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1、定语从句定语从句 Arttibutive Clause概念概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代在复合句中修饰名词或代词词 的句子的句子.(Attributive clause)Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who has long hair.形容词作定语形容词作定语句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰girl,叫做定语从句叫做定语从句1.The man is a farmer.2.The man is speaking at the meeting.合并句子合并句子:The man who is speaking at the meeting is a fa
2、rmer.Mary is a girl.Mary has long hair.合并为一个句子合并为一个句子Mary is a girl who has long hair.先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatWhere,when 定语从句的用法定语从句的用法:当先行词是物时当先行词是物时,用用which 或或that引导引导.These are the trees which were planted last year.当先行词是人时当先行词
3、是人时,用用who,whom,whose,that引导引导.who,whom,whose,that用法区别用法区别.who 作定语从句的主语或宾语作定语从句的主语或宾语.The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解分解作主语作主语Whom 作定语从句的宾语作定语从句的宾语 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They
4、wanted to visit the woman.分解分解作宾语作宾语whose 作定语从句的定语作定语从句的定语.I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解分解I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定语作定语that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.注意注意:关系代词作动词宾语时可关系代词作动词宾语时可 省略省略.The woman(whom/that)they wanted to visit is a teacher.下列情况只能用下列情况只能用that1.1.当序
5、数词或形容词最高级修饰先当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时。行词时。eg.Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.2.当先行词是指物的当先行词是指物的 little,few,much,any,all,anything,something,nothing,none,the one,everything 等不定代词等不定代词时。时。egeg.Everything we saw in the film was OK.Everything we saw in the film was OK.egeg.All that I can do has b
6、een done.All that I can do has been done.3.3.当先行词被当先行词被all,little,few,much,any,every,noall,little,few,much,any,every,no等修饰等修饰时时 egeg.I have eaten all the food that is left.I have eaten all the food that is left.4.4.当先行词是当先行词是There be There be 句型中的主语且指物时。句型中的主语且指物时。egeg.There is little work that is f
7、it for you.There is little work that is fit for you.没有什么工作适合你做。没有什么工作适合你做。5.当先行词同时包括人或物时。eg.We often talk about the people and the things that we are interested in.我们常常谈论我们感兴趣的人或事。6.当主句是who或which时。eg.Who is the girl that has black long hair?eg.Which is the pen that you bought?7.当先行词作主句的表语时。eg.China
8、is not the country that used to.中国不再是过去那样的国家。eg.Its a sunny day that we are longing for.这就是我们所渴望的晴天。8.当先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last等修饰时。eg.This is the very beautiful girl that Im looking for.这正是我一直在寻找的漂亮女孩.eg.Thats the only thing that I can do now.eg.You are the last person that I meet he
9、re.你是我在这儿遇见的最后一个人。1.I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.2.Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.4.My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.5.The boy with _ John spoke
10、is my brother.which/thatwhom6.Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.which/that7.Is there anything _ you want to buy in the town.8.All _ we can do is to study hard.9.The first one _ stands up is a little boy.thatthatthat1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.This is the doctor who saved the boys l
11、ife.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.The man who is running is my uncle.3.我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.I like the music that I can sing along with.4.住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.The woman who lives next door is a teacher.修饰物体时关系代词修饰物体时关系代词修饰物体时关系代词修饰物体时关系代词thatthat和和和和 whichwhich的区分的区分的区分的区分使用使用thatthat的情况：
