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1、阅读理解课件第1页，本讲稿共30页英语水平是一种能力。英语水平的提高在于听说读写四种语言技能全面的发展。它们相辅相成，相互促进，但一般说来，阅读能力显得尤其重要，它已经成为检验我们学生英语水平和能力高低的重要手段。1。如果不通过阅读掌握一定量的词汇和语法知识，就很难提高听的能力。2。如果不通过阅读掌握足够的语法结构、词汇和语言背景知识，提高口语表达能力也就成了空谈。3。阅读对我们学生写作能力的影响更是十分明显。因为，从各类题材和体裁的阅读材料中获得的语言知识和生活知识是写作的源泉。第2页，本讲稿共30页阅读测试题型 1。判断正误题 True or False 2。选择题 Choose the
2、best answer 3。根据短文内容书面回答问题 Questions第3页，本讲稿共30页阅读理解三步曲阅读理解三步曲1。通读全文、把握整体通读全文、把握整体。如遇到不认识的单词 或难懂的句子，只要对全文理解影响不大，可跳过再说，待全文阅读完毕，再根据全文的 意思以及前后句子之间的时间、因果、逻辑 关系等推测它的意思。2。抓住中心、注意开头和结尾抓住中心、注意开头和结尾。（包括每个段落 的开头和结尾句，它们都是表达短文意思的 关键。）3。注意方式、准确理解注意方式、准确理解。浏览正误题、选择题 -带着问题阅读-确定答案。对短文所提供 的线索或暗示，则要进行分析、归纳和推理。第4页，本讲稿共
3、30页1。中心归纳题。中心归纳题对大多数短文（段落）的主题(subject)，中心思想(main idea)，标题(title)，或作者的写作目的(purpose)，拟题者大概有以下提问方式：1.The subject of the paragraph(passage)is _.2.The main idea of the paragraph is _.3.From the passage we know that _.4.Which of the following is the best title for the paragraph(passage)?5.What is the auth
4、ors main purpose?6.The main purpose of this story is to tell us_.7.The conclusion we can get from the story is_.第5页，本讲稿共30页 You speak,write a letter,make a telephone call.Your words carry a message.People communicate with words.But do you think you can communicate without words?A smile on your face
5、shows you are happy and friendly.Tears in your eyes tell others that you are sad.When you raise your hand in class,the teacher knows you want to say something or ask questions.You shake your head,and people know you are saying“No.”You nod,and people know you are saying“Yes”.Others can also carry mes
6、sages,for example,a sign at the bus stop helps you to know which bus to take,a sign on the door tells you where togo in or out.Have you ever noticed that there are a lot of signs around you and that you receive messages from them all the time?第6页，本讲稿共30页 People can communicate in many other ways.An
7、artist can use his drawing to tell about beautiful mountains,about the blue sea and many other things.Books are written to tell about all the wonderful thingsin the world and also about people and their ideas.Books,magazines,TV,radio and films all help uscommunicate with others.They all help us to k
8、now what is going on in the world and what other peopleare thinking about.第7页，本讲稿共30页Choices:1.The main idea of this passage is that people communicate _.A.with words only B.in many different waysC.in letters and with drawingsD.with smiles,tears and hands2.The best title for this passage is _.A.Sign
9、s Carry MessagesB.The Importance of CommunicationC.Words,Signs and DrawingsD.Ways of Communication第8页，本讲稿共30页2。单词、短语、句子理解题 这种题型主要测试学生能否通过上下文正确理解某个单词、短语或句子的意思。在确定词汇与语句的内涵时，我们可循下列线索：1）近意线索，即借助上下文判别与确定语意最 接近的词汇或句型。2）环境线索，即根据语意的递进、转折、对比等 特定语境确定应选的词汇或句型。3）对比线索，即借过度词根据前后两句的意思 反差，确定有关词汇或句型。4）思维线索，即根据语段之间的逻
10、辑关系确定 有关词汇或句型。第9页，本讲稿共30页其提问方式有：1.The word/phrase“”(in Line,Paragraph)in this context means_.2.The author uses the word/phrase“.”to mean_.3.The sentence“”means_.4.What does the word/phrase/sentence mean?第10页，本讲稿共30页 The United States has long been known as a melting pot because so many people from a
11、ll over the world make up its population.The first immigrants in American history came from England and the Netherlands.Immigrants from many other countries then began arriving and are still coming.The greatestnumbers came in the years 1800 to 1914.Between1820 and 1973,the United States admitted ove
12、r 46million immigrants.Most came from Europe,but many also came from Latin America,Asia,Australiaand Canada.melting pot 人种混杂的国家；熔炉第11页，本讲稿共30页Choices:1.The word“immigrants”in the third line means_.A.Indians B.foreigners C.people coming into a country from abroad to make their home there D.people goi
13、ng out of their motherland2.The expression“make up”in the third line means _.A.understand with difficulty B.form C.become friends again D.collect together第12页，本讲稿共30页 A yellow room makes us feel more cheerful and comfortable than a dark green one,and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddes
14、t winter day.On the other hand,black is depressing.Light and bright colors make people not only happier butmore active.It is a fact that factory workers work better,harder,and have fewer accidents when theirmachines are painted orange than when they are painted black or dark gray.1.“Im feeling black
