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1、Unit 5The English CountrysideReading ProjectWarm-upLanguagein UseCulture TipsHomeworkAsking for Opinions Giving Opinions ItwouldseemtomethatAsfarasIamabletojudge,AsfarasImconcerned,IdliketopointoutIdjustliketosayFrommypointofview,IthinkPersonally,IthinkAsIseeitFrankly,IthinkIreckonIwaswonderingwhere
2、youstoodonthequestionofX?WhatsyourpositiononX?WhatsyouropinionofX?Whatdoyouthinkof/aboutX?HowdoyoufindX?WhatdoyoufeelaboutX?WhatdoyoureckonaboutX?WhataboutX?Warm-upNoteslSome of the expressions are formal while some are less formal or informal.lEither say according to someone or in someones opinion.
3、Dont say according to someones opinion.lOpinion is often used as a countable noun when it means“personal ideas or beliefs about a particular subject/matter/person”.Warm-upA1:Tellme,whatdoyouthinkofourwaiter?B1:Kindofrude,isnthe?A2:Iwonderwhentheboardofregentswillpickanewdeanofstudents.B2:Whoknows?Th
4、eyrenotevenscheduledtomeetuntilnextmonth.A3:DoyouthinkthatIvepackedtoomuchequipmentformycampingtrip?B3:Itshouldbejustright,Maxifyouplantobegoneforacoupleofyears.Asking for and Giving OpinionsWarm-up1.Whatdoyouthinkoflifeinthecity?Doyoupreferlifeinthecityorinthecountryside?2.Doyousometimesfeeltiredof
5、citylife/countrylife?3.Whichdoyouprefer,citylifeorvillagelife?In pairs,ask and answer the following questions.Life in the Village and in the CityWarm-upRead the conversation on page 61.In pairs,make a similar conversation with the cues in the substitute box.Warm-upNowadays urbanization is developing
6、 rapidly in many countries and it reflects human efforts to transform a world of cruel natural elements in favor of human living environment.While we are ameliorating the living conditions with many facilities,we are also losing many things.Look at the following picture and comment on what human bei
7、ngs have gained and lost in the process of modernization?.the process by which more and more people live in citiesto change completely the appearance or character of to make(a situation)better or less badThe Machine in the Garden by L Marx(1964)In pairs,describe the rural lifestyle without locomotiv
8、es and factories.pastoral,rurallife,rosyhuesofduskArcadianspectacles/beauty,serene,quiet,tranquil,ascenebetweenwildernessandtamednaturebutmaybedreadfullydull,laboringlifefacinghaphazard/unfriendlynaturalelementssmall trails across the field,a solitary tree at thebottomofthegardenGodistheshepherdofhu
9、manbeings,andmaintainstheirsoulinthevirginbeautyofnature.Useful Words and ExpressionsWarm-upIn pairs,answer the following question.Withtheintroductionoflocomotivesandtheconstruc-tionoffactories,whathasbeenirreversiblychanged?Useful Words and Expressionswhining(ofthesoundofthelocomotiveengine)puffing
10、smokefromchimneysinthefactoriesinthedistancehazyskiestintedbysmokefromthefactorieshurly-burlyofthemodernindustryreinvigoratingthelifeinthecountrysidedrivingoutboredomfromruralsolitudeWarm-upUseful Words and Expressionssymbolic significance in the introduction of thelocomotivemoderncivilizationlaudsg
11、reaterfreedomforpeopletomovearound,accordsmoreindividualismtoeachmemberofsociety,createsgreaterpowerforeveryoneto exercise,and makes faster progress in socialdevelopmentWarm-upVocabulary to Describe City Lifedisco,night club,caf,club,karaoke,city skyline,nightlife,shopping,fun park,carnival entertai
12、nment,movie house,theater;tourist attractions such as temples,churches,historic places and museums;shows,city tour trips Warm-upQuotable QuoteGrass is always greener on the other side of the fence.Warm-upIn small groups,discuss the following questions.1.Whatdoesthegrasssignify?2.Whatdoesthefencesign
