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1、 I 分类号 密级 UDC 编号 学士学位毕业论文（设计）题目 An Analysis of the Three States of Marriage in Pride and Prejudice 学生姓名 李彤 学号 1304011240 导师姓名 陈文 职称 副教授 学 院 外国语学院 专 业 英 语 2017 年 5 月 II 普洱学院 本科毕业论文（设计）原创性及知识产权声明 本人郑重声明：所呈交的毕业论文（设计）是在导师的指导下取得的成果。对本论文（设计）的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标注。因本毕业论文（设计）引起的法律结果完全由本人承担。本毕业论文（设计）成果
2、归普洱学院所有。本人遵循普洱学院有关毕业论文（设计）的相关规定，提交毕业论文（设计）的印刷本和电子版本。本人同意普洱学院有权保存毕业论文（设计）的印刷本和电子版，并提供目录检索与阅览服务；可以采用影印、缩印、数字化或其它复制手段保存论文；在不以营利为目的的前提下，可以公布非涉密毕业论文（设计）的部分或全部内容。特此声明 作者签名：导师签名：II 中文摘要 傲慢与偏见是简奥斯丁的代表作品，小说的女主人公伊丽莎白出身于小地主家庭，为富豪子弟出身的达西所爱慕。达西不顾门第和财富的差距向伊丽莎白求婚，却遭到拒绝。伊丽莎白对达西有误会和偏见，主要是因为她讨厌他的傲慢，虽然达西的傲慢实际上是社会地位差异的
3、反映，并且只要这种傲慢真实存在，达西与伊丽莎白之间就不可能有共同的思想感情，也不可能有理想的婚姻。但随着达西改变了过去那种傲慢与自负的态度，伊丽莎白也亲眼目睹和发现了达西为人处事细心真诚的一面，两人的误会慢慢化解，并最终缔结了美满姻缘。伊丽莎白对达西先后两次求婚的不同态度，实际上反映了女性对人格独立和平等权利的追求。这是伊丽莎白这一人物形象的进步意义，也是简奥斯丁通过这部小说对自己内心世界的真实写照和表白。这部小说反映了作者自己独特的婚姻观：一定的经济条件是婚姻幸福的物质保障，爱情是婚姻幸福的基石。本文就小说中三种不同婚姻状态分析婚姻与爱情，主权主义之间的关系。关键词：婚姻关系；爱情；女权主义
4、 I V Abstract Pride and Prejudice is the representative works of Jan Austin,the heroine Elizabeth was born in the family of small landowners.She was loved by Darcy who was born in a rich family.Darcy asked Elizabeth to marry him in spite of the gap between his family and his wealth,but he refused.El
5、izabeth has a misunderstanding and prejudice against Darcy,mainly because of her dislike of his pride.Darcys arrogance is actually a reflection of differences in social status,and as long as the pride really exists.Darcy and Elizabeth can not have common thoughts and feelings,let alone have an ideal
6、 marriage.But as Darcy changed the attitude of arrogance and conceit in the past and Elizabeth also witnessed and found Darcys sincerity,the misunderstanding between them began to disappear and finally concluded with a happy marriage.Elizabeths different attitudes towards Darcys two proposals,in fac
7、t,reflect womens pursuit of personality independence and equal rights.This is the progressive significance of Elizabeths character,as well as the true portraiture and expression of Jane Austens inner world through this novel.This novel reflects the authors own unique view of marriage:certain economi
8、c conditions are the material guarantee of happy marriage,and love is the cornerstone of happy marriage.This paper analyzes the relationship among marriage,love and sovereignty based on three different marital status in the novel.Keywords:marital relationship;love;feminism V Contents 1 Introduction.
