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1、课 题 复习时态（二 J现在完成时、现在完成进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时 教学内容 一、知识点 1、现在完成时 一、定义：现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作/状态，或者过去的动作或状态 对现在造成的影响或结果。I don want to see the film,because I have seen it before 也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，或有可能有可能停止，或有可能继续延续下去。He has learned En glish si nee 2001.从2001年开始学的（，现在还在继续学着呢）二、现在完成时的结构 现在完成时的构成形式：have/has助动
2、词）+done（过去分词）I/You/They/We have talked.He/She has talked.现在完成时的否定结构就是在助动词 have或has后加上否定词not;I/You/They/We havent（have n ot）talked.He/She hasnt（has not）talked.其一般疑问句就是将助动词have或has提到句首，Have I/You/They/We talked.Has he/she talked.肯定的简略回答是：Yes,主语+have/has,否定的简略回答是：No，主语+have/has not。女口：I have see n the
3、film.Have you see n the film?Yes I have./No,I have n.三、现在完成时的标志 1、fo叶时段 since+过去一个时间点（过去 从句）为标志.for与since区另廿：for+时间段 since+时间点 I have lived in Chan gchun _ two years.I have bee n here _ 7 oclock.I have studied in this school since I came to China 用since和for填空 _ two years 2._ two years ago 3._ last m
4、onth 4._ 1999 2、already（肯定句），yet（否定，疑问句）leave-be away borrow-keep buy-have die-be dead finish-be over fall ill-be ill get up-be up catch a cold-have a cold go there-be there become-be fall asleep-be asleep get to/arrive/reach-be(in)get to know-know go(get)outbe out put or wear join-be a member of.（成
5、为的一贝）ope n-be ope n begi n/start-be on come here-be here come back-be back leave-be away from close-be closed I have already fini shed my homework.already用在 _，位于 _。“已经”Have you finished your homework yet?yet用在 _ 和 _ 中,位于 _。“仍然，已经”3)so far(目前;迄今为止)up to now=till now=by now 至U现在为止；直至U现在 recently最近 by
6、the end of 至 U 末/结束 by the end of this year 至 U 今年年末 by the end of this mon th 到本月末 in the last/past mon ths在 过去的几个月中 in the past/last few days/years在 过去的这几天 4、用于现在完成时的句型 1)It is the first/seco nd time that+现在完成时。2)It was the first/second time that+过去完成时 这是我第一次欣赏月光。_ 3)用“It is/has been+时间段+si nee”句型
7、。女口：It is/has been three years since I bought the book.(从买这本书起至U现在已三年了)四、跟一段时间连用表示持续动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词 例如：（1）这本书我已经买了三个月了。错误：I have bought the book for three mon ths.正确：（2）你哥哥参军多长时间了？错误：How long has your brother joined the army?正确：The old man died 4 years ago.-延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换 He joined the Party 2 y
8、ears ago.-I bought the book 5 days ago.-五、现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别 1一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发 生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。I saw the film yesterday.I have see n the film 2 一般过去时和表示过去的时间状语连用，如口：ago,last week/.ln 2008,in the past,just now,the da before yesterday,yesterday.Then（那时）,that day,one day,
9、once从前）现在完成时常和 r ece ntly（近来），ever,n ever,twice,so far（到目前为止）,si nee,for，in the past/last few years,already（肯定句）,yet（否定，疑问句）,just（刚刚），before（以前）连用。六、比较 have/has been to have/has gone to和 have been in have（has）been to.表示 曾去过某地，已经从那里回来了”，可以和ever、never、twice等连用。have（has）gone to表示已经去了某地，在去那里的途中或到达那里还没有回
10、来”。have（has）been in表示在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：si nee,for,how long 等 课堂练习：1.Up to now,the program _ thousa nds of childre n who would otherwise have died.A.would save B.saves C.had saved D.has saved 2.ln the last few years thousa nds of films _ all over the word.have produced B.have bee n produced C
11、.are produci ng D.are being produce 3 His first novel _ good reviews since it came out last mon th.A.receives B.is recei ving C.will receive D.has received 4.lt is the most in structive lecture that I _ since I came to this school.A.atte nded B.had atte nded C.are atte nded D.have atte nded 5.This i
12、s the first time we _ a film in the cin ema together as a family.A.see B.had see n C.saw D.have see n2、现在完成进行时 一、基本结构：主语+have/has+been doing 二、现在完成进行的基本用法 1.现在完成进行时表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作，这动作很可能继续进行下去。如:It has bee n raining since last Sun day.Hes bee n watchi ng televisi on all day.2.现在完成进行时有时表示根据直接或间接
