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1、写作中的词汇运用写作中的词汇运用 原则v一 基本正确 简单安全v二 准确得体 通顺多样 一 基本正确 简单安全简单词怎么打造完美作文?词汇量多少才够?三种应急措施:1.试用笼统词:take,have 我经历了一个极其艰苦的时代。I experienced a terrible hard time.I had a terrible hard time.take 百用搭配：百用搭配：vDo you understand my meaning,sir?=Do you take my meaning,sir?vI will preside over the meeting.=I will take t
2、he meeting.vI will subscribe to the local newspaper.=I will take the local newspaper.vThey occupied the city.=They took the city.vEg:四级作文中难词v00.01How I Finance My College Educationv银行贷款：vborrow money from the bankvbank loanv2.联想有关词汇同义词和反义词 v1）同义词 I had a nightmare last night.=I had a bad dream last
3、night.I dont understand this word.=I dont know this word.vPractice：vThey discontinued the work at five.vHis temper is nasty.stop terrible 2）反义词。vHe is stubborn.=He is not tame.vThe knife is blunt.=The knife is not sharp.vThis is expensive.=This is not cheap.vShe is talkative.=She is never quiet.3 扬长
4、避短-试用解释性语句 vHe is a dumb.=He is a person who can not speak.vIve never seen such a stubborn person.=Ive never seen such a person who never listens to others advice.v例文分析简单词汇的运用 Examination is a common headache to students all over the world.They all detest it,but all being dominated by it.It represen
5、ts a trial.v dislike/hatev controlledv is/meansvNowadays,examination has become a popular form of testing.It almost can dominate(control)ones future.I am not exaggerating(telling the truth);for you all know it is true.If we want to obtain a diploma(get a graduation paper),we must first pass the exam
6、s.If we do not have a diploma,we may not find a job easily.That is the reason why all students are nervous and pale when they are sitting for an important examination which may concern(have something to do with)their future.vBut as long as examination is on its peak(highest point)of power,we must be
7、 philosophical of(have a calm attitude to)it.If we do not have exams,we may indulge ourselves(spend our time on)in other things instead of books.Exams have to always drive us on.What is wrong for learning more and thoroughly(deeply)?原则v一 基本正确 简单安全v二 准确得体 通顺多样 v 2.1用词准确5Cv 2.2闪光词汇 v 2.3语言通顺 v 2.4词汇多样
8、 2.1用词准确5Cv1“C”:connotation(内涵)v1)避免中式英语v To be a three good student is always a symbol of achievement for the Chinese students.v all-round studentv2)区别近义词 v problem:需要解决的现实问题 Measures have been taken to solve traffic problems in big cities.vissue:常指国家政策或外交问题;争论;They have published a lot of new book
9、s on international issues.vquestion可获得解释或回答的疑问 So there arises the question:what should we do to get rid of the wrong attitudes towards the migrant workers?v2 “C”:collocation 搭配 apply for:I am a Chinese student who wishes to apply for admission into your prestigious university.apply to：apply a theor
10、y to practice come：come to the partyparticipate/join：participate/join in extracurricular activities v3“C”：context(上下文)。v书面语：论说文 正式的书信 06年6 08年12月v口头语：04年6月,05年1月,07年6v书面语：v1)避免使用缩写形式，比如 do not不要写成dont，it is不要写成its。v2)避免使用非标准化的表述方式，比如gonna,wanna之类的口语。v 1.Many college students are gonna take part in C
11、ET-4.v 2.Many college students would like to take part in CET-4.Spoken English书书面面语语 Written Englishthinkmaintain/holdmore and morebooming/in growing numbers/increasinglymost ofthe vast majority oflove/likeenthusiasmcomparewithto weighandseewitness1.Now people in growing numbers are coming to recogn
12、ize a simple but powerful truth:we need each other.And we must care for one another.现在越来越多的人开始认识到现在越来越多的人开始认识到一个简单而又强有力的真理：我们互相需要。我们还必须互相关怀。v1.现在越来越多的人开始认识到一个简单而又强有力的真理：我们互相需要。我们还必须互相关怀。v Now people in growing numbers are coming to recognize a simple but powerful truth:we need each other.And we must
13、 care for one anotherv2.无热情成就不了伟业 v Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm Emersonv Football is my great enthusiasmsayassumeshowreveal/disclose/unfold/expose/indicateexplainshed light on/throw light onneveron no account/in no case/under no circumstancesfaceconfrontknowrecognize/be aware
