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1、托福阅读题库练习及答案汇总 托福阅读考试如何才能让自己获得高分?除了托福词汇的大量储备之外，我想托福真题的练习是必不行少的。那么除了平常大家利用官方真题Official来进行托福阅读练习之外，你还能找到哪些真题来进行练习呢?今日我在这里就为大家整理了托福阅读题库练习及答案汇总，其中包括了阅读原文、题目以及答案，希望对大家的托福阅读考试提分有帮助。 托福阅读真题练习：工作时间的文本+题目+答案 托福阅读文本： According to anthropologists, people in preindustrial societies spent 3 to 4 hours per day or
2、about 20 hours per week doing the work necessary for life. Modern comparisons of the amount of work performed per week, however, begin with the Industrial Revolution (1760-1840) when 10- to 12-hour workdays with six workdays per week were the norm. Even with extensive time devoted to work, however,
3、both incomes and standards of living were low. As incomes rose near the end of the Industrial Revolution, it became increasingly common to treat Saturday afternoons as a half-day holiday. The half holiday had become standard practice in Britain by the 1870's, but did not become common in the Uni
4、ted States until the 1920's. In the United States, the first third of the twentieth century saw the workweek move from 60 hours per week to just under 50 hours by the start of the 1930's. In 1914 Henry Ford reduced daily work hours at his automobile plants from 9 to 8. In 1926 he announced t
5、hat henceforth his factories would close for the entire day on Saturday. At the time, Ford received criticism from other firms such as United States Steel and Westinghouse, but the idea was popular with workers. The Depression years of the 1930's brought with them the notion of job sharing to sp
6、read available work around; the workweek dropped to a modem low for the United States of 35 hours. In 1938 the Fair Labor Standards Act mandated a weekly maximum of 40 hours to begin in 1940,and since that time the 8-hour day, 5-day workweek has been the standard in the United States. Adjustments in
7、 various places, however, show that this standard is not immutable. In 1987, for example, German metalworkers struck for and received a 37.5-hour workweek; and in 1990 many workers in Britain won a 37-hour week. Since 1989, the Japanese government has moved from a 6- to a 5-day workweek and has set
8、a national target of 1,800 work hours per year for the average worker. The average amount of work per year in Japan in 1989 was 2,088 hours per worker,compared to 1,957 for the United States and 1,646 for France. 托福阅读题目： 1. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) Why people in preindustrial societ
9、ies worked few hours per week (B) Changes that have occurred in the number of hours that people work per week (C)A comparison of the number of hours worked per year in several industries (D) Working conditions during the Industrial Revolution 2. Compared to preiudustrial times, the number of hours i
10、n the workweek in the nineteenth century (A) remained constant (B) decreased slightly (C) decreased significantly (D) increased significantly 3. The word "norm" in line 5 is closest in meaning to (A) minimum. (B) example (C) possibility (D) standard 4. The word "henceforth" in li
11、ne 13 is closest in meaning to (A) in the end (B) for a brief period (C) from that time on (D) on occasion 5. The "idea" mentioned in line 15 refers to (A) the 60-hour workweek (B) the reduction in the cost of automobiles (C) the reduction in the workweek at some automobile factories (D) t
12、he criticism of Ford by United States Steel and Westinghouse 6. What is one reason for the change in the length of the workweek for the average worker in the United States during the 1930's? (A) Several people sometimes shared a single job. (B) Labor strikes in several countries influenced labor
13、 policy in the United States. (C) Several corporations increased the length of the workweek. (D) The United States government instituted a 35-hour workweek. 7. Which of the following is mentioned as one of the purposes of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 ? (A) to discourage workers from asking f
14、or increased wages (B) to establish a limit on the number of hours in the workweek (C) to allow employers to set the length of the workweek for their workers (D) to restrict trade with countries that had a long workweek 8. The word "mandated" in line 18 is closest in meaning to (A) require
15、d (B) recommended (C) eliminated (D) considered 9. The word "immutable" in line 21 is closest in meaning to (A) unmatched (B) irregular (C) unnecessary (D) unchangeable 10. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as evidence that the length of the workweek has been declining since the nine
