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1、慧考博考博第一品牌 慧网 考博咨QQ：400 622 4468 第 1 共 8 青 科 技 大 学二一一年士研究生入学考考科目：基英注意事：1本卷共4道大（共73个小），分150分；2本卷属卷，答另有答卷，答案一律写在答卷上，写在卷上或草上均无效。要注意卷清，不要在卷上涂划；3必用、黑笔或字笔答，其它均无效。Part I Vocabulary and Grammar(30 points)1.When he _ all the newspapers,hell go home.a.sell b.has sold c.will have sold d.will be sold2.The machin
2、e starts the moment the button _.a.will be pressed b.is pressed c.has pressed d.has been pressed3.Now that you _,what are you going to do?a.return b.are returning c.have returned d.returned4.I had hoped Mr.Smith _ me an early reply.a.would give b.gave c.to give d.giving 5.Please be sure to call me t
3、he next time you _.a.will come b.would come e d.shall come6.He went on foot,but he _ by bus.a.should go b.could have gone c.ought have gone d.could be gone 7.“Time is running out,_?”a.hadnt we better got start b.hadnt we better get start c.hadnt we better get started d.hadnt we better got started8.W
4、ere it not for the debts,we _ all right.a.would be b.would have been c.were d.are9.When Joyce was told the whole story,she _ in the film.a.ceased interest b.ceased being interested c.ceased interested d.ceased to interest10.We often hear about airplanes _ because of technical faults.a.delaying b.bei
5、ng delayed c.be delayed d.to be delayed11.Revolution means _ the productive forces.a.to liberate b.liberate c.liberated d.liberating12.Why do you stand and watch the milk _ over?慧考博考博第一品牌 慧网 考博咨QQ：400 622 4468 第 2 共 8 a.boiling b.boiled c.to boil d.being boiled13.A phone call sent him _ to the hospi
6、tal.a.hurry b.hurrying c.to hurry d.hurried14.They want the power station _ as soon as possible.a.to set up b.to be set up c.being set up d.to have been set up15.Once _ oxygen,the brain dies.a.deprived of b.depriving of c.having deprived of d.deprived16.Every means _ tried but without much result.a.
7、has been b.have been c.are d.is17.The young in spirit _ the vital forces in our society.a.is b.are c.has been d.have been18.Rarely _ such a silly thing.a.have I heard of b.I have been heard of c.have I been heard of d.I have heard of19.He knows little of mathematics,_ of chemistry.A.as well as b.and
8、 still less c.no less than d.and still more20.Five minutes earlier,_ we could have caught the last train.a.or b.but c.and d.so21.He works too hard.That is _ is wrong with him.a.that which b.that what c.what d.the thing that22.Scarcely was George Washington in his teens _ his father died.a.than b.as
9、c.while d.when23.Electricity power is transmitted from power plant to places _.a.that it is needed b.to which it is needed c.where it is needed d.when it is needed24.That terrible noise is _ me mad.a.putting b.setting c.driving d.turning25.All the rooms have _ carpets,which are included in the price
10、 of the house.a.adapted b.designed c.equipped d.fitted26.Is this a good camera?Can it take color _?a.portraits b.filmshows c.pictures d.paintings27.His advice to wear white clothes in a hot,sunny climate was followed.This _ helped people to be cooler.a.demand b.recommendation c.invention d.request28
11、.I just have a few household _ to cope with and then Ill be free to come out with you.a.assignments b.charges c.chores d.errands29.His breaking of the rules set a dangerous _.a.custom b.precedent c.practice d.usage30.They had dug out an ice cave to provide _ for the night.a.safety b.refuge c.retreat
12、 d.shelter慧考博考博第一品牌 慧网 考博咨QQ：400 622 4468 第 3 共 8 Part II Reading Comprehension(40 points)Read the article carefully and answer the questions that follow in Section A,B,C,and D.CIVILIZATION&HISTORY1 Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conqueror
13、s and generals and soldiers,whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all.We do not know who first set a broken leg,or launched a seaworthy boat,or calculated the length of the year,or manured a field,but we know all about the killers and destroyers.Peopl
14、e think a great deal of them,so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of the conqueror or a general or a soldier.And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other c
15、ountries and ruled over them as conquerors.It is just possible they are,but they are not the most civilized.Animals fight;so do savages;hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good,but it is not to be civilized.Even being good at getting other people t
16、o fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently-this,after all,is what conquerors and generals have done-is not being civilized.People fight to settle quarrels.Fighting means killing,and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than by seein
17、g which side can kill off the greater number of the other side,and then saying that that side which has killed most has won.And not only has won,but,because it has won,has been in the right.For that is what going to war means;it means saying that might is right.2 That is what the story of mankind ha
18、s on the whole been like.Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history,in which millions of people were killed or mutilated.And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets-while,that is to say,we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and beh
19、aving properly to each other in daily life-nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet,and still behave like savages.3 But we must not expect too much.After all,the race of men has only just started.From the point of view of evolution,human beings are very young children indeed,babies,in fa
