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1、2020-2021学年度高一第一学期期末考试英语试卷说明：本试卷由四个部分组成，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。请把答案全部涂写在答题卡上， 考试结束后，只交答题卡。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题L5分，满分75分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅 读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. When does the train leave for
2、Chicago?A. At 9:10 a.m. B. At 9:20 a.m. C. At 9:40 a.m.2. What sport docs the man like the most?A. Jogging. B. Swimming. C. Basketball.3. What will the speakers have?A. A salad. B. Hamburgers. C. Meatballs.4. How many people will play poker?A. Six. B. Five. C. Four.5. Why will the woman buy the whit
3、e car?A. Its appearance is cool. B. Its more comfortable.C. Its environmentally friendly.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6. Whom did the woman buy the sweater for?A. A friend. B. A
4、family member.C. Herself.【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款名为Arisi。的人工智能。它拥有语言和逻辑思维能力，在Be门的帮 助下，阅读了大量语言和科学类书籍，能在一定程度上通过自己的能力解决问题。但它还不能和真正的人 类相比，它的逻辑能力有待于进一步提高。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线部分后面的句子“Even the most developed system couldnt score higher than 60 points on the test.（即使最发达的系统在测试中的得分也没有高于6（）分）”可知，AI在测试中的表现不尽如人意。 由此可知
5、，科学家失败了，即划线词意为“失败”与failed同义。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的 “AI cant match the language and logic （逻辑）skills that students are expected to have when they enter middle school.（在语言和逻辑能力方面，人工智能无法与学生进入中学时所期望的能力 相媲美）”和第四段的Aristo was able to pass the exam because it can not only understand language but also use l
6、ogical thinking to solve difficult problems.（Aristo能够通过考试，不仅因为它能听懂语言，还因为它可以运 用逻辑思维解决难题）”可推知，开发Aristo是为了提高人工智能的逻辑和语言能力。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的 “The Aristo system used Bert, a kind of technology developed by Google, to answer the questions. Bert has read thousands of Wikipedia articles and books. If i
7、t looks at a sentence with a missing word, it can correctly guess what the word is. With the help of Bert, Aristo has read a lot of science questions and answers. Over time, it was able to find logical patterns （模式）on its own.（Aristo 系统使用谷歌开发的 Bert 技术 来回答问题。Bert阅读了维基百科上数以千计的文章和书籍。当它看到一个缺词的句子时，它能正确地猜
8、 出这个词是什么。在Bert的帮助下，Aristo已经阅读了许多科学方面的问题和答案。随着时间的推移，它 可以依靠自己找到合乎逻辑的模式）”可推知，本段主要是为了说明Aristo是如何学习解决问题的。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后段的 wHowever, we cant compare this technology to real human students and their logical ability, said Jingjing Liu, a Microsoft researcher, who has been working on similar technolog
9、ies.（一直致力 r相似技术研究的一位微软研究院刘静静表示，但我们不能将这项技术与真正的人类学生以及他们的逻辑 能力进行比较）”可推知，刘静静认为Aristo的逻辑能力还有待于提高。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分125分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。As English learners, you often feel anxious when you have to speak English in front of others. 16 Here arc some solutions to help you build
10、 confidence in speaking English.Adopt a practice and repetition routine （常规）.When something becomes natural to you, you begin to feel confident of doing it And the only way you can arrive at thisnatural” way of doing things is through practice and repetition. 17 So write down what you may talk about