12、的情况：1 1、当先行词是、当先行词是、当先行词是、当先行词是nothing,something,anything,nothing,something,anything,all,eachall,each等不定代词时。等不定代词时。等不定代词时。等不定代词时。egeg.Do you have anything that is important to.Do you have anything that is important to tell me?tell me?2 2、当先行词被当先行词被当先行词被当先行词被all,any,some,no,not,every,all,any,some,no,
13、not,every,eacheach等修饰时。等修饰时。等修饰时。等修饰时。egeg.I have some books that are very good.I have some books that are very good.3 3、当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。egeg.This is the first book that I bought myself.This is the first book that I bought myself.The bi
14、ggest bird that I caught is this bird.The biggest bird that I caught is this bird.4 4、当先行词被、当先行词被、当先行词被、当先行词被the very,the last,the next,the the very,the last,the next,the only only 等词修饰时。等词修饰时。等词修饰时。等词修饰时。egeg.This is the very book that I lost yesterday.This is the very book that I lost yesterday.5
15、5、当先行词又有人又有物时当先行词又有人又有物时当先行词又有人又有物时当先行词又有人又有物时。egeg.I wont forget the things and the persons.I wont forget the things and the persons that I saw.that I saw.只能使用只能使用只能使用只能使用whichwhich的情况。的情况。的情况。的情况。1 1、非限制性定语从句中、非限制性定语从句中、非限制性定语从句中、非限制性定语从句中。egeg.Mary has a book,which is very precious.Mary has a boo
16、k,which is very precious.2 2、在介词之后在介词之后在介词之后在介词之后。egeg.This is a house in which lives an old man.This is a house in which lives an old man.3 3、当主句中的主语被当主句中的主语被当主句中的主语被当主句中的主语被thatthat修饰时修饰时修饰时修饰时。egeg.That dog which I found in the street belongs.That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary.t
17、o Mary.关系代词关系代词关系代词关系代词whosewhose既能修饰人，也能修饰物，在定语既能修饰人，也能修饰物，在定语既能修饰人，也能修饰物，在定语既能修饰人，也能修饰物，在定语从句中充当定语，修饰先行词从句中充当定语，修饰先行词从句中充当定语，修饰先行词从句中充当定语，修饰先行词。egeg.She is the girl whose English sounds very.She is the girl whose English sounds very beautiful.beautiful.Mary has a very good dog,whose hair turns Mar
18、y has a very good dog,whose hair turns out white and black.out white and black.关系副词关系副词关系副词关系副词when,where,whywhen,where,why的用法以及与关系代的用法以及与关系代的用法以及与关系代的用法以及与关系代词的区分。词的区分。词的区分。词的区分。关系副词在定语从句当中只能充当状语，当一个句关系副词在定语从句当中只能充当状语，当一个句关系副词在定语从句当中只能充当状语，当一个句关系副词在定语从句当中只能充当状语，当一个句子能够完整地表达一个意思时，我们就可以给这个子能够完整地表达一个意
19、思时，我们就可以给这个子能够完整地表达一个意思时，我们就可以给这个子能够完整地表达一个意思时，我们就可以给这个句子加上特定的关系副词句子加上特定的关系副词句子加上特定的关系副词句子加上特定的关系副词。egeg.I wont forget the time when I got married.I wont forget the time when I got married.Have you still remember the days when we stayed Have you still remember the days when we stayed together?togeth
20、er?This is the place where we had a good time.This is the place where we had a good time.Is this the house where Is this the house where MrMr Smith lives?Smith lives?I dont know the reason why he wont join us.I dont know the reason why he wont join us.Do you know the reason why he didnt come to Do y
21、ou know the reason why he didnt come to sweep the classroom?sweep the classroom?关系副词关系副词关系副词关系副词when,where,why when,where,why 和介词和介词和介词和介词+which+which之间之间之间之间的关系。关系副词的关系。关系副词的关系。关系副词的关系。关系副词when,where,whywhen,where,why可以用适当可以用适当可以用适当可以用适当的介词的介词的介词的介词+which+which来替代。如：来替代。如：来替代。如：来替代。如：when=in/on/at+
22、which,when=in/on/at+which,where=in/on/at+which,why=for+whichwhere=in/on/at+which,why=for+which介介介介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。放在动词之后。放在动词之后。放在动词之后。egeg.1.I wont forget the date when(on.1.I wont forget the date when(on which)I was bor
23、n.which)I was born.2.This is the room where(in which)I lived.2.This is the room where(in which)I lived.=This is the room which I lived in.=This is the room which I lived in.3.I dont know the reason why(for which)3.I dont know the reason why(for which)he havent come today.he havent come today.4.Tom still remembers the days when(in 4.Tom still remembers the days when(in which)they lived in Tianjin.which)they lived in Tianjin.