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1、 第 1 页 共 5 页 【专题五】动词和动词短语 【考情分析】动词及短语动词在高考中的考查重点:1.系动词的比较;2.动词和短语动词的习惯用法和意义辨析(高考的重中之重)。【思想方法】通过研读历年考例,积累动词短语的用法。考点例析:2011 全国卷,34William found it increasingly difficult to read,for his eyesight was beginning to .A.disappear B.fall C.fail D.damage答案C 考点考查动词的辨析。解析 disappear 消失,不复存在;fall降落,跌倒,降低;fail(指健
2、康)衰退,衰弱;damage损害,毁坏,加害于。句意为“William 发现阅读越来越困难了,因为他的视力开始衰退了。”“increasingly difficult越来越困难”是个渐进的过程,故选 C。2011 全国卷 II,10Mary,I_John of his promise to help you.A.told B.reminded C.warned D.advised 答案B 考点考查动词的辨析。解析句意为“玛丽,我已经提醒约翰注意他帮助你的承诺了。”remind of 就提醒(某人),使(某人)想起;warn 含有警告的意思。2011 天津卷,6I a bank account
3、after I made1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.A.borrowed B.opened C.entered D.ordered 答案B 考点考查动词的辨析。解析句意为“暑假兼职打工挣了 1000 美元后,我在银行开了帐户。”open a bank account在银行开帐户。2011 江苏卷,28Are you still mad at her?Not really,but I cant _ that her remarks hurt me.Adeny Brefuse Creject Ddecline
4、答案A 考点考查动词的辨析。第 2 页 共 5 页 解析句意为“你还生她的气吗?不见得,但是我不否认她的话伤害了我。”deny否认,否定;refuse,reject,decline 都是拒绝的意思。not deny 无法否认。故选 A。2011 福建卷,28Id prefer to my judgement until I find all the evidence.A.show B.express C.pass D.reserve 答案D 考点考查动词的辨析。解析 句意为“我宁愿保留我的判断直到我发现所有的证据。”reserve预订或保留(座位、住处等),推迟,留到以后,与后面的until
5、相一致。2011 安徽卷,21As the story_,the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.A.begins B.happens C.ends D.develops 答案D 考点考查动词的辨析。解析句意为“随着故事的展开,这个神秘数字的真相渐渐地被解开了。”develop开发,发展,把(主题或情节)逐步展现出来。根据句意选 D。2011 湖北卷,26Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful,but they may also_ o
6、ur thinking.A.direct B.limit C.change D.improve 答案B 考点考查动词的辨析。解析句意为“如果我们想要获得成功,知识和学习很重要。但是它们或许会限制我们的思维。”direct指示,指引,导演(戏剧或电影);指挥(管弦乐队);limit 限制;change 改变;improve 改进,改善。根据句中 but 的转折,选 B。2011 湖北卷,27The minister said.“We are ready for discussions with any legal parties,but well never_ with criminals.”A
7、.negotiate B.quarrel C.argue D.consult 答案A 考点考查动词的辨析。解析negotiate 谈判;quarrel 吵架,争吵;argue 辩论,争辩;consult 商议,咨询。句意为“部长说:我们愿意与任何合法党派进行讨论,但我们决不与犯罪分子谈判。”根据句意选A。2011 湖北卷,28Clinical evidence began to_,suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiment
8、s in animals.A.operate B.strenghten C.approve D.accumulate 答案D 考点考查动词的辨析。解析句意为“不断增加的临床证据表明:比起原先从动物实验中所得到的预计,这些新药具有更加广泛有用性。”operate 手术,操作;strenghten 加强;approve 赞成;accumulate积累,(数量)逐渐增加。故选 D。2011 辽宁卷,22What are you doing out of bed,Tom?Youre to be asleep.,A.supposed B.known C.thought D.considered 答案A
9、考点考查动词的辨析。解析 句意为“Tom,你不睡觉做什么?你现在应该睡觉。”out of bed 未上床,起床的意思,be supposed to do 应当,应该。第 3 页 共 5 页 2011 辽宁卷,24You are old enough to your own living.A.win B.gain C.take D.earn 答案D 考点考查动词的辨析。解析句意为“你长大了,可以自谋生路了。”earn ones living 谋生,固定搭配。2011 全国卷,26I can the house being untidy,but I hate it if its not clean
10、.A.come up with B.put up with C.turn to D.stick to 答案B 考点考查短语动词的辨析。解析句意为“房子里东西凌乱我能忍,但是脏我讨厌。”come up with想出,提出;put up with 忍受,容忍;turn to转向,翻书到,求助于,(使)变成;stick to坚持,紧跟,粘住,忠于。不整洁的;凌乱的 2011 天津卷,8She an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.A.turned down B.dealt with
11、 C.took after D.came across 答案D 考点考查短语动词的辨析。解析句意为“昨天在百货商店购物时,她遇上了她的老朋友。”turn down 拒绝;deal with对付,处理;take after 长得像,性格类似于,效仿;come across穿过,越过,偶然遇见。2011 山东卷,25They are broadening the bridge to _ the flow of traffic.A.put off B.speed up C.turn on D.work out 答案B 考点考查短语动词的辨析。解析句意为“他们正在拓宽桥梁以加快交通流量。”put of
