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1、?专业英语?教案TeachingPlanonSpecializedEnglishCourseforAppliedChemistry课程类型:化学系专业选修课LessonType:SpecializedCourseforAppliedChemistryTeachingPlanonSpecializedEnglishCourseforAppliedChemistryPart1PhysicalPropertiesPhysicalPropertiesPart2ChemicalEquationsPart3ChemicalCalculationPart4NomenclatureOfInorganicChe
2、micalsPart5SomeBasicChemicalTheoriesPart6TranslationPart7AbriefintroductiontoscientificwritinginEnglishPart1PhysicalProperties物理性质1Colour颜颜色色colourlessred-brownviolet-blackpurple-blackpaleyellowdarkbrown2statesolidliquidgasgaseousoilycrystallineuncrystallinemoltenfused3smellodourlesspungentpenetrati
3、ngchokingoffensivesoursweetbitter4solubilitysolubleinsolubleslightlysolubleverysoluble5observationsbriskeffervescenceprecipitatemilkyaqueoussolution6densityheavylightlessdensedensergreatlydenserslightlydenseraboutthesamedense7hardnesshardsoftductilemalleable8toxicitytoxicpoisonous9 9meltingmeltingpo
4、intpointboilingpointboilingpointHighlow10conductivityelectronicconductivitythermalconductivityconductorsemiconductorinsulatorDisproportionation歧化反响neutralization;hydrolysis中和反响,水解反响exothermicreaction放热反响endothermicreaction吸热反响reversiblereaction可逆反响forwardreaction正向反响reversereaction逆反响spontaneousreac
5、tion自发的反响nonspontaneousreaction非自发反响1.反响名称:化化学学方方程程式式Part2ChemicalEquations2、反响条件heat;burnignite/ignition(点燃electrolyze/electrolysis电解under/atambient/roomtemperatureunderstandardpressurewith/intheprescenceofcatalyst3、读法3.1Nitrogenreactswithhydrogentoformammoniaathightemperatureandpressurewiththepres
6、enceofacatalyst.高温,高压高温,高压1molnitrogenreactswith3molhydrogentoform2molammoniaathightemperatureandpressurewiththepresenceofacatalyst.3.2Nitrogencombineswithhydrogentoformammoniaathightemperatureandpressurewiththepresenceofacatalyst.Ammoniadecomposestonitrogenandhydrogenathightemperatureandpressurewit
7、hthepresenceofacatalyst.3.3Reactionbetweennitrogenandhydrogenathightemperatureandpressurewiththepresenceofacatalystgivesammonia.Athightemperatureandpressure,reactionofnitrogenwithhydrogeninthepresenceofacatalysttakesplace.Zinctreatedwithhydrochloricacidformshydrogenandzincchloride23.4Calciumcarbonat
8、ewhenheatedproducescalciumoxideandcarbondioxideCalciumcarbonateisheatedtoyieldcalciumoxideandcarbondioxideCalciumcarbonatedecomposestocalciumoxideandcarbondioxidewhenitisheated3.1化学术语atomicmass/weight;molecularweightamount(ofsubstance);mole摩尔;克分子numberofmoles;molarmassmolarvolume;concentrationmolari