11、 and then practise saying it aloud and repeatedly before an English meeting.18 You may lose confidence when your spoken English is misunderstood by listeners. In mostcases, its because the listeners arc not used to your accent or you speak too fast. There is no doubt that speaking slowly is easy to
12、achieve.Dont run away from uncomfortable situations. Il is natural fbr any human being to avoid uncomfortable situations when possible, but you will build your confidence in the uncomfortable zones. 19All in all, learning to speak English confidently doesnt happen overnight. 20 As the saying goes, N
13、o pains, no gains. As long as you make enough efforts, you will surely improve your spoken English, and then you will naturally become confident of speaking English in front of others.A. Purposely speak more slowly.B. Try to understand your listeners.C. It takes time and you need to make continuous
14、efforts.I）. Well. Its the same principle as speaking English confidently.E. It is common to make some mistakes when you speak English.F. However, going from an unconfident speaker to a confident one is possible.G. The secret is to be fully prepared, and then you will overcome the uncomfortable situa
15、tions.【答案】16.F17. D 18. A 19. G 20. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章就怎样建立说英语的自信给出了几条建议。【16题详解】上文“As English learners, you often feel anxious when you have to speak English in from of others.（作为一个 英语学习者，当你在别人面前说英语的时候，你经常会感到焦虑。）”说明英语学习者在别人面前说英语 时，常常不自信，选项F “然而，从一个不自信的演讲者变成一个自信的演讲者是可能的。”承接上文， 转折语义，说明有办法从不自信变得有自信,引出下文“H
16、ere are some solutions to help you build confidence in speaking English.（这里有一些方法可以帮助你建立说英语的自信。）”。选项中unconfident和上文anxious 语义相关；选项中confident和下文confidence语义一致。故选F项。上文“Adopt a practice and repetition routine （常规）.When something becomes natural to you, you begin to feel confident of doing it And the onl
17、y way you can arrive at this “natural way of doing things is through practice and repelilion.（采用练习和重复的常规。当某件事对你来说变得自然时，你就会开始对做它感到自信。你能达 到这种“自然”做事方式的唯一途径就是通过练习和重复。）”说明要建立自信，就要通过练习和重复使 说英语达到“自然”，选项D “这和自信地说英语的原则是一样的。”是对这种练习和重复的学习原则的 概括。选项中代词It即指前文所说的练习重复达到自然的学习原则。故选D项。【18题详解】下文 “You may lose confidenc
18、e when your spoken English is misunderstood by listeners. In most cases, its because the listeners are not used to your accent or you speak too fast. There is no doubt that speaking slowly is easy io achieve.（当你的英语口语被听众误解时，你可能会失去信心。在大多数情况下，这是因为听众不习惯你 的口音或者你说得太快。亳无疑问，慢慢地说是很容易做到的。）”说明有时是因为你说的太快被听众误 解，
19、从而失去自信，说慢些可以解决问题，选项A “故意说得慢一些。”位于段首，点明本段主题。选项 中 speak more slowly 和下文 speak too fast 以及 speaking slowly 语义相关。故选 A 项。19题详解】上文 uDont run away from uncomfortable situations. It is natural for any human being to avoid uncomfortable situations when possible, but you will build your confidence in the unco
20、mfortable zones. ” （不要逃避不 自 在 情 况。对任何人来说，尽可能避免不自在的情况是很自然的，但是你会在不自在的地方建立自信。）说明不 要逃避出现失误令人不自在的情况，选项G ”秘诀就是做好充分的准备，然后你就能克服那些不自在的情 况。”承接上文,位于段尾,对上文提出的问题给出了解决办法。选项中the uncomfortable situations和上 文中 uncomfortable situations 语义一致。故选 G 项。【20题详解】上文 “All in all, learning to speak English confidently doesnt ha
