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1、名师整理，助你成功 Unit Two Poems Introduction:This unit introduces the students to several simple forms of poems.It takes a look at some poetic devices like rhythm,rhyme,repetition,sound patterns and imagery.It includes poem forms that English speakers have adopted from other countries.The poem forms in thi
2、s unit include ones that students can use as models to create their own poems.The styles of English poems:1.Narrative poems:Epic 史诗,Dramatic poems 戏剧诗,Metrical tale 故事诗,Ballad民谣;2.Didactic poems 说理诗；3.Clerihews 打油诗;4.Parody 模仿诗;5.Lyric 抒情诗 英语打油诗歌的规则:1.一首诗包含四句 2.第一句和第二句押韵,第三局和第四句押韵 3.第一句如以人名结尾,第二句以和人
3、名押韵的词结尾.Nursery rhymes(摇篮诗):They are the first poems that children will hear.They are often sung.Children love to move and dance to nursery rhymes and songs because they have strong regular rhythms.They enjoy the rhymes and the way the nursery rhyme plays with sounds.List poems:A list poem is a list
4、 of things.It can have as many lines as the writer likes.Sometimes they have repetition in them and sometimes they have words that rhyme.When a list poem has rhyming words,it also has a regular rhythm.Cinquain poems:A Cinquain is made up of five lines and has the following structure.Line one:a noun
5、that names the subject of the poem.Line two:two adjectives that describe the subject.Line three:three verbs ending with ing that describe the subjects actions.Line four:four words that give the writers opinion or feelings about the subject.Line five:a word that gives another name for the subject.Hai
6、ku poems:The haiku is a centuries-old form of Japanese poetry.It is made up 17 syllables and has the following structure:line one:5 syllables;line two:7 syllables;line three:5 syllables.A haiku poem is almost like a photo or painting as it creates a strong imagine in very few words.It is often an ob
7、servation of nature or of the changing season.It is a good idea to collect observations of nature for haiku.For example,leaves blowing in the wind,bees buzzing around flowers,ducks swimming in a pond,snow piling up against a door.Tang poems:when translated into English,Tang poems have a free form(th
8、at is,without a regular rhythm)and do not rhyme.They have strong imagery and are often about the bringing together of opposites,for example,the small is contrasted with the large,and the temporary with the eternal.Songs:Poems are often put into music or are written to be sung.When a poem is to be su
9、ng,it is written with a strong rhythm,use rhyme,in simple language,and the theme is often an emotion,such as,love,anger or despair.Adverb poem:in this form of poem the students pick an adverb to start each line.The lines are in rhyming pairs,such as:Slowly the dog crosses the road.Slowly the old man
10、 carries his load.Important new words and expressions in this unit:transform,exchange,sponsor,concrete,flexible,appropriate,eventually,tick,convey,tease,rhyme(押韵),nursery,名师整理，助你成功 diamond,pattern,cottage,sparrow,minimum,translation,branch,sorrow,librarians,section,diploma,blank,compass,bride,brideg
11、room,championship,darkness,warmth,scholarship,pianist,violinist,load,contradictory,endless,salty,forever,take it easy,run out of,be made up of,try out,let out,in particular,be popular with,translate.into.,stay up,be likely to do sth.look forward to,by chance,by accident Sentence patterns:List poems
12、have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem.(the attributive clause)We would have won if Jack had scored that goal.(the subjunctive mood)Another simple form of poem that students can easily write is the Cinquain,a poem made up of five lines.(pa
13、st participle as the attributive)When I was a baby,my mother used to read me nursery rhymes.(used to do sth.)With so many difficult forms of poetry to choose from,students may eventually want to write poems of their own.(with+object+objective complement)Function:intention and plans Im(not)going to.H
14、ow are you going to.?I plan to.Ill.Im looking forward to Grammar:the Subjunctive mood(2)If Rob hadnt injured himself,we would have won.If she had studied harder,she would have got the diploma.Teaching important and difficult points of this unit:1.Get students t know about different types of poems,so
15、me poetic devices like rhythm,rhyme,repetition,sound patterns and imagery.2.Have students learn some useful new words and expressions about poetry and let them learn effective ways to master them.3.To enable students to grasp and use the expressions of intention and plans.4.To let students learn the
16、 new grammar item:the Subjunctive Mood(2).5.To develop students listening,speaking,reading and writing ability.6.To develop students integrative skills.The first period:Warming up,Pre-reading,Reading and Comprehending Knowledge and skills:1.To know the meanings of the following new words and express
17、ions:tick(给.标记号),rhyme(韵,押韵),convey(传送,运送),nursery(托儿所),concrete(具体的),contradictory(引起矛盾的,好反驳的),diamond(钻石,菱形),flexible(灵活的,易弯曲的),pattern(模式,式样,图案),cottage,sparrow,take it easy,run out of,be made up of,tease(取笑,戏弄),salty,endless,minimum(最低限度,最少量),translation,branch,in particular(尤其,特别).2.To learn ab