16、teenth century? (A) The half-day holiday (line 7) (B) Henry Ford (lines 11-12) (C) United States Steel and Westinghouse (line 14-15) (D) German metalworkers (line 21) 11. According to the passage , one goal of the Japanese government is to reduce the average annual amount of work to (A) 1,646 hours
17、(B) 1,800 hours (C) 1,957 hours (D) 2,088 hours 托福阅读答案： BDDCCABADCB 托福阅读真题练习：海洋文化的文本+题目+答案 托福阅读文本： The Native American peoples of the north Pacific Coast created a highly complex maritime culture as they invented modes of production unique to their special environment. In addition to their sophistic
18、ated technical culture, they also attained one of the most complex social organizations of any nonagricultural people in the world. In a division of labor similar to that of the hunting peoples in the interior and among foraging peoples throughout the world, the men did most of the fishing, and the
19、women processed the catch. Women also specialized in the gathering of the abundant shellfish that lived closer to shore. They collected oysters, crabs, sea urchins, mussels, abalone, and clams, which they could gather while remaining close to their children. The maritime life harvested by the women
20、not only provided food, but also supplied more of the raw materials for making tools than did fish gathered by the men. Of particular importance for the native tool kit before the introduction of metal was the wide knife made from the larger mussel shells, and a variety of cutting edges that could b
21、e made from other marine shells. The women used their tools to process all of the fish and marine mammals brought in by the men. They cleaned the fish, and dried vast quantities of them for the winter. They sun-dried fish when practical, but in the rainy climate of the coastal area they also used sm
22、okehouses to preserve tons of fish and other seafood annually. Each product had its own peculiar characteristics that demanded a particular way of cutting or drying the meat, and each task required its own cutting blades and other utensils. After drying the fish, the women pounded some of them into
23、fish meal, which was an easily transported food used in soups, stews, or other dishes to provide protein and thickening in the absence of fresh fish or while on long trips. The woman also made a cheese-like substance from a mixture of fish and roe by aging it in storehouses or by burying it in woode
24、n boxes or pits lined with rocks and tree leaves. 托福阅读题目： 1. Which aspect of the lives of the Native Americans of the north Pacific Coast does the passage mainly discuss? (A) Methods of food preservation (B) How diet was restricted by the environment (C) The contributions of women to the food supply
25、 (D) Difficulties in establishing successful farms 2. The word "unique" in line 2 is closest in meaning to (A) comprehensible (B) productive (C) intentional (D) particular 3. The word "attained" in line 3 is closest in meaning to (A) achieved (B) modified (C) demanded (D) spread
26、4. It can be inferred from paragraph 1 that the social organization of many agricultural peoples is (A) more complex than that of hunters and foragers (B) less efficient than that of hunters and foragers (C) more widespread than that of hunters and foragers (D) better documented than that of hunters
27、 and foragers 5.According to the passage , what is true of the "division of labor" mentioned in line 5? (A) It was first developed by NativeAmericans of the north Pacific Coast. (B) It rarely existed among hunting (C) It was a structure that the Native Americans of the north Pacific Coast
28、shared with many other peoples. (D) It provided a form of social organization that was found mainly among coastal peoples. 6. The word "abundant" in line 7 is closest in meaning to (A) prosperous (B) plentiful (C) acceptable (D) fundamental 7.All of the following are true of the north Paci
29、fic coast women EXCEPT that they (A) were more likely to catch shellfish than other kinds of fish (B) contributed more materials for tool making than the men did (C) sometimes searched for food far inland from the coast (D) prepared and preserved the fish 8. The word "They" in line 16 refe
30、rs to (A) women (B) tools (C) mammals (D) men 9. The NativeAmericans of the north Pacific Coast used smokehouses in order to (A) store utensils used in food preparation (B) prevent fish and shellfish from spoiling (C) have a place to store fish and shellfish (D) prepare elaborate meals 10. The wore