21、ppen overnight.（总而言之，学习说英语不是 一朝一夕的事。）”说明学习说英语不是短时间的事，选项C “这需要时间，你需要不断努力。”承接上 文，继续说明学习说英语需要时间和努力,引出下文As the saying goes, No pains, no gains.* As long as you make enough efforts, you will surely improve your spoken English, and then you will naturally become confident of speaking English in front of o
22、thers.（谚语说:“不劳无获。”只要你做出足够的努力，你一定会提高你的英 语口语，然后你将自然而然地变得有信心在别人面前说英语。）”选项中time和上文overnight语义相关； 选项中efforts与下文efforts等语义一致。故选C项。第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Recently, I was diagnosed （诊断）with an incurable illness. And after that, I ga
23、ve up 21. Although Iwas able to pass my test last year, I stopped 22 when I turned 90. i thought that it was finally the right lime.Needless to say, my family and my doctor were 23 to hear my decision. As I handed over the keys to the car to my son, I thought of all the cars my wife and I had 24 ove
24、r the years. A car is 25. independence,and an extension of your personality. Without one, you feel like less of a person. Now, my son often drives me （o the city centre and my neighbours also offer me 26 when Im on the way to the market. But after a lifetime of independence, the idea of being depend
25、ent on other people is hard to 27. With my own car, I could goanywhere in no time. But now, my horizons （眼界）have 28 and I must plan ahead for everything.29 , Ive learned to face it and change and I found a （n）30 to some of those problems. Last year,I 31 to buy a nice new four-wheel electric scooter
26、（轻便摩托 车）,which made my route free from32 and noise, with trees and green plants 33 cars and street signs.Giving up something is hard, and some of us never accept the loss. For me, however, it was just the34 result of a long and lucky life. Life in the slow lane （车道）turned out to be so much fun and s
27、o much3521.A.hikingB.campingC.cyclingD.driving22.A.willinglyB.actuallyC.graduallyD.angrily23.A.annoyedB.comfortedc.disappointedD.encouraged24.A.repairedB.presentedc.donatedD.possessed25.A.fortuneB.equalityc.freedomD.character26.A.favoursB.seatsc.changes1）.rides27.A.give upB.get used toc.live up toD.
28、drive off28.A.extendedB.broadenedc.narrowedD.lowered29.A.LuckilyB.Generallyc.NormallyD.Deliberately30.A.keyB.entrancec.replyD.solution31.A.decidedB.refusedc.affordedD.failed32.A.convenienceB.chargec.trafficD.expense33.A.comparingBbining1）.including34.A.endB.beginningc.aimD.attempt35.A.busierB.cheape
29、rc.heavierD.tougher【答案】21. D 22. A23. B 24. D25. C26. D 27. B28.C 29. A31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者由自己变老不能开车继而引发对生活的感想，从开始认为不能失去自由到后面的慢 慢接受了事实，得出这样的状态是他漫长而幸运的一生的最终归宿（结果）的感悟。21题详解】考杳动词词义辨析。句意：最近,我被诊断出一种无法治愈的疾病。在那之后，我放弃了开车。A. hiking徒 步旅行;B.camping露营；C. cycling骑脚踏车消遣;D.driving驾驶,开车。根据下文的
30、“Although Iwas able to pass my test last year”可知，作者去年能够通过考试，但最近，作者被诊断出一种无法治愈的疾病。在那 之后，作者放弃了开车。故选D项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管我去年通过了考试，但当我90岁时，我自愿放弃了（开车），我认为这是 正确的时间。A. willingly自愿地;B. actually实际上；C. gradually逐渐地;D. angrily生气地。根据后文“I thought that it was finally the right time.”可知，作者认为这是正确的时间，由此可推断作者是自己主动停
