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1、 2008 年硕士研究生入学考试考研英语真题答案 第一部分 USE OF ENGLISH Section I Use of English Directions:Read the following text.Choose best word（s）for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C,or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.（10points）The idea that some groups of people may be intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare
2、not speak its name.But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it any way.He is that 2 bird,a scientist who works independently 3 any institution.He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not 4 thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections,which aroused much controversy when it was first sug
3、gested.5 he,however,might tremble at the 6 of what he is about to do.Together with another two scientists,he is publishing a paper which not only 7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others,hut explains the process that has brought this about.The group in 8 are a particular peop
4、le originated from central Europe.The process is natural selection.This group generally do well in IQ test,9_ 12-15 points above the 10 value of 100,and have contributed 11 to the intellectual and cultural life of the West,as the 12 of their elites,including several world-renowned scientists,13.They
5、 also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases,such as breast cancer.These facts,14,have previously been thought unrelated.The former has been 15 to social effects,such as a strong tradition of 16 education.The latter was seen as a(an)17 of genetic isolation.Dr.Coch
6、ran suggests that the intelligence and diseasesare intimately 18.His argument is that the unusual history of these people has 19 them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this 20 state of affairs.1.Aselected Bprepared Cobliged DPleased 2.Aunique Bparticular Cspecial Drare 3.Aof Bwi
7、th Cin Dagainst 4.Asubsequently Bpresently Cpreviously Dlately 5.AOnly BSo CEven DHence 6.Athought Bsight Ccost Drisk 7.Aadvise Bsuggests Cprotests Dobjects 8.Aprogress Bfact Cneed Dquestion 9.Aattaining Bscoring Creaching Dcalculating 10.Anormal Bcommon Cmean Dtotal 11.Aunconsciously Bdisproportion
8、ately Cindefinitely Dunaccountably 12.Amissions Bfortunes Cinterests Dcareers 13.Aaffirm Bwitness Cobserve Dapprove 14.Amoreover Btherefore Chowever Dmeanwhile 15.Agiven up Bgot over Ccarried on Dput down 16.Aassessing Bsupervising Cadministrating Dvaluing 17.Adevelopment Borigin Cconsequence Dinstr
9、ument 18.Alinked B integrated Cwoven Dcombined 19.Alimited Bsubjected Cconverted Ddirected 20.Aparadoxical Bincompatible Cinevitable Dcontinuous 文章中心：完型填空的命题理论规定，文章的中心思想一般体现在文章首段的首句；有时首段首句其他段落的首句共同表达文章中心思想。因此，在选择具体题目答案前，把握文章中心对于理解文章语句，把握逻辑关系，确定语意衔接提供了足够的信息依据。文章首段主题句叙述到 The idea that some people may