9、tymulriti;mulriti:excessagentlimitingagent;reactantproduct;yieldPart3ChemicalCalculation化学计算化学计算3.2数学术语:运算名称additionsubstractionmulplicationdivision动词读法addsubstract(ed)frommultiply(ied)bydivide(d)by介词读法plusminusmainstimesover运算结果 sumdifferenceproductquotientkwunt0.001o/zeropointooone2/3twothirdsequa
10、ls/isequaltoisapproximatelyequaltolessthangreaterthanx2xsquaredx3xcubedx-10 xtotheminustenthpower100oconehundreddegreescentigrade5%fivepercent(bymass,volume)roundbrackets/parenthesessquare/angularbracketsbraces基本形状linearpyramidal三角锥的trigonaltetrahedral正四面体的squarespherical球形的rectangularovalcircleplan
11、arsteroscopic无机物质的命名Part4NomenclatureOfInorganicChemicalselementcompound4.1元素和单质的命名元素和单质的命名“元素和“单质的英文意思都是“element,有时为了区别,在强调“单质时可用“freeelement。因此,单质的英文名称与元素的英文名称是一样的。下面给出的既是元素的名称,同时又是单质的名称。S-blockElementIAHydrogenLithiumSodiumPotassiumRubidiumCesiumFranciumIIABerylliumMagnesiumCalciumStrontiumBarium
12、RadiumIIIAboronAluminiumGalliumIndiumThalliumIVACarbonSiliconGermaniumTinLeadVANitrogenPhosphorusArsenicAntimonyBismuthVIAOxygenSulfurSeleniumTelluriumPoloniumVIIAFluorineChlorineBromineIodineAstatine0HeliumNeonArgonKryptonXenonRadonP-blockElementCommonTransitionElememtFe:ironMn:manganeseCu:copperZn
13、:zincHg:mercuryAg:silverAu:gold4.2化合物的命名化合物的命名化合物的命名顺序都是根据化学式从左往右读,这与中文读法顺序是相反的。表示原子个数时使用前缀:mono-di-tri-tetra-penta-hexa-hepta-octa-,nona-,deca-,但是在不会引起歧义时,这些前缀都尽可能被省去。1化合物正电荷局部的读法化合物正电荷局部的读法直呼其名,即读其元素名称。如CO:carbonmonoxideAl2O3:aluminiumoxideN2O4:Dinitrogentetroxide(tetra-,mono-后缀中的a,o在后一o之前省去)对于有变价
14、的金属元素,除了可用前缀来表示以外,更多采用罗马数字来表示金属的氧化态,或用后缀-ous表示低价,-ic表示高价。如FeO:iron(II)oxide或ferrousoxideFe2O3:iron(III)oxide或ferricoxideCu2O:copper(I)oxide或cuprousoxideCuO:copper(II)oxide或cupricoxide化合物负电荷局部的读法:化合物负电荷局部的读法:.二元化合物.非金属氢化物.无氧酸.含氧酸与含氧酸根阴离子.盐二元化合物常见的二元化合物有卤化物,氧化物,硫化物,氮化物,磷化物,碳化物,金属氢化物等,命名时需要使用后缀-ide,如:f
15、luoride,chloride,bromide,iodide,oxide,sulfide,nitride,phosphide,carbide,hydride;OH-的名称也是用后缀-ide:hydroxide,非金属氢化物不用此后缀,而是将其看成其它二元化合物见4.,非最低价的二元化合物还要加前缀,如O22-:peroxideO2-:superoxide举例:NaF:sodiumfluorideAlCl3:aluminiumchlorideMg2N3:magnesiumnitrideAg2S:silversulfideCaC2:calciumcarbideFe(OH)2:iron(II)hy
16、droxide有些物质常用俗称,如NOnitricoxideN2Onitrousoxide4.2非金属氢化物1)除了水和氨气使用俗称water,ammonia以外,其它的非金属氢化物都用系统名称,命名规那么根据化学式的写法不同而有所不同。对于卤族和氧族氢化物,在化学式中写在前面,因此将其看成另一元素的二元化合物。举例:HFhydrogenfluorideHClhydrogenchlorideHBrhydrogenbromideHIhydrogeniodideH2ShydrogensulfideH2SehydrogenselenideH2Tehydrogentelluride2)对于其它族的非金
17、属氢化物,在化学式中写在后面,可加后缀ane,氮族还可加-ine举例:PH3:phosphine或phosphane AsH3:arsine或arsaneSbH3:stibine或stibaneBiH3:bismuthaneCH4:methaneSiH4:silaneB2H6:diborane4.无氧酸命名规那么:hydro-词根-icacid举例:HCl:hydrochloricacidH2S:hydrosufuricacidBBoronBor-BorideBrBromineBrom-BromideClChlorineChlor-ChlorideFFluorineFluor-Fluoride
