC. competenceD. cruelty答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意
36、：就业市场上的选择过程是基于标准能力测试和经验。A. concept概念，定义；B.crew全体船员,全体机组人员；C. competence能力；D.cruelty残忍,残酷。根据语意以及下文“experience” 可知，就业市场的选择标准是依据求职人的能力和经验。应选C项。ll As a soldier, he showed selfless to duty.A. devotionB. conservationC. assumptionD. comparison答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名士兵，他表现出了对职责的无私奉献。A.devotion贡献；B.conservat
37、ion 保存，保持；C.assumption假定；D parison比拟。根据selfless和to duty可知,此处是指对职责的无私奉 献。应选A。12、The university will reach its of 5,000 students next September.A. accountB. benefitC. targetD. process答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这所大学明年9月将到达招收5000名学生的目标。A. account账户；B.benefit利 益；C. target目标；D.process过程。由reach”和5,000 students nex
38、t September”可知，句子表示这所大学明 年9月将到达招收5000名学生的目标，因此空格处是“目标，M target,应选C。13、The gained from this experience has invested my life with new meaning.A. departures. insightC. proofD. setting答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从这次经历中获得的领悟在我的生命中赋予了新的意义。A. departure离开；B.insight领悟;C. proof证据；D. setting环境；背景。根据new meaning可知,insigh
39、t领悟”符合句意。应选B。14 There are people in the cinema.A. two hundredB. two hundredsC. two hundred of答案：A解析：考查数词。句意：电影院里有两百个人。用hundred （百）表确切数字修饰名词时，hundred不可变为复数形 式，且不需介词就可直接修饰名词。应选A。15、The government has taken some to solve the problem.A. measuresB. atomsC. novelsD. peppers答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：政府已经采取了一些措施来解
40、决这个问题。A. measures措施；B. atoms原子；C.novels小说；D. peppers甜椒。由to solve the problem”可知，此处指采取措施解决问题。应选A项。16、 Despite years of from publishers, she persevered in her attempt to establish herself as a writer.A. enduranceB. rejectionC. blessingD. companionship答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管多年来遭到出版商的拒绝，她仍坚持要成为一名作家。A. end
41、urance耐力，持久力;B. rejection拒绝,抛弃;C.blessing祝福,祈祷，福祉;D. companionship友谊，情谊。根据句意可知, rejection 拒绝，抛弃，符合题意。应选B项。17、 This new variety of music is a around the world.A. phenomenon; spreadsB. phenomena; spreadingC. phenomenon; spreadingD. phenomena; spread答案：c解析：考查名词和非谓语动词。句意：这种新的音乐形式正在世界各地传播。根据不定冠词a,此处用单数名词
42、 phenomenon （现象）。分析句子结构，空格二用非谓语动词，与前面名词phenomenon构成主动关系，用现 在分词形式，spreading符合题意。应选C项。18、Laziness is the of his failure.A. reasonB. causeC. excuseD. way答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：懒惰是他失败的原因。A. reason原因；B. cause原因；C. excuse借口； D. way方法。 reason说明某种行为或看法的理由，后接介词for； cause说明某种事实或现象的原因，后接介词。f。应选B。19、Procrastination
43、 can often pose to people/s ability their goals successfully, which is evident, forexample, in the fact that it is associated with receiving worse grades at school.A. a question . of pursuingB. an obstacle . to pursueC. a dilemma . to pursueD. a hindrance . to pursuing答案：B解析：考查名词和非谓语。句意：拖延症往往会给人们成功追
44、求目标的能力带来阻碍，这一点很明显，例如，拖延 症与学校成绩较差有关。A.a question . of pursuing问题；追求B.an obstacle . to pursue”阻碍；追求C.a dilemma . to pursue困境；追求D.a hindrance . to pursuing阻碍；追求。固定搭配 ones ability to do sth“某 人的做某事的能力，故排除选项A和D。在根据句意，拖延症是会阻碍成功的。应选B。20、 Although three teams adopted different to the problem, they all succe
45、eded.A. methodsB. waysC. approachesD. means答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然三个小组对这个问题采取了不同的方法，但他们都成功了。A. methods方法;ways方式，方法；C.approaches方法；D. means方法。浏览选项可知，四个选项都有方法的意思，但根 据句中to the problem可知,句中涉及固定短语an approach to sth.，意为的方法,此时to为介词,而 method”和 means 不和介词连用，a way to do sth.意为“做某事的方法，但这个短语中to为不定式符 号，不是介词。应选C项。2
46、1 We will be posting a series of regularly form now on so those who read our posts won/t beconcerned about us.A. issuesB. updatesC. descriptionsD. schedules答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从现在开始，我们将定期发布一系列最新消息、，以便那些阅读我们的帖子的人不 总挂念我们。A. issues发行；B. updates最新消息；C.descriptions描写；D. schedules计划。根据句意可知, 为了那些阅读我们的帖子的人不总
47、挂念我们，所以要定期发布一系列最新消息，所以此处表示最新消息， 应用updates,应选B。22、Weve made our plans, and now we must put them into.A. factB. practiceC. realityD. deed答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已订好计划，现在必须付诸实施。A. fact事实；B. practice实践；C.reality现 实；D. deed 行动。根据上文Weve made our plans, and now we must put them into”指把计划付诸实施应用 put into practiceo 应选 B。23、In many the new version is not as good as the old one.A. packsB. aspectsC. stylesD. points答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在许多方面，新版本不如旧版本好。A. packs背包；B. aspects方面；C.styles方式; D. points要点。根据后文“the new version is not as good as the old one指在许多方面新版本不如旧版本好，应 用aspecto应选Bo24 More recently, t