9、1 1.1brief introduction of Jane Austen.1 1.2A brief introduction to pride and Prejudice.1 2The Three States of Marriage in Pride and Prejudice.2 2.1The First StateRidiculousness.2 2.2The Second StateReality.2 2.3The Third StatePerfection.3 3 Determinants of Marriage in Pride and Prejudice.5 3.1 Love
10、.5 3.2 personality.6 3.3Economic.7 4Contemporary peoples view of marriage.7 4.1Outlook on Life,Value and World.7 4.2love.7 4.3Economic.8 5 Conclusion.8 1 1 Introduction 1.1 brief introduction of Jane Austen Jan Austin(Jane Austen,December 16,1775-July 18,1817),British female novelist,the main works:
11、pride and prejudice,sense and sensibility and so on.When Jan Austin was 21 years old,she wrote her first novel,entitled the first impression.she contacted publishers to publish but no results.In the same year,she began to write Eleanor and Marianne,later she wrote Northanger Abbey,finished in 1799.M
12、ore than ten years later,the original impression was rewritten,renamed Pride and Prejudice,Eleanor and Marianne was rewritten,renamed sense and sensibility,they were published separately.As for the Northanger Abbey,the author did not publish a book.These three are Austens early works,written in her
13、hometown Steventon.Her later works are also three:Mansfield park,Emma and Persuasion,made after the author moving to Jordan.The first two have been published,the Persuasion completed in 1816 only did not publish,because the author was not satisfied with the original outcome,and planed to rewrite,.Af
14、ter she died,her brother Henry Austin is responsible for the publication of Northanger Abbey and Persuasion,and for the first time with the name of Jan Austin.1.2 A brief introduction to pride and Prejudice Pride and Prejudice is the masterpiece of Jan Austin,an English woman novelist.The novel tell
15、s the love story of Elizabeth Bennet,the squires daughter.This works for the material in the daily life,writing content and artificial methods against the prevailing sentimental novel,vividly reflects the end of eighteenth Century to early nineteenth Century in a conservative and occlusion of the Br
16、itish town life and the ways of the world.It has been adapted into films and TV series.The novel that reflects marital problems is the authors favorite work,as well as one of her most popular works.The whole work,based on the marriage experiences of several daughters of Bennett,takes the emotional e
17、xperience of Elizabeth and Darcy as the main line of the plot,and shows the marital status of the aristocracy in the late eighteenth Century England.To some extent,it also discusses the connotation of marriage,so the book also has certain social significance and practical significance.Mark Schor,a l
18、iterary critic,commented on pride and Prejudice:Pride and Prejudice Jane Austen.Pride and Prejudice M.Beijing:Peoples Daily Press,2016.Wang Shouren.Selected Readings in British Literature M.The fourth edition.Beijing:Higher Education Press,2014.2 and Austens later novels shocked the fools.If her opi
19、nion can be recognized,this society composed of fools will be reborn.2 The Three States of Marriage in Pride and Prejudice Peoples motivation of choosing spouse determines peoples standard of choosing spouse.The motives of spouse selection are different,and the standard of spouse selection is not th
20、e same.When choosing a marriage partner,there is no single motivation.Instead,several motives with different emphasis exist simultaneously.The difference of this focus is reflected by the difference of peoples standard of choosing spouse.In Pride and prejudice,several marriage relationships created
21、by the author are motivated by different motives of choosing a spouse.Therefore,they lead to different marriages.The combination of Sherlock and Collins,for example,is to strengthen the familys economic,political,or social status.In the discussion of the marriage of the works,the author tries to por
22、tray different marriage and love relationship.In addition to the above mentioned Sherlock and Collinss marriage,there are several more important marriages:Lydia and Wickham;Elizabeth and Darcy etc.Although they have entered the siege of marriage,but the degree of marriage is different.This paper dis
23、cusses the relationship between love and marriage in three different marital status.2.1 The marriage between Lydia and Wickham:Ridiculousness In Pride and prejudice,if you want to choose the most absurd and marriage,Lydia and Wickhams marriage undoubtedly is the first choice.It is hard to say that t
24、hey have love.If they have,it can only be called as Lust love which is produced by the blind passion.Jan Austin took a critical attitude to their marriage.Lydias frivolousness,reckless and ignorance didnt change even at the end of the novel and Wickhams cunning,ambition and shallowness also disguste
25、d us.The reason why Wickham chose Lydia did not point out in detail,but money played an important role in their marriage.Eventually Mr.Darcy repaid the debt for Wichham,and gave Lydia one thousand pounds besides her own money,and bought Wickham a rank.All this Pei Feifei,Fu Changle,Huang Xiaolin.Jan
26、e Austens Views on Marriage in Pride and Prejudice J.Advances in Literary Study,2014.Wang Qiuji.Analysis on the Orientation of Marriage Value in the 18th-19th Century of England through Pride and Prejudice J.Science&Technology Vision,2013.Pei Feifei,Fu Changle,Huang Xiaolin.Jane Austens Views on Mar
27、riage in Pride and Prejudice J.Advances in Literary Study,2014.3 efforts maintained the marriage between Wickham and Lydia.It can be seen that money is the link to maintain the marriage between the two people,and love is nothing to these two people.2.2 marriage between Sherlock and Collins:Reality I
28、n Pride and Prejudice,money and love marriages are often inseparable and cannot part from each other.When people talk about marriage in the novel,money is always here.But for the topic of choosing money or marriage,one of the most typical example is the combination between Reverend Collins and Charl
29、otte Lucas.When Collins asked Elizabeth to marry him,he didnt hesitate to turn his marriage to Miss Sherlock.Collins was anxious to get married,not for his own personal needs,but for completing the task of his adoring lady,Aunt Darcy,Collins would finish the task as long as he got married.It doesnt