18、HHydrogenHydr-HydrideIIodineIod-IodideNNitrogenNitr-NitrideOOxygenOx-OxidePPhosphorusPhosph-PhosphideSSulfurSulf-orsulfur-SulfideSymbolElementStemBinarynameendings4.含氧酸与含氧酸根阴离子化学专业英语用前后缀的不同组合显示不同价态的含氧酸和含氧酸根阴离子,价态相同的含氧酸及含氧酸根阴离子具有相同的前缀,不同的后缀。高某酸per-ic正酸ic亚酸-ous次酸hypo-ous高某酸根per-ate正酸根ate亚酸根-ite次酸根hypo
19、-ite其它的前缀还有ortho-正meta-偏thio-硫代举例:HClO4perchloricacidClO4-perchlorateionHClO3chloricacidClO3-chlorateionHClO2chlorousacidClO2-chloriteionHClOhypochlorousacidClO-hypochloriteionH2SO4sulfuricacidH2SO3sulfurousacidHNO3nitricacidHNO2nitrousacidHPO3metaphosphoricacidS2O32-thiosulfateion4.盐正盐正盐:根据化学式从左往右分
20、别读出阳离子和阴离子的名称。如FeSO4iron(II)sulfateKMnO4potassiumpermanganate酸酸式式盐盐:同正盐的读法,酸根中的读做hydrogen,氢原子的个数用前缀表示。如 NaHCO3:sodium hydrogencarbonate 或 sodiumbicarbonateNaH2PO4:sodiumdihydrogenphosphate复复盐盐:同正盐的读法,并且阳离子按英文名称的第一个字母顺序读。如KNaCO3:potassuimsodiumcarbonateNaNH4HPO4:ammoniumsodiumhydrogenphosphate水合盐水合盐:
21、结晶水读做water或hydrate如AlCl36H2O:aluminumchloride6-water或aluminumchloridehexahydrateAlK(SO4)212H2O aluminium potassium sulphate12-water有机物有机物质的命名的命名烷烃的英文命名1 烷 烃 Alkanes有有机机化化合合物物的的英英文文命命名名很很不不统统一一,有有普普通通命命名名、衍生命名、系衍生命名、系统统命名及命名及CA系系统统命名等。命名等。CH4甲烷methaneC2H6乙烷ethaneC3H8丙烷propaneC4H10丁烷butaneC5H12戊烷penta
22、neC6H14己烷hexaneC7H16庚烷heptaneC8H18辛烷octaneC9H20壬烷nonaneC10H22癸烷decaneC11H24十一undecaneC12H26十二烷dodecaneC18H28十三烷tridecaneC14H30十四烷tetradecaneC15H32十五烷pentadecaneC16H34十六烷hexadecan烷烃的英文名称字尾都有的英文名称字尾都有-ane2不不饱和和烃UnsaturatedHydrocarbonCH3甲基methylmethylCH3CH2乙基ethylethylCH3CH2CH2正丙基n-propylpropyl异丙基isopr
23、opyl(1-methylethyl)CH3CH2CH2CH2正丁基n-butylbutylCH3(CH2)3CH2正戊基n-pentyl或n-amylpentyl异戊基isopentyl或isoamyl(3-methylbutyl)新戊基neopentyl(2,2-dimethylpropyl)烷基的名称基的名称CH2=CH2乙烯ethyleneethylene,CH3CH=CH2丙烯propylenepropene,1丁烯1-butylene1-butene,(CH3)2C=CH2异丁烯isobutylenepropene,2methylCH3CH2CH2CH=CH21戊烯1-amylen
24、e1-pentene,异戊二烯isoprene1,3butadiene,2-methyl-烯基alkenyl是将烯的字尾-ene改为-enyl。烯类烯类化合物的名称化合物的名称烯基的名称CH2=CH乙烯基vinylethenyl烯丙基allyl(2-propenyl)丙烯基propenyl(1-propenyl)2-丁烯基(2-butenyl)炔炔类化合物的名称化合物的名称HCCH乙炔acetylene;ethyne,CH3CCH丙炔methylacetylene;propyne,2丁炔dimethylacetylene;2-butyne,丙烯基乙炔propenylacetylene;3-pe
25、nten-1-yne,系统命名是以芳香环为母体,取代基根据环上的位置而定位,苯环上表示2个基团的相对位置普通命名常用邻O,对P,间m表示芳香芳香烃烃AromaticHydrocarbonCompounds苯benzene,萘naphthalene,蒽anthracene,菲phenanthrene,甲苯toluene;methyl-benzene邻二甲苯o-xylene;1,2-dimethyl-benzene对二甲苯p-xylene;1,4-dimethyl-benzene间二甲苯m-xylene;1,3-dimethyl-benzene苯乙烯styrenestyrene;ethenyl-b