13、的证据得出的结论。如:She is very tired.Shes been typing letters all day.Her eyes are red.She has bee n crying.三、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别 1.现在完成时可以表示一个 已经完成的动作，而现在完成进行时则表示一个 正在进行的动作 女口：I have read the book.I have bee n readi ng the book.2.现在完成时通常只陈述事实，而现在完成进行时还可表示一种感情色彩。如：I have waited for two hours.(陈述事实)I have been
14、waiting for two hours.(等得好辛苦)3.不用于进行时态的动词通常也不用于现在完成进行时，但它们可以用于现在完成时。如：r ve only kn ow n her for two day.我认识她刚刚两天。Theyve been married for twenty years.他们结婚已二十年了。The war has lasted for a long time.这场战争持续了很长时间。练习：用动词正确形式填空。1.You kno w,I _(look)for a job for three mon ths,and this is my first formal in
15、terview.2.My sister _(stay)in Beiji ng for three mon ths last year.3.The little boy is dirty all over because he _(play)in the mud all the morni ng.4.Here he is!We _(wait)an xiously for him since last ni ght.3、过去完成时、基本概念 总体上说它属于过去”这一时间段内发生的事情，它表达的是在某个过去动作或时间点之前发生的 动作，简单地说就是 过去的过去”发生的事情 I had finishe
16、d reading the novel by nine oclock last night.二、构成 肯定句：主语+助动词had+过去分词+其他 否定句 had not.例如：I said I had nt learnt Lesson 20 yet.疑问句 Had.?例如：Had you ever see n such an excit ing match before?Yes,I had./No,I had nt.三、语法判定 1.由时间状语来判定 一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状 语有：（1）by+过去的时间点。如：I had finished reading
17、 the novelby nine oclock last night.（2）by the end of+过去的时间点。女口：We had learned over two thousand English wordsby the end of last term.（3）before+过去的时间点。女口：Before 10:00 yesterdayhe had finishedhis homework.2.由过去的过去”来判定。过去完成时表示 过去的过去”是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或 完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。She said she had
18、see n the film 4 times.四、用法 1、表示在过去动作之前已经发生的动作或存在的状态。例如:Most of the guest had left when he arrived at the party.（即：客人在他到之前已经离开了。）They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel即卩：吃饭在先，他们至V达在后。）1、过去完成时还可以表示从过去某一时间开始，持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。例女口:He had worked in the factory for five years befor
19、e he moved here.By the time I got there,it had already fini shed.Ann had lived in a cottage for sixty years ever since she was born.3、叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常 使用过去完成时。例如：Mr.Smith died yesterday.He had been a good friend of mine.4、过去完成时常常用在told,said,knew,heard,though等动词后的宾语从句(或间接引语)
20、中，这时 从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。例如：He said that he had known her well.他说他很熟悉她。5、状语从句：在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在前，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过 去时。如:when,before,after,as soon as,till/until弓丨导的 例如：_.我醒来时雨已停了。6在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。例如：I returned the book that I had borrowed.我已归还了我借的书。五、其它句型 1.It was the first
21、 time that从句中，从句用过去完成时。It was the first time that he had seen so beautiful scenery 2、.Hardly/scarcely.when与no sooner than引导的时间状语从句中，从句是一般过去时时，主句就用过去完成时。e.g：He had hardly begu n to speak whe n the audie nee in terrupted him.He had no sooner arrived tha n he went away aga in.他刚至 U就又走了。注：hardly/scarcel
22、y/no sooner放在句首时，句子要使用部分倒装。No sooner had I reached home tha n it bega n to rain 六、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别 现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，以现在的时间为基点，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关 过去完成时则是一个相对的时态，以过去时间为基点，它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调 过 去的过去”只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用到它。比较：I _(learn)1000 English words so far.I _(learn)1000 En glish words till the n.七、
23、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，但在使用时应注意以下几点：1.时间状语不同：过去完成时在时间上强调 过去的过去”而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时 间。比较：They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.They arrived at the stati on at ten yesterday.练习：.单项选择 1._ He asked me during the summer holidays.A.where I had bee n B.where I had gone C.where had
24、I bee n D.where had I gone 2.What _ Jane _ by the time he was sever?A.did,do B.has,done C did,did.D.had,done 3.I _ 900 En glish words by the time I was ten A.learned B.was lear ning C.had lear ned D.learnt 4.She _ lived here for _ years.A.had,a few B.has,several C.had,a lot of D.has,a great deal of