15、”means_.A.Im depressed.B.Im excited.C.Im very happy.D.Im feeling well.第13页，本讲稿共30页3.计算题 A meteorite almost hit an 80-year-old mannamed Arthur Pettiffer in Britain when he was working in his garden.The meteorite was the biggest in the past 26 years in Britain.The meteorite weighed one kilo,and might
16、be over four thousand million years old.“I hear the big noise in the air.I looked up and I saw the tops of the trees coming and going,”he said,“I did not know what it was.”Meteorites are small things from the small planets in space.About 3,50meteorites may fall on the earth第14页，本讲稿共30页every year,but
17、 only very few are found.Mr.Pettiffersmeteorite is the fifth to fall in Britain since the Second World War.Mr.Pettiffer is glad.“When you think about it coming so far away,it really is something strange.”这种题型测试学生能否根据文章中的有关信息进行计算，从而检验学生对文章的真正理解。注意：英文数字的写法。True or False:()The meteorite was already 40,
18、000,000,000 years old.第15页，本讲稿共30页4.Details 细节理解题1)Which of the following statements is true(false),according to the paragraph(passage)?2)In the passage,which of the following is mentioned(not mentioned)?3)All the following statements are NOT true(false)except_.4)Choose the right order of the events
19、 given in the passage.第16页，本讲稿共30页 Washing D.C.is the capital city of the U.S.A.The Americanleaders meet and work in the capital.That is where they make laws.That is where they run their countrys business.But Washing D.C.is not the largest city of the U.S.A.The main building where the American leade
20、rs meet also has a name.It is called the Capitol.The word for the building sounds like the word for the city.But it is spelled differently.Look at both words.How are their differences?The Capitol is a very important building in Washing.The early American leaders wanted people to see it easily.So the
21、y made a law.It says that no building in Washing can behigher than the Capitol.That is why Washing has no tall buildings.第17页，本讲稿共30页1.Which of the following is correct?A.Washing D.C.is the capital of the U.S.A.B.Washing D.C.is the capital of the U.K.C.Washing is the capital city of the U.S.A.D.Wash
22、ing was the capital city of the U.S.A.2.In this passage,which of the following is NOT mentioned?A.The Capitol is a very important building in Washing.B.The Capitol is the tallest building in Washing.C.The Capitol can be seen easily.D.The Capitol is also the oldest building in Washing.第18页，本讲稿共30页5.T
23、itles 标题选择Venice is a large city in Italy.It is not like other cities because it is built on many small islands.Between the islands,bridges go over 170 canals or waterways.There are no wide streets or automobiles in the city.People can walk down narrow lanes,or they can take boats.Mail for Venice co
24、mes by train or track to the edge of the city.Then the boat takes the mail to the post office.In the post office,it is sorted for the six main parts of the city.Then it is given to nearly 100 postmen to deliver.Each postman takes a boat called“water bus”to the part of the city where he works.There,h
25、e walks from house to house.The postman calls out the names of people.The people live onthe second and third floors of a house.These people have 第19页，本讲稿共30页baskets on long strings.They lower the strings to the postman.He puts their mail in the basket,and the people pull the basket back up.Then the
26、postman walks on his way.The best title for this passage would be_.A.Taking a Boat in VeniceB.How to Walk in VeniceC.Delivering Mail in VeniceD.Venice,a City Built on Many Islands把握中心，看清段首和段尾，有时主题句在中间。第20页，本讲稿共30页初中英语阅读训练初中英语阅读训练 辅导讲座（二）辅导讲座（二）根据短文内容书面回答问题 行知二中行知二中 姚春妹姚春妹 2005.2第21页，本讲稿共30页1。用英语书面回答
27、问题是一个综合性题型。难度较高，需要学生各方面的能力。2。理解全文，注意人物和事件，及事件发生 的时间、地点等。3。注意词汇、结构的正确运用，意思表达的 简单明了。时刻注意单词的大、小写，单 复数和动词的单复数、时态、语态等。第22页，本讲稿共30页学生考虑：1。怎样才算是完整的句子；2。词与词之间是怎样联系的；3。句子的整体意义是否合理。第23页，本讲稿共30页 A pretty,well-dressed young lady stopped a taxi in a big square,and said to the driver,“Do you see that young man at
