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1、 书面表达篇书面表达篇常见错误有以下几个方面：常见错误有以下几个方面：1.1.审题错误审题错误 抓不住文章的所要写的要点抓不住文章的所要写的要点例文例文 （1 1）中国学生通常过生日的方式，）中国学生通常过生日的方式，如生日聚会、生日礼物、生日祝福等；如生日聚会、生日礼物、生日祝福等；（2 2）我认为有意义的庆祝方式以及）我认为有意义的庆祝方式以及这样做的目的或理由。这样做的目的或理由。Chinese Birthday First let me show you something about the Chinese birthday.Usually it includes three par
2、ts:party,gift and good rewards.On the birthday,we often wear our favorite clothes,which makes us very happy.We also will organize a birthday party in the evening.At the party,well prepare lots of delicious foods,especially the birthday cake.Then we will eat the cake.We sing and dance together.At las
3、t,well take the gift to the person who was born on that day.In the gift there will be a card,on which are our best wishes.2.2.格式错误格式错误 不熟悉常见应用文的格式不熟悉常见应用文的格式 需要熟练掌握的应用文有：书信、日需要熟练掌握的应用文有：书信、日记、通知（分书面通知和口头通知）记、通知（分书面通知和口头通知）Receivers addressDateDear,Body of the letterSincerely/Truly Yours,Writers name
4、Saturday,February 14th.2007,Sunny The body of the your diaryBoys and girls,may I have your attention,please?/Attention please,everyone.Thats all.Thank you!口头通知口头通知书面通知书面通知 Notice Students Union 3.词法错误词法错误1)用词重复用词重复如：如：return back;repeat again;Chinese students in China have our own way to celebrate b
5、irthday.2)用词不当用词不当如：把如：把bring写成写成“take”，“get”，“fetch”等等把欢迎某人到我校写成把欢迎某人到我校写成welcome you to visit our school正确的说法是：正确的说法是：You are welcome to visit our school.或或Welcome to our school.3)词性混淆词性混淆A.不及物动词当成及物动词：不及物动词当成及物动词：例如：例如：is happened/is belonged to/come(to)the city/return(to)the placeB.把形容词用作动词如：把形容
6、词用作动词如：例如：例如：This will happy the foreign visitors.Please ready a small gift.C.不可数名词用成可数名词：不可数名词用成可数名词：例如例如:make a great progress what a fine weather day!D.形容词和副词的使用错误形容词和副词的使用错误例如：例如：work hardly talk friendly Dont take it serious.4）虚词错误虚词错误A.冠词的漏用和误用冠词的漏用和误用例如：例如：Send him a email.B.介词使用错误介词使用错误例如：例如
7、：They had to wait the bus under the hot sun.under the sun:普天之下普天之下5）拼写错误）拼写错误把礼物把礼物present写成写成peasant parents,pleasant,如把如把present写成写成parents那行文就那行文就成了成了please bring along your small parents for this purpose.Remember to wrap it up.sign your name and write a few words of good wishes.注意同形词注意同形词:model-
8、medal-mental-metal effort-effect-offer-affect abroad-board-broad-aboard strict-strike-stick注意易拼错单词：注意易拼错单词：modern,government,destroy,true,official等等 4.句法错误句法错误1 1）连词错误连词错误连词错误连词错误如：如：如：如：because because 与与与与 so;although/though so;although/though 与与与与 butbut同同同同时使用。或两个句子之间没有连词，如：时使用。或两个句子之间没有连词，如：时使用
9、。或两个句子之间没有连词，如：时使用。或两个句子之间没有连词，如：He likes He likes English,I like English,I like MathsMaths.2)2)汉式英语汉式英语汉式英语汉式英语如：如：如：如：“晚会将在主楼花园顶上举行。晚会将在主楼花园顶上举行。晚会将在主楼花园顶上举行。晚会将在主楼花园顶上举行。”写成写成写成写成”The The party will in the main building roof garden party will in the main building roof garden held.”held.”“操场上有五个学生
10、在踢足球。操场上有五个学生在踢足球。操场上有五个学生在踢足球。操场上有五个学生在踢足球。”写成写成写成写成“On On the playground there are five students play the playground there are five students play football.”football.”把把把把There will be a partyThere will be a party写成写成写成写成There will have a There will have a party.party.3）句子前后不一致句子前后不一致学生常常容易在文章中的时态、