13、ify?3.Whydopeoplethinkgrassinotherpeoplesgardensalwayslooksgreenerthanintheirown?4.Doyouhaveanexampletoillustratethecaseof“Thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheotherside”?Reference Answers1.What does the grass signify?2.What does the fence signify?3.Why do people think grass in other peoples gardens always l
14、ooks greener than in their own?Usuallysmall,insignificantthingsthatarefamiliarinoneslife.Divisionofproperty,family,region,orevencountry.Peoplebringintheirownexperiencewheninterpretingthelifeandobjectsoftheworld.Thesenseofbeautyintheirgardenhasbeendulledbyfamiliarity.Related Ideas in English Familiar
15、ity breeds contempt.Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.Absence makes the heart fonder.The Chinese sayings are much narrower in meaning and usage.Similar Sayings in Chinese远香近臭远香近臭 情人眼里出西施情人眼里出西施 外国的月亮比中国的圆外国的月亮比中国的圆 ReadingTask 1 Pre-reading ActivitiesTask 2 Reading ComprehensionTask 3 After-readi
16、ng ActivitiesBook 2-Unit 5Pre-reading TasksRead the words and expressions on page 64 and match them with the pictures below.coastfootpathpasturesmountainridgesTask 1 Pre-reading ActivitiesReadingrice padcornfieldbayclifflawncultivated fieldsbrook woodswaterfallestuarybeachorchardsvalley bushesIn sma
17、ll groups,identify important ingredients,which constitute the typical English country-side as shown in the pictures below.Useful Words and Expressionsmountains,hills in the mist,trees dotting the field,broad cultivated fields with footpaths dividing the land,village/farm houses nearby,valley,streams
18、,sheep,cattle,river,stone bridge,villagers fishing on the riverfarmhouse,old trees,riverbanks,dogs,mill,pasture on which cattle is grazingTraditional English Rural Landscape in the 18th Century Traditional English Rural Landscape in the 19th Century Typical English Rural Landscape:Yorkshire English
19、Rural Landscape in the 20th Century qIn small groups,read the text and find out the similarities and differences between the pictures above and the description in the reading passage.List the similarities and differences.qReport the similarities and differences to another group.Task 2 Reading Compre
20、hensionReadingSimilaritiesThehomesteadisinthelowlandsinsteadofthehighlands,overlookedfromahill.Thehomesteadisverylarge,andfacesabroadfield(acommodioushomestead)shelteredbyampletrees.Riversaresmallandnotusefulfortradeandtransport,butbroadfieldsaredelicateandbeautiful.Childrenorvillagersmaystillbathei
21、ntheriver.Farmersmaystillfishintheriver,andtheymayleanovertheweirsonsummereveningsandwatchtheswallowsacrosstheclearwaterunderthebridges.DifferencesGatheringwatercress.(Itdidnotshowonthepictures.)Growingosiersforbasketweaving.(Itdidnotshowonthepictures.)Mill-wheels(inleftsideofthesecondpictureinthewo
22、rksheet)aresilentnowandcloggedbyweed.Popular idea of an English village in a valleyoverlooked from the hillsclustered about its ancient churchGeneral conception of a farm of a more or lesscommodious homesteadin a valleysheltered by ample treeswith broad fieldswith a river flowing not far awayEnglish
23、 rivers small and insignificantin which a boy can bathein which a farm-hand can tickle a troutpermit of homely occupationsmen lean over the weirs and watch the swallowsText AnalysisPara.1Cottage The CotswoldsMeadowThe Severn ValleyThe MalvernsThe Welsh MountainsThe estuaryGardenOrchardsPasturesIn sm
24、all groups,study the 2nd paragraph and draw a picture of the views from the writers cottage.The CotswoldsThe River SevernSevern estuary Wide tree-lined waters of the River Severn The MalvernsCowslipsCottageBee-orchisThe English Countryside 1 Most Englishmen,if only because of the natural formation o
25、f their island,are essentially more at home in the lowlands than on the heights.The popular idea of an English village is of one in a valley,where it can be overlooked from the hills,clustered about its ancient church;and similarly,the general conception of a farm in this country is of a more or les