14、of/be conscious ofentailmakenecessarymakeworseworsengo oncontinueget awayescapemanymultitudes ofaboutconcerning because ofowing to/thanks todeepprofoundv4“C”:conviction(可信度)v限定词:many,generally,typically等 Typically,people prefer to say“yes”when they should say“no”。人们在该拒绝的时候常常点头。v4类限定词语 1）可能性的:may,per
15、haps,probably,mainly，safely.We may safely draw the conclusion that doing part-time jobs benefit college students.There are mainly two reasons.我们可以得出这个结论，做兼职大学生可以受益。这主要有2个原因。2）概括性的：generally/in general,commonly,paratively In general,young people seem more prone to job-hopping.3）频率的usually,sometimes,o
16、ften,most,mostly,nearly,almost,at least,at most,may as well Sometimes,reality is far from satisfactory.4）表示客观观点的to some extent,to some degree I dont agree with the first argument to some extent.v5“C”：culture(文化)2.2闪光词汇 v1使用动态词汇：避免使用语意弱的“be”动词。v1）把句中的表语转换为不同的修饰语。例如：The trees are bare.The grass is bro
17、wn.The landscape seems drab.The brown grass and bare trees form a drab landscape.(转换为前置定语)v2）将作表语用的形容词或名词变为行为动词。例如：The team members are good players.The team members play well.v3）在以“here”或“there”开头的句子中，把“be”动词后的名词或代词变成改写句的主语。vThere are various/different answers among different groups of people.=Answ
18、ers vary/differ among different groups of people.vThere were a lot of great changes in the 2008s.=The 2008s saw/witnessed a lot of great changes.vThere is no opportunity for promotion.=No opportunity for promotion exists.v2 多用语意具体的动词v The work for improving our environment needs more efforts.The wor
19、k for improving our environment calls for more efforts.v My supervisor went past my desk.My supervisor sauntered(=walked slowly)past my desk.vShe is a careful shopper.She compares prices and quality.v“动词连用”要不得 eg:做兼职可以赚钱，也可以长经验。Take a part-time job can provide college students experience as well as
20、money.Taking a part-time job can provide college students experience as well as money。v2.3 语言通顺2.4 词汇多样:“我从灵魂深处感到，一定要反叛一切，走我自己的道路。”-惠特曼v广泛积累，多样表达v2.4 词汇多样:v 2.4.1动词替换 v 2.4.2形容词替换 v 2.4.3 名词替换 2.4.1动词替换v1 动词的准确性：具体词汇替代一般词汇vUsually I will read the newspaper very quickly and try to find some interesti
21、ng stories.flip overv2 动词的程度差异性 increase:v普通增长increase,ascend,climb,rise,go up,mount:Prices are mounting.v急速增长 soar，surge，jump:Oil prices surge to highest levels in decade v上一层次 level up v普通下降decrease,descend,drop,decline,fall,go downv急速下降 collapsev下一层次level offsharply/dramatically/immensely/noticea
22、bly逐渐地 gradually不紧不慢地 gently，moderately 2.4.2形容词替换 v1 具体词汇替代一般词汇 Good:kind，honest，generous，sympathetic，warm-hearted，selfless，honorable，qualified v高频词汇 正确与错误unreasonableirrationalillogicalunfeasibleharmfulunacceptablereasonable 合理的 rational 理性的logical 有逻辑的feasible 可行的beneficial 获益的acceptable 可接受的v2形容
23、词程度化vbut since dinner that cold winter wind brought with it clouds so somber,and a rain so penetrating,that further outdoor exercise was now out of the question.-Jane Eyre Charlotte Bront vA(被描述词汇)is so X（形容词）that it can V（动词）。The rain is sothat it can penetrate our skin.vThe price is so high that i
24、t cannot be afforded.The unaffordable price imposes much pressure on parents and college students。vThe plan is so feasible that it can save much money.The money-saving plan.换词练习:v1 By reading books we can get all kinds of knowledge.v2 Not all the books can do good to us.v3 Im sure you will soon find
25、 a good candidate for the position.vacquire，benefit，qualifiedv3 同义替代vWith the coming of the Teachers Day,all the students are eager to express their respect to their teachers.So it is of importance for me to show my esteem to my dearest teacher,Mr.Wang.vconference-meetingvindividuals,characters,folks-people，personsvreap huge fruits-get many benefitsvfor my part,from my own perspective-in my opinion.vshopper,client,consumer,purchaser-customervfacet,dimension,sphere-aspectvinteraction-communication