30、matter who you marry,whether you have feelings for her or not.Collins didnt know how to love and manage marriage.He looked clumsy,funny,lacking in manhood,and conceited.His marriage,to a certain extent,followed the prevailing idea of marriage in the society:the bachelor who has property must marry a
31、 wife,which has become a universally acknowledged truth.It can be said that Charlotte Lucas is a rational woman in Pride and Prejudice.She was the first one to see that Darcy was interested in Elizabeth,and she also expressed her worries about the emotional development between Jane and Bentley.(and
32、the fact is that she is right).However,Sherlock who belonged to the family of Buckeen had little substantial dowries and can not pursue expensive and perfect Price.Being forced to marry Collins is just a practical choice.And in the late eighteenth Century and early nineteenth Century Britain,this is
33、 also a male centered era where the status between men and women was unequal and the social status of women was very low.The law stipulates that women do not have the right to inherit property,and family life is considered to be the most suitable for women.Marriage is the shortcut and the only way f
34、or women to survive,to secure life and to finance guarantee.This led to the result that the marriage is not only the end result of love,but also a means to make a living and it will inevitably appear some ridiculous things.So,even if Sherlock had seen Mr.Collins is not reasonable,lovely and annoying
35、,she still chose him as her husband.Because this kind of marriage is the best choice for Wang Mengxia.A Brief Talk about Views of Marriage in Pride and Prejudice D.Zhejiang:Lishui University,2016.朱虹.奥斯汀研究M.北京：中国文联出版社，1985.4 Italian woman.It can ensure that she will not suffer from hunger,worry about
36、 as his husbands change.As for marital happiness,it must be placed in a secondary position.For Collins,this kind of life makes him satisfied because the purpose of marriage has also been achieved.This kind of marriage maintained by money and wealth is not perfect,but it is also a marriage.2.3 Elizab
37、eth and Darcy:Perfection The marriage between Elizabeth and Darcy is the most successful and ideal marriage in Pride and prejudice,and the combination of the two is really based on love.Elizabeth Bennett ranked second at home,although she did not have simply so beautiful appearance,she has developed
38、 into a beautiful woman with a perfect figure.More valuable thing is that she is not only lively and lovely,but also clever and sensible.Just like the unsoiled white lotus that come out of the dirty mud and have the rich connotation and personality.Elizabeth recognized the custom that people marry a
39、ccording to wealth and social status and his best friends marriage did not base on love.However,she did not lose herself and pursue his love bravely.It was Elizabeths extraordinary speech and noble sentiments that attracted Darcy and made Darcy love her.This also reflects the traditional British con
40、cept of mate choice.Besides the beauty,blood and wealth,the upper class has also been paying attention to character and virtue.Arguably,Elizabeth and Darcy union is a perfect match,a day of marriage established.They should not have too many twists and turns.But the two people have their own weakness
41、es in character:Elizabeth is a middle class girl,a secondary education and a gentlemans daughter.But compared with the noble class,her family status is low and her relatives and friends was not educated.Therefore,they often show all sorts of ugly behaviour in public,which made her ashamed.Such an en
42、vironment laid the basis for her character of prejudice;while Darcys character was introverted.He did not love to talk to strangers.Besides,he came from a wealthy family and has a huge fortune,which inevitably gave people an impression of arrogance.When two people first contact each other,they dont
43、have a good impression of each other.But with the increase in contact,Darcy gradually impressed by the lovely and beauty woman,especially by her clever mind and humor.Though he felt that Elizabeth was not a noble,and marrying Elizabeth reduced the request for himself,against his will.But when he was
44、 rejected by Elizabeth,he understood that love alone was an important link to keep the two marriages long.Later,Darcy gradually realized his shortcomings.He accepted Elizabeths criticism and corrected 毕宇宏.傲慢与偏见中的五桩婚姻J.赤峰学院学报，2010.5 his arrogance and conceit.The fact that Darcy solved Lydia and Wickh
45、ams marriage crisis,also won the respect of Elizabeth,and gradually accepted the confession of Darcy.Then they finally developed a sincere affection,and eventually formed a happy marriage.Money and marriage are inseparable,and the author does not deny it.To ensure a happy and healthy family,the most
46、 necessary foundation is wealth.Austen is critical of the idea that money dominates marriage,but she neither exposed the nature of society as a social critic,nor did she adopt extreme methods of radical artists.Her satire is both spicy and relaxed,witty and profound and flowing.Through the descripti
47、on of several marriages,she reveals the important role of money at that time,and peoples feelings will be controlled by them.The marriage between Lydia and Wickham is not only entirely influenced by money,but also by the combination of the two,which was originally due to the vulgar sensual attractio
48、n.Such marriages not only bring misfortune to themselves,but also cause harm to their families,Jane Austen is most opposed to such a combination.The author did not agree with Sherlock and Collinss marriage because their marriage is full of realistic elements.But through the description,we also reali
49、ze that in the social environment at that time,peoples feelings have to obey the helpless of money(in fact,Isnt the phenomenon the same as todays?).The marriage between Elizabeth and Darcy is undoubtedly the marriage model advocated by Austen.The author gave two people a happy ending,and emphasized
50、the marriage,so many people have changed,such as Mrs.Bennett,who later turned into a show common,courteous and accessible,a woman.Although the marriage created by Austen has some idealism,there is no perfect thing in the world.But she did this to show that a certain economic foundation was the mater