26、s commodious homestead in a valley,sheltered by ample trees,with broad fields like open hands stretched out to receive the sun,and a river flowing not far away.There is always a river not far away,in England;and although,judged by Continental standards,our rivers may for the most part be small and i
27、nsignificant,they are perhaps more intimately known for that.2 Certainly they are not the kind about which national songs are composed,as in the case of the Rhine or the Danube or the Volga;but at least they are the kind in which a boy can bathe and in which(even today)a farmhand can tickle an occas
28、ional trout.They permit of such homely occupations as the gathering of watercress or the growing of osiers for basket weaving;and although the mill-wheels they once turned are silent now and weed-clogged,men still lean over the weirs on summer evenings and watch the swallows cross the clear water un
29、der the bridges.Such rivers,insignificant as they may be,influence the lives of those who live near them in the most subtle and sensuous way.3 ForsometimeIlivedinacottageonthewesternedgeoftheCotswolds.Infrontofmygardenameadowitselfagardenofcowslipsinspringandahauntofbeeorchisesthatfellwiththeswathso
30、fgrassinsummerdippeddowntotheSevernValley.Standingatmydoor,IcouldseeacrossthelowlandorchardsandpasturestotheMalvernsontheonehandandtotheWelshmountainsontheother.Thosefarblueridgesmightbehiddenbymistorcloudfromtimetotime;butseldomwasthereadaywhenIcouldnotclearlyfollowthecourseoftheriverdowntoitswidem
31、uddyestuary.Year in,year out,the Severn was part of my view;it was even part of my consciousness.1.ifonly表示但愿要是就好了，Ifonlymanwereabitlessgreedy!但愿人类不那么贪婪。IfonlyIhadnotlostthetrainticket.要是我没丢失那张火车票就好了。BACKBACKReadingReadingOnce there was a true love at my hand,but I didnt cherish it.I didnt realize i
32、t until it was gone.There is nothing more miserable than it.If God can give me a chance to restart,Ill tell the girl I Love You.If I have to add a deadline to the love I hope it will be ten thousand years.If only God could give me another chance!2.essentiallya.ShewasbornintheUS,butsheisessentiallymo
33、reChinesethanAmerican.b.Richardisessentiallyasoft,caringperson,althoughhelooksquitetough.c.Johnisessentiallymoreascholarthanapolitician.BACKBACKReading3.clustern.numberofthingsofthesamekindgrowingcloselytogether（丛生的）簇,丛,团,串:*aclusterofberries,flowers,curls一簇浆果、花、鬈发*ivygrowinginthickclusters成丛生长的常春藤.
34、*aclusterofhouses,spectators,bees,islands,diamonds,stars密密匝匝的房屋、观众、蜜蜂、岛屿、钻石、星星BACKBACKReading4.JudgedbyContinentalstandardsAsBritainisanislandcountry,whenpeopletheretalkabouttheContinent,theymeanthemainlandofEurope.a.Judgedbynationalstandards,theso-calledGreatHotel”isonlyasmallinn.b.Judgedbymodernmo
35、ralstandards,SongJiangsreconciliationwiththegovernmentissensibleinsomeaspects.c.JudgedbyChinesestandards,theseriversareonlysmallcreeks.BACKBACKReading5.Theyaremoreintimatelyknownforthatforthat,becauseofthat.Intimatelysuggestsaverycloselinkbetweenthesmallriversandthelocalpeoplewhoknowtheirriversveryw
36、ell.BACKBACKReading6.afarm-handcantickleanoccasionaltroutAfarm-handisaworkerorlaboreronafarm.Tickleanoccasionaltrout:catchatroutbyhandoccasionally.Ticklemeanstosteal,maybetotakesometothechildren.Itsaformofpoaching.Atroutisakindoffish(鲑鱼).BACKBACKReading8.insignificantastheymaybeadj/adv+as+S+VAs:thou
37、gh:尽管：Insignificantastheymaybe-althoughtheymaybeinsignificantGreatastheauthorwas,heprovedabadmodel.Ridiculousasitseems,thetaleistrue.BACKBACKReading 7.weed-cloggedblockedbyweeds 10.estuaryCwiderivermouthintowhichthetideflows河口湾:*theThamesestuary泰晤士河河口.BACKBACKReading11.Yearin,yearout,theSevernwaspar