18、out some simple form of English poems.3.To develop the students reading ability by skimming and scanning the passage.4.To develop the students speaking ability by talking about some features of some simple poems.名师整理，助你成功 Teaching important and difficult points:1.To enable the students to learn abou
19、t some simple forms of English poetry and develop their reading ability.2.To enable the students to write their own poems.Step 1 Warming up 1.Vocabulary in Reading Match the words and phrases with their proper meanings 1)convey A sameness of sound between words and syllables,esp,in the end of lines
20、2)cottage B a strong feeling such as love,fear or anger 3)tease C make fun of someone in an unlucky way 4)rhyme D a place where young children are cared for 5)translate E make(ideas,feelings etc.)known to another person 6)endless F use up 7)nursery G small simple house,esp.in the country 8)emotion H
21、 relax 9)take it easy I express sth.in different language 10)run out of J without end (Suggested answers:EGCAIJ DBHF)2.Warming up by asking students to complete Exercise 1 and 2 in groups.Get them to recite the little poems and songs they can remember.3.Tell students that there are many reasons why
22、people write poetry.Give the examples in Exercise 3.ask students the reasons they think the poets wrote poems they have just recited.Step 2 Pre-reading 1.Match the following information.Du Fu Tang Dynasty Fan Zhongyan Song Dynasty Meng Haorang Modern Guo Moruo Modern Xu Zhimo Tang Dynasty Byron Amer
23、ica Shelly England Whitman England Tagore India 2.Ask students to do Exercise 1 and 2,making them talk about what they feel about the poems.Step 3 Reading and comprehending 1.Fast-reading:Read the reading passage quickly to answer the questions.1)What is the main idea of the reading passage?_.2)How
24、many kinds of poems does the reading passage talk about and what are they?_.名师整理，助你成功 3)The reading passage discusses five kinds of poems.What are they?_.2.Detailed-reading:Read the text carefully to answer the questions in the students books.(Exercise 2)Poems Forms Characteristics Nursery rhymes(童谣
25、)A common type of childrens poetry The language is concrete(具体点)but imaginative.They have strong rhythm and a lot of repetition and even seem contradictory(矛盾的),but they are easy to learn and recite.List poems One of the simplest kinds of poems They have a flexible line length and repeated phrases T
26、hey are easily written Cinquain Another simple form of poem It is made up of five lines Student can convey(表达)a strong picture in just a few words Haiku(俳句)A Japanese form of poem It is made up of 17 syllables(音节)It is easy to write and can give a clear picture and create a special feeling using the
27、 minimum of words Tang poems A Chinese form of poetry A lot of Tang poetry has been translated into English 俳句:日本的一种短诗,以17 个音为一首,首句五个音节,中句 7 个音,末句5 个音.Step 4 Language study Deal with language problems if any(words and sentences might not understand)to help the students to have a better understanding
28、 of the text.Step 5 Listening,reading aloud and underlining Ask students to read the passage aloud to the tape and let them pay attention to the pronunciation of each word and the pause within each sentence.Tell them to pick out all the useful expressions from the passage while reading and copy them
29、 in the notebooks after class.Step 6 Structure analyzing The text structure:This passage is an introduction of some of the simple forms English poems.The first paragraph introduces the topic and the theme of the text,explaining the purpose of the poetry writing,that is,to give readers a strong impre
30、ssion or to convey certain emotions.From the second paragraph,the text analyses the different kinds of poems and gives examples for reference.The last paragraph encourages students to have a try and write poems of their own.Step 7 Retelling Ask students to talk about the different kinds of poems in
31、their own words.Give them 名师整理，助你成功 some key words and expressions to help.Step 8 Homework 1.Learn the useful new words and expressions by heart.2.Try to find some selections of poems and appreciate their beauty and eventually try to write some poems of their own.Reflection after teaching:The second
32、 period:Language points Knowledge and skills:1.To get the students to learn to use the following important new words and expressions:transform,exchange,sponsor,concrete,flexible,appropriate,eventually,tick,convey,tease,rhyme,nursery,diamond,pattern,cottage,sparrow,minimum,translation,branch,sorrow,l
33、ibrarians,section,diploma,blank,compass,bride,bridegroom,championship,darkness,warmth,scholarship,pianist,violinist,load,contradictory,endless,salty,forever,take it easy,run out of,be made up of,try out,let out,in particular,be popular with,translate.into.,stay up,be likely to do sth.look forward to