26、enzxene卤代代烃OrganicHalidesCH3Cl氯甲烷methylchloride;chloro-methaneCH2Cl2二氯甲烷methylenedichloride;dichloro-methaneCHCl3三氯甲烷氯仿chloroform;trichloro-methaneCCl4四氯化碳carbontetrachloride;tetrachloro-methaneCH3CH2Br溴乙烷ethylbromide;brormo-ethane1,2二溴乙烷ethylenedibromide;1,2-dibromo-ethaneCH2=CHCl氯乙烯vinylchloride;c
27、hloro-ethyleneCH2=CH-CH2Cl烯丙基氯allylchloride;3-chloro-1-propene氯苯phenylchloride;chloro-benzene二氯苯p-phenylenedichloridebenzene,1,4-dichlorop-dichlorobenzene5醇、酚、醇、酚、醚Alcohols,PhenolsandEthersCH3OH甲醇methylalcohol;carbinolmethanol,C2H5OH乙醇ethylalcohol;carbinolethanol,CH3CH2CH2OH正丙醇n-propylalcohol;ethylc
28、arbinol1-propanol,异丙醇isopropylalcohol;dimethylcarbinol2-propanol,CH2(CH2)3OH正丁醇n-butylalcohol;propylcarbinol1-butanol,苯甲醇(苄醇)benzylalcohol;phenylmethanol,醇的英文名称醇的英文名称苯苯酚酚phenol,-萘酚酚-naphthol;1-naphthalenol,-萘酚酚-naphthol;2-naphthalenol,对甲苯酚甲苯酚p-cresolphenol,双酚双酚AbisphenolA;1-methylethylidenebis-pheno
29、l,酚的英文名称酚的英文名称CH3CH2OCH2CH3乙乙醚diethylether或或ethylether,1,1-oxybis-ethaneCH3OCH2CH2CH2CH3甲丁甲丁醚n-butylmethylether,1-methoxy-butane苯甲苯甲醚methylphenylether或或methoxy-anisole醚醚的英文名称的英文名称烷氧基的英文名称氧基的英文名称CH3O-甲氧基甲氧基methoxyC2H5O-乙氧基乙氧基ethoxyC3H7O-丙氧基丙氧基propoxy含氮有机化合物含氮有机化合物(NitrogenousOrganicCompounds)CH3NH2甲甲
30、胺胺methylamine;methanamine,CH3NHC2H5甲乙胺甲乙胺ethylmethylamine;N-methyl-ethanamine醛醛和和酮酮AldehydesandKetones醛和和酮AldehydesandKetonesCH2O甲甲醛formaldehyde,CH3CHO乙乙醛acetaldehyde,CH3CH2CHO丙丙醛propionaldehyde;propanal,CH3CH2CH2CHO正丁正丁醛n-butyraldehyde;butanal,CH3(CH2)3CHO正戊正戊醛n-valeraldehyde;pentanal,-甲基丁甲基丁醛-meth
31、ylbutyraldehyde;2-methyl-butanalCH2=CHCHO丙丙烯醛acrolein2-propenal,丙丙酮acetone;2-propanone,acetone2-戊戊酮methylpropylketone2-pentanone,环己己酮cyclohexanonecyclohexanone,二苯二苯酮diphenylketonebenzophenonemethanone,diphenyl-羧酸和取代酸酸和取代酸CarboxylicAcidsandSubstituteCarboxylicAcidsHCOOH甲酸甲酸formicacid,CH3COOH乙酸乙酸aceti
32、cacid,CH3CH2COOH丙酸丙酸propionicacid,CH3(CH2)2COOH正丁酸正丁酸n-butyricacid;butanoicacid,CH3(CH2)3COOH正戊酸正戊酸n-valericacid;pentanoicacid,CH3(CH2)4COOH正已酸正已酸n-caproicacid;hexanoicacid,乳乳酸酸lacticacid;2-hydroxy-propanoicacidCH2=CHCOOH丙丙烯酸酸acrylicacid;2-propenoicacid,草草酸酸oxalicacid;ethanedioicacid,丙二酸丙二酸malonicac
33、id;propandioicacid,已二酸已二酸adipicacid;hexanedioicacid,顺-丁丁烯二酸二酸maleicacid;Z-2-butenedioicacid,反反-丁丁烯二酸二酸fumaricacid;E-2-butenedioicacid,苯甲酸苯甲酸benzoicacid;benzoicacid,Part6Translation(English-ChineseandChinese-English)I.ImportantRoleofTranslation Translationisarenderingfromonelanguageintoanother,i.e.,t