38、tofmyview;itwasevenpartofmyconsciousness.年复一年，塞文河已成为我触目的景色的一部分，他甚至已成为我意识的一部分。BACKBACKReading1.Most Englishmen,if only because of the natural formation of their island,are essentially more at home in the lowlands than on the heights._prepositional phrasethe fertile valleys where farms and orchards su
39、stain the people who live there Explanation:Explanation:Thehighlandsaremuchmorebarrenthanthevalleysandarethuslessdesirableforhabitationandmoresuitableforsheepfarming._ _ _ _ _theareaswithhillsandmountainsTranslation:如果只考虑这个岛国的自然地势，绝大多数英国如果只考虑这个岛国的自然地势，绝大多数英国人感到生活在低地比生活在高地要舒适得多。人感到生活在低地比生活在高地要舒适得多。Di
40、fficult Sentences2.The popular idea of an English village is of one in a valley,where it can be over-looked from the hills,clustered about its ancient church;and similarly,the general conception of a farm in this country is of a more or less commodious homestead in a valley,sheltered by ample trees,
41、with broad fields like open hands stretched out to receive the sun,and a river flowing not far away.non-restrictiveadjectiveclausebuiltaroundtheoldchurch_Explanation:IntheEnglishcountryside,achurchistraditionallythemostimportantbuilding.Usuallysituatedinthecenterofavillagewithasquareinfrontofit,thec
42、hurchisnotonlyaplaceforreligiousservicebutalsoaplaceforpublicgatheringsandimportantactivities.Villagershousesweregenerallybuiltaroundthechurch.Translation:人们心中喜爱的英国乡村是在山谷里，从山上可以俯瞰它的全貌，并簇拥在古代的教堂周围；同样，这个国家的人们对农场的普遍概念也是山谷地里宽敞的家园，绿树成荫。广阔的田野延伸开去，就像张开的双手接受阳光普照，不远处还有潺潺流水的小溪。3.Certainly they are not the kin
43、d about which national songs are composed,as in the case of the Rhine or the Danube or the Volga;but at least they are the kind in which a boy can bathe and in which(even today)a farm-hand can tickle an occasional trout.restrictive adjective clause_ _ Explanation:aworkerorlaboreronafarmcancatchatrou
44、tbyhandoccasionallyTranslation:当然，它们不像莱茵河、多瑙河、伏尔加河那样，有许多民歌为之歌唱，但至少它们能供孩子嬉水，能让农夫时常在那儿抓鲑鱼。4.Such rivers,insignificant as they may be,influence the lives of those who live near them in the most subtle and sensuous way.concessiveclause/clauseofconcession_ _ _ _Translation:这些河流虽不起眼，却在不经意地而又切切实实地影响着周围居民的生
45、活。as can mean though/although but only in the combination adjective+as+subject+be/seem/appear:Tiredashewasheofferedtocarryher.Strongashewas,hecouldntliftit.Patientashewas,hehadnointentionofwaitingforthreehours.May implies“I accept the fact that.”5.but seldom was there a day when I could not clearly
46、follow the course of the river down to its wide muddy estuary.inversionoftheverbaftercertainadverbsTranslation:但那小河流向宽阔、多泥的河口，我总是能够看得清清楚楚。Certainadverbsandadverbphrases,mostlywitharestrictiveornegativesense,canforemphasisbeplacedfirstinasentenceorclauseandarethenfollowedbytheinvertedformoftheverb.Th
47、emostimportantoftheseareshownbelow.hardly ever,on no account,hardly.when,only by,in no circumstances,only in this way,neither/nor,only then/when,never,scarcely ever,no sooner.than,Scarcely.when,not only,seldom,not until,nowhere Onnoaccountmustthisswitchbetouched.Onlybyshoutingwasheabletomakehimselfh
48、eard.NeverbeforehadIbeenaskedtoacceptabribe.Hardly/Scarcelyeverdidtheymanagetomeetunobserved.英国乡村英国乡村 1如果只考虑这个岛国的自然地势，绝大多数英国人感到生活在低地比生活在高地要舒适得多。人们心中喜爱的英国乡村是在山谷里，从山上可以俯瞰它的全貌，并簇拥在古代的教堂周围；同样，这个国家的人们对农场的普遍概念也是山谷地里宽敞的家园，绿树成荫。广阔的田野延伸开去，就像张开的双手接受阳光普照，不远处还有潺潺流水的小溪。在英格兰，周边总有小河流淌；按照欧洲大陆的标准，我们的河流多半小得不起眼，但就因为如此
49、，人们才对它们感到亲切。BACKBACK 2当然，它们不像莱茵河、多瑙河、伏尔加河那样，有许多民歌为之歌唱，但至少它们能供孩子嬉水，能让农夫时常在那儿抓鲑鱼。人们还能在这儿找到家常的活计，诸如打捞水田芥，种柳枝编篮子；虽说那些曾经靠他们而转动磨坊车轮如今已沉静且布满野草，人们仍旧在夏日的傍晚倾靠在拦河坝上观望燕子在桥下掠过清澈的河水。这些河流虽不起眼，却在不经意地而又切切实实地影响着周围居民的生活。BACKBACK 3 有一段时间我住在科斯伍德西部的一间茅草房里。我花园前面的牧场，春天就是一个长满黄花九轮草的花园，夏天则是对叶兰和其它青草被割之后的长居之地。它一直延伸到塞汶河谷。站在家门口，越
50、过低地我可以欣赏那一边是莫尔文山，另一边是威尔士山脉的果园和牧场。远处那绿色的山脊时常为云雾所遮盖，但那小河流向宽阔、多泥的河口，我总是能够看得清清楚楚。日子年复一年，塞汶河已成为我赏景的一部分，甚至是我意识中的一部分。（吕睿中译,胡一宁审校）BACKBACKmostEnglishmen,moreathomeinlowlandsthanonheightspopularideaofanEnglishvillagegeneralconceptionofafarmvillagesandEnglishriversinfluencesoftheseriversonthelivesofthelocalvi