20、ct,of a few months old.Scientists reckon that there has been life of some sort on the earth in the form of jelly-fish and that kind of creature for about twelve hundred million years;but there have been men for only one million years,and there have been civilized men for about eight thousand years a
21、t the outside.These figures are difficult to grasp;so let us scale them down.Suppose that we reckon the whole past of living creatures on the earth as one hundred 慧考博考博第一品牌 慧网 考博咨QQ：400 622 4468 第 4 共 8 years;then the whole past of man works out at about one month,and during that month there have be
22、en civilizations for between seven and eight hours.So you see there has been little time to learn in,but there will be oceans of time in which to learn better.Taking mans civilized past at about seven or eight hours,we may estimate his future,that is to say,the whole period between now and when the
23、sun grows too cold to maintain life any longer on the earth,at about one hundred thousand years.Thus mankind is only at the beginning of its civilized life,and as I say,we must not expect too much.The past of man has been on the whole a pretty beastly business,a business of fighting and bullying and
24、 gorging and grabbing and hurting.We must not expect even civilized peoples not to have done these things.All we can ask is that they will sometimes have done something else.Section AAnswer the following questions.31.This essay can be divided into two main parts,although it has three paragraphs.Wher
25、e do you think the second part begins-at the beginning of the second paragraph or of the third?32.Which of the following sentences gives the best summary of the first part?(a)Some of the people who helped civilization forward are not mentioned at all in history books.(b)Conquerors and generals have
26、been our most famous men,but they did not help civilization forward.(c)It is true that people today do not fight or kill people in the streets.33.Which of the following sentences best summarizes the second part of the essay?(a)In order to understand the long periods of history,we have to scale them
27、down to shorter periods.(b)The past of man has been on the whole a pretty beastly business.(c)Mankind is only at the beginning of civilized life;so we must expect a great deal of civilization at this stage.34.What the examples does the author give of people who really helped civilization forward?35.
28、In what way are great soldiers similar to animals?36.Are people today more civilized in any way than in the past?If so,in what way?37.What were the earliest forms of life on this earth?38.When will there be no life on this earth,according to the author?39.The word figure is both used in the first pa
29、ragraph and in the third.Does it have the same meaning in both places?If not,what are its two different meanings?慧考博考博第一品牌 慧网 考博咨QQ：400 622 4468 第 5 共 8 40.Is the author hopeful about the figure of civilization?How do you know?Section B Answer the questions by choosing the best alternative(a,b,c,d)u
30、nder each.41.In the first sentence,the author says that_.(a)most history books were written by conquerors,general and soldiers.(b)no one who really helped civilization forward is mentioned in any history books.(c)history books tell us far more about conquerors and soldiers than about thosewho helped
31、 civilization forward.(d)conquerors,generals and soldiers should not be mentioned in history books.42.On all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world,we find _.(a)the figure of the same conqueror or general or soldier.(b)the figure of some conqueror or general or soldier.(c)a figure repr
32、esenting the number of conquerors,generals and soldiers in that country.(d)the figure of a person who helped civilization forward.43.Most people believe that the greatest countries are _.(a)those that built the highest pillars.(b)those that were beaten in battle by the greatest number of other count
33、ries.(c)those that were ruled by the greatest number of conquerors.(d)those that won greatest number of battles against other countries.44.In the authors opinion,the countries that ruled a large number of other countries are _.(a)certainly not the greatest in any way.(b)neither the greatest not the
34、most civilized (c)possibly the most civilized but not the greatest.(d)possibly the greatest in some sense but not the most civilized.45.The author says that civilized people _.(a)should not have any quarrels to settle.(b)should not fight when there are no quarrels to settle.(c)should settle their qu
35、arrels without fighting.(d)should settle their quarrels by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side.46.That is what going to war means;it means saying that might is right.The meaning of this sentence is that _.(a)those who fight believe that the winner is right and the los
36、er wrong.慧考博考博第一品牌 慧网 考博咨QQ：400 622 4468 第 6 共 8(b)only those who are powerful should go to war.(c)those who are right should fight against those who are wrong.(d)in a war only those who are powerful will win.47.Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history.The author says this in ord
37、er to show that our own age is _.(a)different from those of the past.(b)not much better than those of the past.(c)much better than those of the past.(d)not so civilized as those of the past.48.From the point of view of evolution,human beings are very young children indeed.The author says this in ord
38、er to show that _.(a)very young children are not civilized.(b)evolution does not help civilization forward.(c)human beings have learnt very little in a very long time.(d)human beings are still at the beginning of their life on this earth.49.The scale which the author uses for representing time is _.