12、f 推迟;speed up 加快;turn on打开(水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等),(使)感兴趣;(使)兴奋;work out 算出,实现。拓宽桥梁的目的是加快交通流量,故选 B。2011 江苏卷,30You look upset.Whats the matter?I had my proposal _ again.Aturned over Bturned on Cturned off Dturned down 答案D 考点考查短语动词的辨析。解析句意为“你看上去不高兴,怎么啦?我的建议又遭到拒绝了。”turn over 翻身,翻转,把移交;turn on打开(水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等)
13、,(使)感兴趣;(使)兴奋;turn off 关掉(电器、水龙头等),使厌烦;turn down 关小(音量等),拒绝。根据句意选 D。2011 福建卷,31 Born into a family with three brothers,David was to value the sense of sharing.A.brought up B.turned down C.looked after D.held back 答案A 考点考查短语动词的辨析。解析句意为“出身在一个三兄弟家庭,David 受到了要看重与人分享的教育。”bring up教育,养育(孩子),呕吐(食物);turn dow
14、n 关小(音量等),拒绝;look after 照顾;hold back阻碍,抑制,隐瞒。2011 安徽卷,34If you _faults but you still want the bicycle,ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.A.come across B.care about C.look for D.focus upon 第 4 页 共 5 页 答案A 考点考查短语动词的辨析。解析句意为“如果你发现这辆自行车有毛病但还是想要,你就要求这家商店的营业员减价。”come across 偶然遇到;care about 关心,在乎;l
15、ook for 寻找;focus upon 专注于。2011 浙江卷,6The school isnt the one I really wanted to go to,but I suppose Ill just have to _it,A.make the best of B.get away from C.keep an eye on D.catch up with 答案A 考点考查短语动词的辨析。解析句意为“这所学校并不是我原来真正想去的,但我现在想尽量好好利用它了。”make the best of充分利用,尽量好好去做;get away from逃离;keep an eye on照
16、看,,留心;注意;catch up with追上,赶上。对照现在和过去对学校态度的变化,选 A。2011 浙江卷,12He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of _at a hotel for the night.A.putting down B.putting off C.putting on D.putting up 答案D 考点考查短语动词的辨析。解析句意为“他决定一路驾车回家,不在旅馆留宿。”put down放下,平定,镇压,记下;put off推迟;put on穿上,戴上,上演,假装,增加;put up举起,建
17、立,张贴,投宿。根据句意选 D。2011 四川卷,7To get a better grade,you should _the notes again before the test.A.go over B.get over C.turn over D.take over 答案A 考点考查短语动词的辨析。解析句意为“为了获得好成绩,你应该在考试前好好复习这些笔记。”go over 审查,复习,重温从头到尾检查一遍;get over 越过,完成,克服(困难),从(疾病、失望、震惊等)中恢复过来;turn over 翻身,翻转,把移交;take over接管;接替。2011 四川卷,14I oft
18、en the words I dont know in the dictionary or on the lnternet.A.look up B.look at C.look for D.look into 答案A 考点考查短语动词的辨析。解析句意为“我经常在字典里或网上查我所不懂的单词。”look up 查(单词、电话号码等);look at看,注视(某人或某物);look for 寻找;look into深入地检查,研究,调查。2011 陕西卷,25Some insects_the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.A.
19、take in B.take off C.take on D.take out 答案C 考点考查短语动词的辨析。解析take in 吸收,欺骗;take off拿走,取下,脱去(衣服等),起飞;take on承担,呈现,雇用;take out把带出去,清除,除掉。句意为“一些昆虫为了保护自己,让自己的体色与其周围环境的颜色相似。”2011 湖北卷,29The government has taken measures to _ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.A.take down B.bring down C.
20、hand down D.tear down 答案B 考点考查短语动词的辨析。第 5 页 共 5 页 解析句意为“政府已经采取措施来降低日常生活用品的价格以保持市场的稳定。”take down拆卸,记录,记下;bring down 使(某物或某人)掉下倒下,击败,降(价);hand down把传递下来,遗留;流传;tear down拆毁;拆卸。根据后面的“保持市场的稳定”选 B。2011 辽宁卷,26The exam results will be on Friday afternoon.A.put down B.put off C.put up D.put away 答案C 考点考查短语动词的
21、辨析。解析句意为“考试结果将在星期五下午公布。”put down放下,平定,镇压,记下;put off 推迟;put up举起,建立,张贴,投宿;put away放好,储存,抛弃。根据句意选 C。2011 江西卷 35You cant predict everything.Often things dont _ as you expect.A.run out B.break out C.work out D.put out.答案C 考点考查短语动词的辨析。解析run out 耗尽;break out 打破;work out 算出,实现;put out 扑灭。句意为“你无法预言一切。事情常常不会像你期待的那样实现。”选 C。