10、be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name一.些人比另一些人聪 明，这一观点一直是人们不敢明确提出来的假设。本文的中心思想为 一些人比另一些人聪明的现象以及原因。本文的中心思想为 一些人比另一些人聪明的现象以及原因。本文的中心思想为 一些人比另一些人聪明的现象以及原因。题目解析：The idea that some groups of people may be intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses
11、that dare not speak its name.But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it any way.He is that 2 bird,a scientist who works independently 3 any institution.1.Aselected Bprepared Cobliged DPleased 2.Aunique Bparticular Cspecial Drare 3.Aof Bwith Cin Dagainst 1语意辨析题 本题目选择动词过去分词形式，构成 be to 的结构，在句子中 充当谓语。句子叙述到 But
12、Gregory Cochran,(a noted scientific iconoclast),is to say it anyway.但是“Gregory Cochran 无论如何也要说出来。”选项 A.selected 选择；B.prepared 准备；C.obliged 被迫；D.pleased 高兴。不难发现，选项 A.selected 选择，“但是 Gregory Cochran选择无论如何也要说出来”，符合句子含义；选项 B.prepared 准备，“但是 Gregory Cochran 准备无论如何也要说出来”，符合句子含义；选项 C.obliged 被迫，“但是 Gregory
13、 Cochran 被迫无论如何也要说出来”，符合句子含义；选项 D.pleased 高兴，“但是 Gregory Cochran高兴无论如何也要说出来”，符合句子含义。在句子中四个选 项似乎都合理，确定该题目为语意辨析题。前边相邻句子叙述到 some people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name.一些人“比另一些人聪明，这一观点一直是人们不敢明确提出 来的假设。”因此，确定本句子表示准备说出来。因此，正确答案为 B。The idea that
14、2.词汇辨析题 本题目选择形容词，在句子中充当定语。句子叙述到 He is that_ bird,a scientist who works independently_ any institution.他是 的科学家，“他的观点与其他科学家。”选项 A.unique 独一无二的；B.particular 特殊的，特别的；C.special 特殊的；D.rare 珍惜的。不难发现，修饰“bird 鸟类”答案为 rear，rear birds 珍惜鸟类，引申为少之又少的人。3.选择 A 词汇辨析题 本题目选择介词，构成 work 短语，在句子中充当谓语，句子叙述到 He is that rare
15、 bird,a scientist who works independently_ any institution.“他就是极少数的科学家，在所有科学家团体 他的观点是与众不同的。”选项 A.of 在X 围之内；B.with 与 一起；C.in 在之中；D.against 与相对。不难发现，前面单句表明他是少之又少的人，该句是表明不与他人为伍。同时，any institution 任何流派也包含着作者。因此，正确答案为 A，他就是极少数的科学家，在所有科学家团体中他的观点是独立的、与众不同的。He helped popularize the idea that some diseasesno
16、t 4 thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections,which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested.4.Asubsequently Bpresently Cpreviously Dlately 4.词汇辨析题 本题目选择副词，在句子中充当状语。句子叙述到 He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not_thought to have a bacterial cause were actually
17、 infections,which ruffled many scientific feathers when it was first suggested.“他普及了一种观点，即某些 没有被认为是由细菌引起的疾病实际上是感染，这一观点一经提出就引起了极大争议。”选项 A.subsequently 随后的；B.presently 当前的；C.previously 先前的；D.lately 后来。不难发现，为了于本句子中的“actually，实际上”相互呼应，要体现时间上的先后交替关系。选项 A.subsequently 随后的，“即某些随后没有被认为是由细菌引起的疾病实际上是感染”，时间逻辑混
18、乱，不符合句子含义；选项 B.presently 当前的，“即某些当前没有被认为是由细菌引起的疾病实际上是感染”，时间逻辑混乱，不符合句子含义；选项 C.previously 先前的，“即某些以前没有被认为是由细菌引起的疾病实际上是感染”，时间逻辑合理，符合句子含义；选项 D.lately 后来，“即某些后来没有被认为是由细菌引起的疾病实际上是感染”，时间逻辑混乱，不符合句子含义。因此，正确答案为 C。5 he,however,might tremble at the 6 of what he is about to do.5.AOnly BSo CEven DHence 6.Athought
19、 Bsight Ccost Drisk 5.逻辑关系题 本题目选择逻辑关系词，体现句子之间的逻辑关系。句子叙述到 _ he,however,might tremble at the thought of what he is aboutto do.但“是，是他自己在想到要做的事情时都可能在发抖。”选项 A.Only 仅仅（表示强调）；B.So 因此（表示结果）；C.Even 甚至，即使（表示让步，包含转折意义）；D.Hence 因而（表示结果）。不难发现，句子中 however 表示与前面的语句表示转折关系。因此，正确答案为 C。6.固定搭配题 本题目选择名词，构成 at the of 的搭配