31、止 （开车）的，他认为这是对的。故选A项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不用说，我的家人和医生听到我的决定后都感到很欣慰。A.annoyed恼怒的； B. comforted得到安慰的，欣慰的：C. disappointed失望的；D. encouraged受到鼓舞的。根据上文“I stopped 2 when【turned 90.”可知，当听到作者90岁时主动放弃（开车）的决定时，作为家人和医生来说， 对此决定应是感到欣慰、宽心的。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我把车钥匙交给儿子时，我想到了这么多年来我和妻子拥有的所有汽车。A. repaired 修理；B. p
32、resented 提出，呈现；C. donaied 捐献；D. possessed 拥有。根据前文“As I handed over ihe keys to the car to my son.”可知，当作者把车钥匙交给儿子时，此情此景应该是在回想他和妻子多年来开过 （拥有过）的车，内心有所不舍。故选D项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一辆车就是自由、独立的象征，是你个性的延伸。没有它，你会觉得似乎自己 不是一个人。A. fortune 运气；B. equality 平等；C. freedom 自由；D. character 性格。根据下文“independence, and an e
33、xtension of your personal44Without one, you feel like less of a person.”可知，一辆车代表着独立, 是一个人个性的延展。设空处与“independence”成并列关系，由此可推测设空处应是“ind印endence”的同类 词（义近词），且是一个人个性延展的体现，所以设空处应是指自由。故选C项。考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我的儿子经常开车送我去市中心，我的邻居也会在我去市场的路上载我 一程。A. favours 偏爱；B. seats 座位；C. changes 改变；D. rides 乘坐，搭便车。根据上文“Now, my
34、 son often drives me to the city centre and my neighbours 以及下文“when Im on the way to the market. ”可知，作者不开 车了以后没有车可开，他儿子就经常载他去市中心，当他想去市场的时候，街坊邻居也会载他一程，给他 搭个便车。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但独立了一辈子之后，依赖他人的想法就很难习惯了。A. give up放弃； B. get used to 习惯;C. live up to 不辜负;D. drive off 赶走。uBut after a lifetime of i
35、ndependence, the idea of being dependent on other people is hard to” 以及下文“With my own car, I could go anywhere in no time. ” 可知，作者认为有辆自己的车可以随时去任何地方，此前也已经独立习惯了，但当他独立了一辈子之后， 依赖他人的这种想法就很难适应（习惯）了。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:但是现在，我的眼界已经变狭窄了，我必须提前计划一切。A. extended延长； B. broadened 拓宽；C. narrowed 变窄；D. lowered 降
36、低。根据上文“But now”以及下文“I must plan ahead for everything.”可知设空处与上文是转折关系，由此可知作者现在的视野是变窄了，同时也要提前计划好一切， 没有以往那样自由。与前文作者的自由独立、可以到处看世界形成对比。故选C项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我已经学会了面对和改变，并且找到了解决其中一些问题的方法。 A. Luckily 幸运的是；B. Generally 一般地；C. Normally 正常地；D. Deliberately 故意地。根据下文Ive learned to fhcc it and change”可知，作者
37、已经学会了面对和改变，已经慢慢习惯现在的状态，这应是一件幸运的事。 故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意：幸运的是，我已经学会了面对和改变，并且我找到了解决其中一些问题的方法。 A. key 关键；B. entrance 入口； C. reply 回答；D. solution 解决方法。根据上文“Ive learned to face it and change 可知，作者已经学会了面对和改变，说明他已经找到解决现状的方法，已经慢慢习惯现在的状态。故选D 项。31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年，我决定买一辆漂亮的新的轻便摩托车,这使我的路线可以从噪音中解放出 来。A. decid
38、ed 决定;B. refused 拒绝;C. afforded 负担得起;D. failed 失败。根据上文“Ive learned lo face it and change “Last year”以及下文“to buy a nice new four-wheel electric scooter （轻便摩托 车）,which made my route free from _12_ and noise”可知，作者已经找到了解决方法，也就是在去年下决心买了一辆轻便 摩托车，这就可以让作者从和噪音中解放出来。故选A项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意：去年，我决定买一辆漂亮的新的轻便摩托车,
39、这使我的路线可以从（拥堵的）交 通和噪音中解放出来。A .convenience便利：B. charge控告;C. traffic交通;D. expense消费。根据上文“I 11 to buy a nice new four-wheel electric scooter （轻便摩托车）”可知作者买了一辆很轻便的摩托车， 说明他可以自己骑摩托车去想去的地方，可以远离（拥堵的）交通和噪音。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这使得我的路线可以从（拥堵的）交通和噪音中解放出来，树木和绿色植物取 代了汽车和路标。A. comparing比较;B. replacing取代；C. combi