34、,by chance,by accident 2.To get the students to understand and use the following important and useful sentence patterns:Some poems tell a story or describe something in a way that will give the reader a strong impression.Some rhyme(like B)while others do not(like C).Another simple form of poem that
35、students can easily write is the Cinquain,a poem made up of five lines.Teaching important and difficult points:1.Important new words and expressions above.2.Important and useful sentence patterns:The attributive clause with the antecedent“way”Compound sentences with“while”Past participles as the pos
36、tpositive attributive.3.Some difficult and long sentences in the text.Step 1 Revision Check the homework exercises.Ask some students to tell about some simple forms of English poems.Step 2 Reading and finding Read the text thoroughly to pick out all the useful new words and expressions and copy them
37、 down in the notebooks.Step 3 Practice for useful words and expressions 名师整理，助你成功 Do the exercises on Page 12.Step 4 Vocabulary study 1.poet 诗人/poetry(总称)诗歌,韵文/poem s 诗歌 As a piece of _,it seems to be a selection of the renaissance.He is both a soldier and a _.I decided to write a _ about what I fel
38、t.2.concrete:具体的,混凝土 Shoes and trees are concrete objects.Have you got any concrete proposal?3.pattern:方式,模式,图案 She wore a dress with a pattern of roses on it.The illness is not following its usual He patterned himself upon a man he admired.4.tease:取笑,招惹,戏弄,爱开玩笑的人 At school the other children always
39、 teased me because I was fat.They teased her about her laziness.Stop teasing the poor cat!He is a terrible tease.他特别爱戏弄人.5.rhyme:韵,押韵,韵文 The nursery rhyme is very familiar to me.The last two lines of this poem doesnt rhyme properly.6.endless:无止境的,无休止的 The endless lea will purify your thought.一望无际的草原
40、会净化你的思想.I am tired of your endless interruption.Visitors to the exhibition came in an endless stream.参观展览会的人络绎不绝.7.take it easy:不着急,放松警惕 We would have won if we hadnt taken it easy.Just take it easy and tell me exactly what happened.There is no hurry,take your time.8.in particular:尤其,特别 He studied i
41、n particular the fishes of the India Ocean.I noticed his eyes in particular,because they were such an unusual colour.The engineer in particular must be able to communicate his ideas to others rapidly and accurately.9.convey:表达,传达;convey sth.to sb.;convey sth.fromto.He was sent to convey a message to
42、 the UN Secretary General.I want to convey to children that reading is important.Wires convey electricity from power to the users.Please convey my best wishes to your parents.10.flexible:灵活的,易弯曲的,柔韧的,可变通的 We need a foreign policy that is more flexible.A piece of rubber hose(管道)is flexible.名师整理，助你成功
43、Flexible tubing can assist in installation in tight space.柔性管道便于在紧凑的空间安装.11.eventually:at last,finally She eventually married the most persistent one of her admirers.她终于嫁给了最执着追求她的人.He struggled with his assailants(攻击者)and eventually drove them off.He worked so hard that eventually he made himself il
44、l.12.transform:改变 transforminto;transformation 变革,改变 Never looking back,transformed into stone.化为石,不回头.A fresh coat of paint can transform a room.房间重新粉刷一遍可大为改观.The way in which we work has undergone a complete transformation in the past decade.在过去的十年里,我们的工作方式经历了彻底的改变.A steam-engine transforms heat i
45、nto energy.13.forever:Many Pharaohs in ancient Egypt believe they can live forever.古埃及的许多法老相信他们可以永生.May the friendship between the people of our two countries last forever.祝两国人民友谊万古长青.The national heroes will live forever in our hearts.14 run out of:用光,耗尽 What if/say you were to run out of money?Wha
46、t would you do?His money soon ran out.15.be made up of;make up;make up for;16.so.that 17.convey:传达,传送 convey ones feeling;convey news/information to sb.Words cannot convey how delighted I was.Body language conveys much more information than language spoken.Please convey to her my best regards.18.cer
47、tain:某个,某种 For certain reason I will be unable to attend the meeting.On thing is certain;I am not coming here again.It is certain that.Its sure that.This letter made me certain of his innocence.He is confident of victory.19.however:然而,不过 We thought the figures were correct.However,we have now discov
48、ered some errors.However I approached the problem,I couldnt find a solution.He likes pop music,while his sister likes classical music.Hes hard-working but not very intelligent.Shes a funny girl,(and/but)yet you cant help liking her.名师整理，助你成功 He can be very rude but at the same time you cant help lik
49、ing mon:普通的,常见的,共同的,共有的;usual:通常的,一贯的,习惯性的;regular:通常的,常例的,强调遵循实物既定规律或自然规律;ordinary:普通的,平凡的,指没有什么特殊的地方;Rabbits and foxes are very common in Britain.He was asked the usual questions by the police.Sunday is a regular holiday.The book describes the way of life of the ordinary people of Mexico.21.deligh
50、t:be delighted with 对.感到高兴 be delighted to do sth.乐于做某事;delight in doing sth.以取乐;take delight in 嗜好,乐于,喜欢 to ones delight 令某人高兴的是 with delight 高兴地,欣然 22.say a word 说话;have words with sb 与某人吵架;in a word 总之;word by word逐字地;in other words 换句话说;have a word with sb.与某人说话;keep/break ones word 遵守诺言;This is