39、(a)one month=one million years.(b)one hundred years=eight thousand years.(c)one year=one million years.(d)one month=twelve hundred million years.50.We must not expect even civilized peoples not to have done these things.Thissuggests that _.(a)those who have done any fighting and bullying cannot be c
40、onsidered civilized.(b)there is nothing wrong if civilized people do some fighting and bullying.(c)even civilized people have done some fighting and bullying.(d)civilized people have never done any fighting and bullying.Section CFind single words in this essay which have roughly the meanings given b
41、elow.51.uncivilized person52.fertilized53.image of a person made from stone,metal etc.54.quarrel or difference of opinion55.strength or power56.all human beings considered together57.boneless sea-animal which evolved very early on58.count or estimate59.as bad as animals in behaviors60.causing painSe
42、ction D 慧考博考博第一品牌 慧网 考博咨QQ：400 622 4468 第 7 共 8 Match the words given under A with the meaning given under B.list B has some extra items.A B61.grab (a)gradual development62.mutilate (b)honorable,famous63.seaworthy (c)a straight,tall support64.reckon (d)good at producing results65.conqueror (e)fit to
43、 sail in the sea(f)think(on the basis of a calculation)66.glorious (g)get hold of 67.bully (h)one who defeats another country68.pillar (i)be cruel to someone weaker69.evolution (j)destroy or injure an important part70.efficient (k)one who gets other people to fight for him (l)put things on a smaller
44、 scale (m)an officer of the navyPart III Translation(50 points)Section A Translate the underlined part of the Chinese text into English.人生里有离也是好事。如果没有离，人就不能真正珍惜相聚的刻；如果没有离，人就再也没有重逢的喜悦。离从个点看，是好的。我相聚是幸福的，离便不免哀。但幸福是比而来的，若没有哀做托，幸福的滋味也就不能体会了。再从深一点的点来思考，世有多的“怨僧会”，在相聚感到重大痛苦的人比比皆是，如果没有离件好事，他不是要永受折磨，永沉于悔恨之中？幸
45、好，人生有离。因相聚而幸福的人，离是好，使那些相思的泪都化成甜美的水晶；因相聚而痛苦的人，离最好，散云消看了开的天。可以因离散，在苦中的人，有候正是生命的期待与盼望。聚与散、幸福与悲哀、失望与希望，假如我愿意品，都有滋味，都是生命中不可或缺的。Section B Translate the underlined part of the English text into Chinese.I have never had much patience with the writers who claim from the reader an effort to understand their m
46、eaning.You have not only to go to the great philosophers to see that it is possible to express with lucidity the most subtle reflections.There are two sorts of obscurity that you find 慧考博考博第一品牌 慧网 考博咨QQ：400 622 4468 第 8 共 8 in writers.One is due to negligence and the other to willfulness.People ofte
47、n write obscurely because they have never taken the trouble to learn to write clearly.This sort of obscurity you find too often in modern philosophers,in men of science,and even in literary critics.Here it is indeed strange.You would have thought that men who passed their lives in the study of the g
48、reat masters of literature would be sufficiently sensitive to the beauty of language to write if not beautifully at least with perspicuity.Yet you will find in their works sentence after sentence that you must read twice to discover the sense.Often you can only guess at it,for the writers have evide
49、ntly not said what they intended.Another cause of obscurity is that the writer is not himself quite sure of his meaning.He has a vague impression of what he wants to say,but has not,either from lack of mental power or from laziness,exactly formulated it in his mind and it is natural enough that he c
50、an not find a precise expression for a confused idea.This is due largely to the fact that many writers think,not before,as they write.The pen originates the thought.The disadvantage of this-and indeed it is a danger against which the author must be always on his guard-is that there is a sort of magi