31、"peculiar" in line 19 is closest in meaning to (A) strange (B) distinctive (C) appealing (D) biological 11. All of following are true of the cheese-like substance mentioned in paragraph 4 EXCEPT that it was (A) made from fish (B) not actually cheese (C) useful on long journeys (D) made in
32、a short period of time 托福阅读答案： CDAAC BCABB D 托福阅读真题练习：冰川的文本+题目+答案 托福阅读文本： During most of their lives, surge glaciers behave like normal glaciers, traveling perhaps only a couple of inches per day. However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual
33、. The surge often progresses along a glacier like a great wave,proceeding from one section to another. Subglacial streams of meltwater might act as a lubricant,allowing the glacier to flow rapidly toward the sea. The increasing water pressure under the glacier might lift it off its bed, overcoming t
34、he friction between ice and rock, thus freeing the glacier, which rapidly sliders downhill. Surge glaciers also might be influenced by the climate,volcanic heat, or earthquakes. However, many of these glaciers exist in the same area as normal glaciers, often almost side by side. Some 800 years ago,
35、Alaska's Hubbard Glacier advanced toward the sea, retreated, and advanced again 500 years later. Since 1895, this seventy-mile-long river of ice has been flowing steadily toward the Gulf of Alaska at a rate of approximately 200 feet per year. In June 1986,however, the glacier surged ahead as muc
36、h as 47 feet a day. Meanwhile, a western tributary, called Valerie Glacier, advanced up to 112 feet a day. Hubbard's surge closed off Russell Fiord with a formidable ice dam, some 2,500 feet wide and up to 800 feet high, whose caged waters threatened the town of Yakutat to the south. About 20 si
37、milar glaciers around the Gulf of Alaska are heading toward the sea. If enough surge glaciers reach the ocean and raise sea levels, west Antarctic ice shelves could rise off the seafloor and become adrift. A flood of ice would then surge into the Southern Sea. With the continued rise in sea level, m
38、ore ice would plunge into the ocean, causing sea levels to rise even higher, which in turn would release more ice and set in motion a vicious cycle. The additional sea ice floating toward the tropics would increase Earth's albedo and lower global temperatures,perhaps enough to initiate a new ice
39、 age. This situation appears to have occurred at the end of the last warm interglacial (the time between glacations), called the Sangamon, when sea ice cooled the ocean dramatically, spawning the beginning of the Ice Age. 托福阅读题目： 1. What is the main topic of the passage ? (A) The classification of d
40、ifferent types of surge glaciers (B) The causes and consequences of surge glaciers (C) The definition of a surge glacier (D) The history of a particular surge glacier 2. The word "intervals" in line 2 is closest in meaning to (A) records (B) speeds (C) distances (D) periods 3. The author c
41、ompares the surging motion of a surge glacier to the movement of a (A) fish (B) wave (C) machine (D) boat 4. Which of the following does the author mention as a possible cause of surging glaciers? (A) The decline in sea levels (B) The occurrence of unusually large ocean waves (C) The shifting Antarc
42、tic ice shelves (D) The pressure of meltwater underneath the glacier 5. The word "freeing" in line 7 is closest in meaning to (A) pushing (B) releasing (C) strengthening (D) draining 6.According to the passage , the Hubbard Glacier (A) moves more often than the Valerie Glacier (B) began mo
43、vement toward the sea in 1895 (C) is 800 feet wide (D) has moved as fast as 47 feet per day 7. Yakutat is the name of (A) anAlaskan town (B) the last ice age (C) a surge glacier (D) anAntarctic ice shelf 8. The word "plunge" in line 22 is closest in meaning to (A) drop (B) extend (C) melt
44、(D) drift 9. The term "vicious cycle" in line 24 refers to the (A) movement pattern of surge glaciers (B) effect surge glaciers could have on the temperature of tropical areas (C) effect that repeated rising sea levels might have on glacial ice (D) constant threat surge glaciers could pose
45、 to the Gulf of Alaska 10. The author provides a definition for which of the following terms? (A) tributary (line 15) (B) ice dam (line 16) (C) albedo (line 25) (D) interglacial(line 26) 11. Which of the following statements is supported by the passage ? (A) The movement of surge glaciers can be prevented. (B) The next ice age could be caused by surge glaciers. (C) Surge glaciers help to supportAntarctic ice shelves. (D) Normal glaciers have little effect on Earth's climate. 托福阅读答案： BDBDB DAACD B 托福阅读题库练习及答案汇总本文来源：网络收集与整理，如有侵权，请联系作者删除，谢谢！第22页 共22页第 22 页 共 22 页第 22