34、hefaithfulrepresentationinonelanguageofwhatiswrittenorsaidinanotherlanguage.Asameansofcommunication,translationplayanimportantroleinhumancivilization.Inthewest,literarytranslationcantracedbackto300BC,Whileinchina,recorded translation activities are even earlier,dating from the ZhouDynasty(1100BC).Ho
35、wer,notuntilrecentcenturies,especiallybytheendofthe19thcenturydidsystematicstudyoftranslationgetunderway.Inthepastdecadestranslationtheoriesandactivities have developed fast at home and abord.Amordensocietyseesanextensiveuseoftranslationonvariousoccasion.Ifaforeignlanguageisgenerllyacceptedasatoolof
36、life,translation then obviously serves as a dynamic means of emplooying this tool.A proper and dexterous translation helps to promote mutual understanding between pepoles of different cultural and social backgrounds,whereas a misunderstanding or improper rendering of words or expressions may lead to
37、 confusion.NatureandScopeofTranslation WhatisTranslation?Somepeoplebelieveitisascience,otherstakeitasanart;andyetmanyconsideritacraft,orrather,askill.Ofthesevariedopinions,whichoneholdstrueforourpurpose?Ifitreferstoasubject,namely,thestudyoftranslationtheoryandskills,itisnodoubtascience,ifitrefersto
38、somespecificpiecesoftranslation,thenitismorelikeanart,Ifitreferstoaprocess,inwhichsomethingistranslated,thenwemayregarditasacraftoraskill.Translationcoversaverybroadrange.Intermsoflanguages,itcanbedividedintotwocategories:fromnativelanguagesintoforeignlanguagesandviceversa;intermsofthemode,itcanbedi
39、videdintooralinterpretation,writtentranslationandmachinetranslation;intermsofmaterialstobetranslated,thereistranslationofscientificmaterials,translationofliteraryworkssuchasnovels,poetydrama,etc.,translationofpoliticalessayssuchastreatisesonsocialproblems,reports,speeches,etc.,intermsofdisposal,itca
40、nbeeitherfull-texttranslation,abridgedtranslationoradaptedtranslation.PrinciplesandCriteriaofTranslationTheso-calledprinciplesandcriteriaoftranslationareactuallythetwosidesofthesamething.Theformerlaysemphasisonthetranslator;whilethelatteronthereaderorcritic.Yan Fus“three-character guide:faithfulness
41、,expressiveness and elegance.LiteralTranslationandFreeTranslation The so-called literal translation,generally speaking,means“not to alter the original words and sentences;strictly speaking,it strives“to keep the sentiments and style of the original.Freetranslationisanalternativeapproachwhichisusedma
42、inlytoconverythemeaningandspiritoftheoriginalwithouttryingtoreproduceitssentencepatternsorfiguresofspeech.1.Theresnopotsouglyitcantfindalid 2.Littlefishdoesnoteatbigfish3.Whatthetonguesays,theneckpaysfor4.Whatwashatchedahenmustnottrytobearooster5.Agiftisthekeytoopenthedoorclosedagaistyou.Translation