40、ning结合;D. including包括。根据上文 “I 11 to buy a nice new fbur-wheel electric scooter （轻便摩托车）”可知，作者买了 辆很轻便的摩托车，他可以选择自己的路线，不走交通拥挤的街道（有汽车和路标）而是走自己喜欢的有树木和绿色植 物的路线。所以说是树木和绿色植物取代了汽车和路标。故选B项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：放弃一些东西是很难的，有些人从不接受失去。然而，对我来说，这是漫长而 幸运的一生的最终结果。A. end结束;B. beginning开头；C. aim目标；D. attempt尝试。根据上文“Giving
41、 up something is hard, and some of us never accept the loss. ” “however”可知，设空处所在句与前文形成转折关系。 作者认为，有些人从不接受失去，认为放弃一些东西是很难的。然而作者却不认同，他认为对他来说这是 漫长而幸运的一生的最终结果。故选A项。35题详解】考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：慢车道上的生活有很多乐趣，更便宜（代价更低）。A. busier更忙碌的； B. cheaper 更便宜的;C. heavier 更沉重的;D. toughei更严格的。根据上文“Life in the slow lane （车道）turn
42、ed out to be so much fun and so much”可知，慢车道上的生活有很多乐趣，and应是连接并列关系，说明慢车道 上的生活应是不仅有很多乐趣，同时也更为便宜（代价更低），更轻松。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题L5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。One day just before closing time, John rushed into 36 TV store to buy a color TV setwith the money he 37 （save） for three months. The fri
43、endly shop assistant was waiting for the days last and 38 （twenty） customer to reach her sales target for her bonus, 39 she warmly greeted John and showed him the various40 （model） on display. She asked John to see 41 clear and colorful the image on （he screen was. At that moment, a new commercial a
44、dvertisement came onto the screen, 42 （introduce） a popular brand of camera as well as some beautiful pictures it had taken. The camera 43 （attract） John. He 44 （sudden） changed his mind and told the shop assistant “Thank you for the TV commercial advertisement. Now I have to hurryto the camera stor
45、e 45 (get) that camera.”【答案】36. a 37. had savedtwcnticth/20,h38. so/and 40. models41, how 42. introducing43. attractedsuddenly44. to get【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了约翰在买电视机的时候，由于一则广告，临时改变主意去买了照相机的故 事。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：一天就在关门之前，约翰跑进一家电视机店，打算用他攒了三个月的钱买一台彩色电视 机。木句泛指“一家电视机店”，应用不定冠词，TVs是以辅音音素开头的词，应使用冠词a。故填a。【37题详解】考查动
46、词时态。句意：一天就在关门之前，约翰跑进一家电视机店，打算用他攒了三个月的钱买一台彩色 电视机。根据句意，约翰“攒钱”应该是发生在他“rushed into ”之前，应用过去完成时态。故填had savedo 【38题详解】考查序数词。句意：友好的店员正在等着最后一个，也是第二十个顾客来达到她获得奖金的销售目标。本 空修饰后面名词customer,是单数，再结合句意，这里应该指“第二十个顾客”，所以用序数词。故填 twentieth 或 20lh o【39题详解】考查连词。句意：友好的店员正在等着最后一个，也是第二十个顾客来达到她获得奖金的销售目标，所以 她热情地接待了约翰。根据主从句的句意，
47、前后可以为因果关系或者并列关系，应用so或and。故填so 或 ando【40题详解】考查名词复数。句意：所以她热情地接待了约翰，并给他展示各种各样的展览的样式。model为可数名词，前面有various修饰,所以model用复数形式。故填models。41题详解】考查感叹句。句意：她要求约翰去看屏幕的图像是多么清楚及多彩。分析句子结构可知，see后从句为感 叹句，感叹的对象是形容词clear和colorful,应该用how引导。故填how。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这时，一个新的商业广告出现在屏幕上，介绍一款流行的照相机。分析句子结构 可知，introduce与主语是逻辑主谓关系，
48、应用现在分词形式，做伴随状语。故填introducing。【43题详解】考查动词时态。句意：这款照相机吸引了约翰。根据文章内容，本事件发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故 填 attracted o【44题详解】考查副词。句意：他突然改变了主意，告诉店员“谢谢你的电视商业广告”。根据句意，此处修饰动词change his mind,应用副词。故填suddenly。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在我必须快点去那家照相机店买那个照相机。分析本句句子结构和句意可知， get that camera在句中做目的状语，应用不定式形式。故填to get。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节翻译句子（共5个小题；每小题3分，满分15分）45. 食用过多的糖会引起严重的健康问题。（lead to）（汉译英）【答案】Eating t