25、5.By the time my pare nts reached home yesterday,I _ the dinner already.A had cooked B.cooked C.have cooked D.was cooked 4、过去将来时 一、过去将来时的构成：1、would/should+动词原形 2、was/were going to+动词原形 二、过去将来时的用法：1、表示从过去某时看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用于主句是一般过去时的宾语从句中。例如：He said that he would finish his work before 9 o clcbcmorro
26、w.2、表示过去的某种习惯，只要 would。例如：When ever he has bee n in trouble,we would give him a ha n每当他遇到困难时，我们总会伸出援 助之手。巩固练习：1.Li Mi ng said he _ happy if Bria n _to Chi na n ext mon th.A.as;come B.was;would come C.would be;came D.will be;come 2.What did your son say in the letter?He told me that he the Disney Wor
27、ld the n ext day.A.will visit B.has visited C.is going to visit D.would visit、课堂练习、单句语法填空 1.While making great efforts to run away,she _(fall)over the hill and died.2.ln order to get good marks in the coming exam,my son _(study)late every ni ght in the past three weeks.3.Mrs Weld on _(weigh)only fif
28、ty kilograms,she looks as if she is very weak.4.Despite the previous rounds of talks,by the two sides _(reach)no agreement so far 5.What Tai Chi does for the body _(attract)the attention of western scientists until now.6.Since then,the little cloud _(travel)all over the world,enjoying the views of a
29、ll the forests and beautiful coun tryside.7.He _(eat)something at home when he received a strange phone call from a hospital.8._ Most of people think that the use of cellphones should _(ban)while they are driving,because in that case accide nts can easily happe n.9.Each year approximately 110 teache
30、rs and experts _(employ)from more than twenty countries to teach at BFSU.10.I have always enjo yed all the eve nts you orga ni zed and I hope _(atte nd)many more in the coming years.11.ln art criticism,you must assume the artist has a secret message _(hide)within the work.12._ Pare nts should active
31、ly urge their children(take)adva ntage of the opport unity to join sports teams.13.The cooli ng wind swept through our bedroom windows _(make)air con diti oning unn ecessary 14._ I ngoing to take advantage of this tour(explore)the history of the castle.15.ln 1931,Addams became the first American wom
32、an _(win)the Nobel Peace Prize.16.No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to the children and gran dchildre n.Yet there is evidence _(suggest)that the trend is grow ing.17.The Athletic Department is looking for students _(help)assist staff during the Fall 2016,
33、Win ter 2016 17 and Spri ng 2017 semesters.18.Stude nts _(in terest)in worki ng for the AthleticDepartme nt should con tact the Athletic Coordin ator at their respective campuses.19.(make)it easier to get in touch with us youdetter keep this card at hand.20._(order)over a week ago the books are expe
34、cted to arrive any time now.21.Newly built woode n cottages line the street _(turn)the old tow n in to a dreamla nd 二、单项单句改错 1、When I was a child,I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there.2、In the mornings,it was full of students exercising.The view from the back of the classroom is
35、 also splendid.Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees 3.A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop.4.We must found ways to protect our en vir onment 5.So real frie ndship should able to sta nd all sorts of tests.6 Lots of studies have bee n show n that gl
36、obal warmi ng has already become a very serious problem.7.T ony was scared and beg un to cry.8 Tea in China was traditi on ally drank from cups without han dles.9.My dream school look like a big garde n.10.The early morning bark ing have bee n disturb ing us as we are ofte n up all ni ght with the baby.11.Whe n I was at college I spoke n three foreig n Ian guages,but I had forgotte n all except a few words of each.12.The teacher told that the sun rose in the east.13.I will speak to him whe n I will see him n ext Sun day.