11、语态、人称、学生常常容易在文章中的时态、语态、人称、主谓一致出现错误。主谓一致出现错误。如：如：The place can solve the problem.The book was disappeared last week.Mr Smith,with his wife,have arrived in Shanghai.I will go to visit you as soon as I will return to China.You should work hard.If not,we will fail to pass the exam.四对策四对策词汇是保证，语法是基础，句型是关
12、键词汇是保证，语法是基础，句型是关键如何写好句子如何写好句子 写好句子有许多方法和技巧，谈谈句子写好句子有许多方法和技巧，谈谈句子的基本结构及与汉语的一些区别。的基本结构及与汉语的一些区别。A.A.确定主语确定主语 英语句子无论多长都有自己的主语（祈英语句子无论多长都有自己的主语（祈使句除外）。动手写句子首先要确定主语，使句除外）。动手写句子首先要确定主语，其次要特别注意汉语与英语的区别。其中其次要特别注意汉语与英语的区别。其中几点请学生注意：几点请学生注意：A.汉语中的主语不一定是英文中的主语。汉语中的主语不一定是英文中的主语。例如：例如：北京八月多雨。英文中不说北京八月多雨。英文中不说“B
13、eijing rains much in August.”而说而说“It rains much in Beijing in August.”英文中主谓语有时需要倒装，汉语则不需要。英文中主谓语有时需要倒装，汉语则不需要。例如：例如：Only then did I realize how important it is to study English B.B.动词是关键动词是关键 英文中没有动词就构不成句子，但英语动词千变英文中没有动词就构不成句子，但英语动词千变万化，稍不注意就会写错句子。在写句子时应特别万化，稍不注意就会写错句子。在写句子时应特别注意以下几个方面。注意以下几个方面。v注意及
14、物与不及物动词的正确运用。注意及物与不及物动词的正确运用。v注意非延续性动词的用法。注意非延续性动词的用法。v注意一些不可用作被动语态的动词。注意一些不可用作被动语态的动词。v注意一些动词的特殊用法。注意一些动词的特殊用法。v注意那些汉译意思相同实际用法不同的词。注意那些汉译意思相同实际用法不同的词。v注意动词的时态及时态的一致。注意动词的时态及时态的一致。v注意部分常用动词及动词词组的辨异，否则，差注意部分常用动词及动词词组的辨异，否则，差之毫厘，谬以千里，以下是一些容易混淆的动词词之毫厘，谬以千里，以下是一些容易混淆的动词词组。组。be tired of 因因烦恼烦恼be tired fr
15、om 因因感到累感到累wear 穿（状态）穿（状态）put on 穿（动作）穿（动作）be compared with 与与比较比较be compared to 把把比作比作be made from 由由制作（改变本质）制作（改变本质）be made up of 由由构成构成be made of 由由制成制成(不改变本质不改变本质)find 找（结果）找（结果）look for 找（动作）找（动作）look at 看（动作）看（动作）see 看（结果）看（结果）be used to 习惯于习惯于 used to 过去常常过去常常 1）“启启”-创造良好开端创造良好开端常常用用表表达达“启启”的
16、的过过渡渡词词语语和和词词组组有有:in the first place,first of all,firstly,generally speaking,to start with,to begin with等。等。常常用用表表达达“启启”的的句句型型有有:as is known to all/as we all know;as the proverb says;it is often said that;as a new ways of;there have been many changes;it is clear/obvious等。等。3用好用好“启、承、转。合启、承、转。合”的词语和句
17、子的词语和句子例句：例句：（天津）（天津）As we all know,we are what we eat.Therefore,its very important for us to form healthy eating habits.(北京）北京）Its often said that all work without play makes Jack a dull boy.As the proverb says,no pains,no gains.2）“承承”-顺势承上启下顺势承上启下 常用表达常用表达“承承”的过渡词语和词组有：的过渡词语和词组有：secondly;in additi
18、on;besides;furthermore;moreover;what is more;what is worse,for example;in other words,especially,particularly,obviously,at the same time,no doubt等等常用表达常用表达“启启”的句型有的句型有:compared with that;as far as I know;It is true that;It is known to all that;It can be easily proved that;the reason why.;There is no
19、 doubt that;It is no wonder that;what is more serious is that等。例句：等。例句：（湖北）（湖北）It is known to us that some students cheat in examination at school.(福建福建)As far as I know,English learning should start from childhood.3）“转转”-巧妙转折过渡巧妙转折过渡 常用表达常用表达“转转”的过渡词语和词组有：的过渡词语和词组有：but,however,on the other hand,on