28、 the other side of the square?”“Yes,”said the taxi-driver.The young man was standing outside a restaurant and lookingimpatiently at his watch every few seconds.“Take me over there,”said the young lady.There were a lot of cars and buses and trucks in the square,So the taxi-driver asked,“Are you afrai
29、d to cross the street?”“Oh,no,”said the young lady.“But I said that I would meet that young man for lunch at one oclock,and it is now a quarter to two.If I arrive in a taxi,it will at least seem as if I have triednot to be late.”第24页，本讲稿共30页Complete the answer to each question（根据短文内容回答下列问题，不超过五个单词）1
30、.How did the young woman get to the square?The story _.2.Why did she want to take a taxi?Because she wanted to be seen getting out of the _.3.Who at the other side of the square was probably waiting for a long time?_.4.The young lady was 45 minutes late,wasnt she?_.5.Did she try not to be so late?No
31、,_.She was just going to pretend that she had tried.didnt tell us about ittaxiA young manYes,she wasShe didnt第25页，本讲稿共30页 Bill Jenkins worked in a big office in the city,and generallyhe used to go to the barbers during working hours to have his hair cut,although this was against the rules,clerks had
32、 to have their hair cut in their own time.While Bill was at the barbers one day,the manager of theoffice came in by chance to have his own hair cut.Bill saw him and tried to hide his face,but the manager came and satbeside him,so he soon recognized him.“Hello,Jenkins,”the manager said,“I see that yo
33、u are having your hair cut in office time.”“Yes,sir,I am,”admitted Bill calmly.“You see,sir,it grows in office time.”“Not all of it,”said the manager of the office at once.“Someof it grows in your own time.”“Yes,sir,thats quite true,”answered Bill politely,“but Im not having it all cut off.”第26页，本讲稿
34、共30页1.What were the office rules about going to the barbers?Clerks had to go there_.2.Why did Bill try to hide his face while he was having his hair cut?Because he didnt want his manager_.3.What was Bills excuse for breaking the office rule?His hair_.4.How did the manager argue against this excuse?H
35、e said that not all of it grew in office time.Some of it grew _.5.How did Bill answer that?He said that he wasnt _.in their own timeto recognize himgrew in office timein Bills/the clerks own timehaving it all cut off第27页，本讲稿共30页Once Napoleon stayed in a small inn.The next morning he went to thank th
36、e inn-keeper for the good service.“You have served me quite well,inn-keeper,”said Napoleon,“Id like to reward you.Tell me what you want.”“Sir,we want nothing,”said the inn-keeper,“but will you tellus something?”“We have heard a story,”said the inn-keeper,“Once during the war,the Russian soldiers too
37、k control of a farmhouse.However,you were sleeping in it accidentally.You hid yourself in a pile of hay while they were searching for you everywhere.Will you tell us how you felt when theywere searching for you?”The inn-keeper looked at Napoleons face.Napoleon didnt seem very happy.Napoleoncalled tw
38、o soldiers standing close to him and pointed to the door.The soldiers took the inn-keeper and his wife into the yard.At the end of the yard was a wall.The inn-keeper and第28页，本讲稿共30页his wife were led to the wall.The soldiers tied the inn-keepers hand tightly behind his back.Then his wifes hands were
39、tied up as well.Napoleon gazed at them and keptsilence.“Please,please,sir,”begged the inn-keeper,“dont kill us!We meant nothing!”The soldiers moved back.Theinn-keeper saw them raising their guns.“Ready!”then Napoleon announced,“aim!”The inn-keepers wife began screaming.“Stop!”said Napoleon.He steppe
40、d towards the inn-keeper.“Now,”he said,“you know the answer to the question youasked me just now,dont you?”第29页，本讲稿共30页1.Why did Napoleon go to thank the inn-keeper?Because the inn-keeper _.2.What was Napoleon doing when the Russian soldierstook control of a farmhouse?Napoleon_.3.Napoleon wasnt happ
41、y when he heard the question,was he?_.4.What did the inn-keeper ask Napoleon not to do?The inn-keeper asked Napoleon _.5.What happened to the inn-keepers hands?The inn-keepers hands_.6.How did the inn-keeper and his wife feel when the soldiers aimed at them?They _.served him wellwas sleeping in the farmhouseNo,he wasntnot to kill themwere tied behind his backfelt/were frightened第30页，本讲稿共30页