43、TechniquesGenerallyspeaking,thebasictranslationtechniquesthatmeritourattentionandthataretobeappliedinEnglish-ChineseandChinese-Englishtranslationsinclude:(1)Diction(2)Amplification(3)Omission(4)Repetition(5)Conversion(6)Restructuring(7)Negation(8)Division科技英语的写作科技论文中文写作科技论文英文写作科技论文的写作明确所研究的方向设计实验着手实
44、验撰写论文科技论文的中文写作写作步骤3结论2结果与讨论1实验局部引言作者及单位题目参考文献摘要作者为几个单位的,请在右上角用上标形式标出去,姓名间空一格,作者单位标至二级单位,单位间用分号隔开;作者及单位例如注意工程、顺序、英文大小写、标点符号例如注意工程、顺序、英文大小写、标点符号离体培养条件下半夏叶柄形成珠芽过程中内源激素的变化离体培养条件下半夏叶柄形成珠芽过程中内源激素的变化*常常莉莉1)徐有明徐有明1)薛建平薛建平2)*(1)华中农业大学园艺林学学院,武汉华中农业大学园艺林学学院,武汉430070;2安徽省淮北煤炭师范学院生物系,淮北安徽省淮北煤炭师范学院生物系,淮北235000)首首
45、页页面脚注例如注意工程、面脚注例如注意工程、顺顺序及序及标标点符号点符号*国家国家农业农业成果成果转转化基金化基金(05EFN213400124)和淮北市重点工程和淮北市重点工程(06125)资资助助*通通讯讯作者作者.E-mail:常莉常莉,女女,1981年生年生,华华中中农业农业大学园大学园艺艺林学学院林学学院硕硕士研究生士研究生,武武汉汉430070赵铭钦赵铭钦,男,男,1964年生,副教授年生,副教授.工作工作单单位位:河南河南农业农业大学大学农农学院学院,国家烟国家烟草栽培生理生化基地草栽培生理生化基地,郑郑州州中文摘要为报道式摘要,包括简要介绍研究目的、材料、方法和结论,结果要求详
46、细。摘要关键词间用分号隔开,分号后空半格。关键词摘要例如摘要例如为研究黄花蒿生长发育过程中青蒿素含量的动态变异特性,对黄花蒿生长发育过程中青蒿素含量的变化进行了研究,实验说明:黄花蒿下部叶中青蒿素含量明显高于中、上部;黄花蒿上午采收样青蒿素含量明显高于下午;时间越长,青蒿素的含量越黄花蒿生长高;黄花蒿在整个的生长发育过程中,从营养生长末期到花蕾期,青蒿素含量有递增趋势,开花后青蒿素含量明显下降。关键词:黄花蒿;青蒿素;动态变异;含量摘要:为了探讨不同穗型品种水稻的穗部性状与产量和稻米品质的关系表示目的,以辽宁省近年育成的水稻品种品系为试材交待材料,必要时介绍方法进行了品种类型间的比较研究。结果
47、说明:根据水稻着粒密度可将试材分为散穗型、半散穗型、半紧穗型和紧穗型四种类型。各类型间稻谷产量差异显著,其中半散穗型和半紧穗型品种产量较高。紧穗型品种的一次枝梗数、二次枝梗数和每穗空秕粒数都较多,成粒率较低。除了散穗型品种整精米率显著高于半散穗型和半紧穗型品种外,散穗型、半散穗型和半紧穗型间其它品质性状差异不显著,三者品质明显好于紧穗型品种。着粒密度与每穗成粒数、产量呈抛物线,与碱消值呈显著负相关,与谷草比呈显著正相关;产量与食味值呈显著的正相关。在籽粒灌浆结实期,半散穗型和半紧穗型品种的单叶净光合速率较高,后期生产的干物质较多,谷草比较大明确介绍结果。半紧穗型和半散穗型品种在产量较高,食味品
48、质较好,选择适宜着粒密度的材料,容易育出高产优质品种得出结论。包括研究的重要意义、前人研究进展、研究切入点及拟解决的关键问题。前言前前言言例例如如:【本本研研究究的的重重要要意意义义】穗穗型型是是株株型型的的重重要要组组成成局局部部,是是水水稻稻的的重重要要形形态态特特征征之之一一,随随着着水水稻稻穗穗型型由由弯弯到到直直,穗穗型型与与稻稻米米品品质质的的协协调调关关系系已已成成为为日日益益重重要要的的研研究究内内容容1-3。【前前人人研研究究进进展展】徐徐正正进进等等4按按颈颈穗穗弯弯曲曲角角度度划划分分为为直直立立、半半直直立立和和弯弯曲曲3种种穗穗型型;周周开开达达等等5按按单单穗穗重重
49、划划分分为为重重穗穗型型、中中穗穗型型和和轻轻穗穗型型;Yamamoto6等等按按着着粒粒密密度度划划分分为为紧紧穗穗型型、半半紧紧穗穗型型、半半散散穗穗型型和和散散穗穗型型。徐徐正正进进等等按按穗穗型型指指数数2PTI划划分分为为上上部部优优势势型型、中中部部优优势势型型和和下下部部优优势势型型。穗穗部部性性状状与与结结实实率率7,与与碾碾米米品品质质8、物物质质积积累累与与分分配配9,籽籽粒粒灌灌浆浆特特性性10以以及及产产量量潜潜力力11关关系系密密切切。【本本研研究究切切入入点点】近近年年来来,随随着着水水稻稻品品种种产产量量不不断断提提高高和和要要求求品品质质的的改改善善,介介于于紧
50、紧穗穗型型和和散散穗穗型型之之间间的的中中间间类类型型有有增增加加的的趋趋势势。【拟拟解解决决的的关关键键问问题题】本本文文以以辽辽宁宁省省近近年年育育成成的的水水稻稻品品种种品品系系为为材材料料,对对以以着着粒粒密密度度为为指指标标,对对不不同同穗穗型型品品种种的的穗穗部部性性状状和和稻稻米米品品质质进进行行探探讨讨。旨在探索穗型分。旨在探索穗型分类类与指与指标标,为为水稻水稻产产量提高和品量提高和品质质的改的改进进提供理提供理论论依据。依据。有机磷农药作为高效杀虫剂,对蔬菜、稻米、瓜果生长作出了巨大贡献,但是,这些农药对水体和生态环境的污染也日益严重,这些污染影响了人类的生存,它对人畜毒性