20、the contrary,in any case,or,or else,while,despite,in spite of,regardless of,instead常用表达常用表达“转转”的句型有的句型有:Every coin has two sides.But for,I would never;another example is that;Taking everything into consideration;Thats why I feel that等等例句：例句：But for his help,I would never succeed in my experiment.Tak
21、ing everything into consideration,you have to work much hard than before to win the competition.4）“合合”-完美结束全文完美结束全文 常用表达常用表达“合合”的过渡词语和词组有：的过渡词语和词组有：in a word,in general,in short,above all,finally,in conclusion,at last,in summary,as a result,above all,on the whole等等 常用表达常用表达“合合”的句型有的句型有:something mus
22、t be done to.;it can be safely concluded from that;in my opinion;we can draw the conclusion that it may be briefly summed up as follows等等例句例句 We can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.Something must be done/some measures must be taken to improve our en
23、vironment.It may be briefly summed up as follows:its high time that our government took some measures to improve our environment A.”启启“根据所给提示句型完成下列句子：根据所给提示句型完成下列句子：1.First of all,you should2.首先你们必须在用餐前洗手。首先你们必须在用餐前洗手。3.2.Some of us think that its better to4.我们有些人认为看电影比读原著好。我们有些人认为看电影比读原著好。5.3.To so
24、me extent,the way6.我们的交际方式在一定程度上取决于我们我们的交际方式在一定程度上取决于我们的文化。的文化。B.”承承“1._（加之，而且），（加之，而且），I have a lot of homework to do.2._(此外）此外）,we should improve our study methods and get well prepared for the exam.3._(更重要的是）更重要的是）is that you should listen attentively in class and do you homework carefully.Whats
25、moreBesidesWhat is more important C.“转转”1.As students,we often take exams at school,_ sometimes we have too many exams which are too difficult for us.2.I dont think every one has tried his best._,some of us are lazy and dont work hard at their lessons.3.The situation is getting better._,there are st
26、ill some problems,such as water and air pollution and heavy traffic in rush hours.butOn the contraryHoweverD.“合合”1.I have talked a lot._,it is wrong to cheat in exams.2._,it seems to me that measures are an important part of our life.In a wordIn summary4.要善于使用英文的习惯用语和短语要善于使用英文的习惯用语和短语不善于使用英文习惯用法和短语，
27、结果写出不善于使用英文习惯用法和短语，结果写出许多中式英语，如想表达许多中式英语，如想表达“玩得很愉快玩得很愉快”就写就写“play happily”而不会用而不会用have a good time,have fun,enjoy oneself这样的短语。又如这样的短语。又如想表达想表达“我非常喜欢学英语我非常喜欢学英语”就写就写“I very like to study English,”而不会用而不会用“enjoy learning,be interested in,be fond of”等等习惯用语。这主要是受汉语负迁移影响，在书习惯用语。这主要是受汉语负迁移影响，在书面表达题中要特别注
28、意这样的问题。面表达题中要特别注意这样的问题。5.要善于变通要善于变通在平时的书面表达测试中，一些同学往往因在平时的书面表达测试中，一些同学往往因为提示中的某个词不会表达，卡在那里写不下为提示中的某个词不会表达，卡在那里写不下去，而不会拐个弯变通一下。如去，而不会拐个弯变通一下。如“他对某事不他对某事不太熟悉太熟悉”，(be familiar with)熟悉不知怎样熟悉不知怎样表达就空在那，而不会用表达就空在那，而不会用“He knows a little about it”，又如又如“他这一生经历了许多事他这一生经历了许多事”。在在“经历经历”卡住，实际上卡住，实际上“He has seen
29、 a lot in his life”也能表达该意思。也能表达该意思。6.多记成语多记成语：No pains,no gains.Every coin has two sides.Where there is a will,there is a way.An early bird catches the worms.Well begun half done.You cannot eat your cake and have it.After rain comes the sunshine.A friend in need is a friend indeed.Rome is not built
30、in a day.The more haste,the less speed.Time flies.7.推荐好句推荐好句:1.It is well known that2.It is generally believed that 3.It is universally acknowledged that4.It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的
31、学生所有知识的。候教会他们的学生所有知识的。5.This issue is becoming a matter of concern for more and more people,especially for parents and experts in education.这一问题已被越来越多的人所关这一问题已被越来越多的人所关注，尤其是父母和教育专家注，尤其是父母和教育专家 6.The more.,the more The more books we read,the more learned we become.我们书读得越多，我我们书读得越多，我们越有学问。们越有学问。7.What
32、s more/worse8.As far as I am concerned,9.On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽视知识的价值。我们绝对不能忽视知识的价值。10.It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。决交通问题的时候了。11.There is no doubt that the increase in
33、demand caused the rise in prices.毫无疑问，需求的增长导致了价格的上涨。毫无疑问，需求的增长导致了价格的上涨。12.There is no need 13.It is no wonder that14.Lets take cars for example.They not only pollute the air in cities,but make them crowded.Furthermore,they are responsible for a lot of traffic accidents.15.Clever as she is,/Student a
34、s he is,./Hard as he works,16.Nowadays Christmas Day is becoming more and more popular with Chinese youngsters.They celebrate and enjoy it in various ways.Meanwhile they dont know and dont care much about the traditional Chinese festivals.Some people are worrying that the increasing popularity of Ch
35、ristmas might take peoples attention from traditional festivals in China.As far as Im concerned,there is no need to have fears over culture expansion.Youngsters are interested in new things,but it doesnt mean they are turning their backs on Chinese traditional culture.However,we should stay cool whi
36、le celebrating western festivals.We should bear in mind the cultural value of celebrating our own traditional festivals,for if we let our traditions disappear,there will be a cultural gap,which western values may fill.请请请请根根根根据据据据下下下下表表表表提提提提供供供供的的的的信信信信息息息息，用用用用英英英英语语语语写写写写一一一一篇篇篇篇120120120120词词词词左
37、左左左右右右右的的的的短短短短文文文文，介介介介绍绍绍绍中中中中国国国国第第第第一一一一位位位位航航航航天天天天英英英英雄雄雄雄杨杨杨杨利利利利伟伟伟伟。文文文文章章章章的的的的题题题题目目目目已已已已给出。给出。给出。给出。姓名：杨利伟姓名：杨利伟姓名：杨利伟姓名：杨利伟 出生年月：出生年月：出生年月：出生年月：1965 1965 1965 1965 出生地：辽宁省出生地：辽宁省出生地：辽宁省出生地：辽宁省简历：简历：简历：简历：1 1 1 1、1983198319831983年年年年6 6 6 6月入伍，月入伍，月入伍，月入伍，1988198819881988年年年年9 9 9 9月入党月
38、入党月入党月入党2 2 2 2、1987198719871987年年年年 毕毕毕毕 业业业业 于于于于 空空空空 军军军军 第第第第 八八八八 飞飞飞飞 行行行行 学学学学 院院院院（Aviation Aviation Aviation Aviation CollegeCollegeCollegeCollege）并成为一名战斗飞行员。并成为一名战斗飞行员。并成为一名战斗飞行员。并成为一名战斗飞行员。3 3 3 3、1998199819981998年选为年选为年选为年选为921921921921工程（即神州）成员工程（即神州）成员工程（即神州）成员工程（即神州）成员4 4 4 4、2003200
39、320032003年年年年10101010月月月月被被被被选选选选为为为为我我我我国国国国第第第第一一一一名名名名宇宇宇宇航航航航员员员员乘乘乘乘坐坐坐坐“神神神神舟舟舟舟五五五五号号号号”飞飞飞飞船船船船进进进进入入入入太太太太空空空空，绕绕绕绕地地地地球球球球飞飞飞飞行行行行14141414圈圈圈圈，在在在在太太太太空空空空中中中中度度度度过过过过了了了了21212121小时。小时。小时。小时。评价：评价：评价：评价：1 1 1 1、获得成功，名字名垂青史、获得成功，名字名垂青史、获得成功，名字名垂青史、获得成功，名字名垂青史2 2 2 2、中国人以杨利伟为骄傲。、中国人以杨利伟为骄傲。、中国人以杨利伟为骄傲。、中国人以杨利伟为骄傲。3 3 3 3全世界的年轻人视其为实现梦想的榜样。全世界的年轻人视其为实现梦想的榜样。全世界的年轻人视其为实现梦想的榜样。全世界的年轻人视其为实现梦想的榜样。Chinas First Spaceman-YangChinas First Spaceman-YangChinas First Spaceman-YangChinas First Spaceman-Yang Liwei Liwei Liwei Liwei