20、，在句子中充当谓语。句子叙述到 Even he,however,might tremble at the_of what he is about to do.“但是，即使是他自己在 要做的事情时都可能在发抖。”选项 A.at the thought of 想到；B.at the sight of 看到；C.at the cost of 以 为代价；D.at the risk of 冒险。不难发现，选项 A.at the thought of 想到，“即使是他自己在想到要做的事情时都可能在发抖”，符合句子含义；选项 B.at the sight of 看到，“即使是他自 己在看到要做的事情时都可
21、能在发抖”，句子本身表达有误，“看到了”自己“要做的事情”是自相矛盾的表达，既然看到就应该是正在做，不符合句子含义；选项 C.at the cost of 以为代价，“即使是他自己在以要做的事情为代价时都可能在发抖”，句子本身表达不合理；选项 D.at the risk of 冒险，“即使是他自己在冒险要做的事情时都可能在发抖”，句子本身表达有误，既然是“冒险”就应该是正在做而不是“要做”。因此，正确答案为 A。Together with another two scientists,he is publishing a paper which not only 7 that one grou
22、p of humanity is more intelligent than the others,hut explains the process that has brought this about.7.Aadvise Bsuggests Cprotests Dobjects 7.词汇辨析题 本题目选择动词，在句子中充当谓语。句子叙述到 Together with Jason Hardy and Henry Harpending,of the University of Utah,he is publishing,in a forthcoming edition of the Journ
23、al of Biosocial Science,a paper which not only _ that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others,but explains the process that has brought this about“.他同两位科学家一起发表了一篇论文，论文中不仅 某些人比其他人更聪明，而且解释了导致这种情况的过程。”选项 A.advises 建议；B.suggests 暗示，建议；C.protests 抗议；D.objects 反对。不难发现，句子的主语为 “a paper 论”文
24、，宾语为“that one group of humanity 5.AOnly BSo CEven DHence 6.Athought Bsight Ccost Drisk 5.逻辑关系题 本题目选择逻辑关系词，体现句子之间的逻辑关系。句子叙述到 _ he,however,might tremble at the thought of what he is aboutto do.但“是，是他自己在想到要做的事情时都可能在发抖。”选项 A.Only 仅仅（表示强调）；B.So 因此（表示结果）；C.Even 甚至，即使（表示让步，包含转折意义）；D.Hence 因而（表示结果）。不难发现，句子中
25、 however 表示与前面的语句表示转折关系。因此，正确答案为 C。6.固定搭配题 本题目选择名词，构成 at the of 的搭配，在句子中充当谓语。句子叙述到 Even he,however,might tremble at the_of what he is about to do.“但是，即使是他自己在 要做的事情时都可能在发抖。”选项 A.at the thought of 想到；B.at the sight of 看到；C.at the cost of 以 为代价；D.at the risk of 冒险。不难发现，选项 A.at the thought of 想到，“即使是他自己
26、在想到要做的事情时都可能在发抖”，符合句子含义；选项 B.at the sight of 看到，“即使是他自 己在看到要做的事情时都可能在发抖”，句子本身表达有误，“看到了”自己“要做的事情”是自相矛盾的表达，既然看到就应该是正在做，不符合句子含义；选项 C.at the cost of 以为代价，“即使是他自己在以要做的事情为代价时都可能在发抖”，句子本身表达不合理；选项 D.at the risk of 冒险，“即使是他自己在冒险要做的事情时都可能在发抖”，句子本身表达有误，既然是“冒险”就应该是正在做而不是“要做”。因此，正确答案为 A。Together with another two
27、 scientists,he is publishing a paper which not only 7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others,hut explains the process that has brought this about.7.Aadvise Bsuggests Cprotests Dobjects 7.词汇辨析题 本题目选择动词，在句子中充当谓语。句子叙述到 Together with Jason Hardy and Henry Harpending,of the Univer
28、sity of Utah,he is publishing,in a forthcoming edition of the Journal of Biosocial Science,a paper which not only _ that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others,but explains the process that has brought this about“.他同两位科学家一起发表了一篇论文，论文中不仅 某些人比其他人更聪明，而且解释了导致这种情况的过程。”选项 A.advises 建议；B
29、.suggests 暗示，建议；C.protests 抗议；D.objects 反对。不难发现，句子的主语为 “a paper 论”文，宾语为“that one group of humanity 5.AOnly BSo CEven DHence 6.Athought Bsight Ccost Drisk 5.逻辑关系题 本题目选择逻辑关系词，体现句子之间的逻辑关系。句子叙述到 _ he,however,might tremble at the thought of what he is aboutto do.但“是，是他自己在想到要做的事情时都可能在发抖。”选项 A.Only 仅仅（表示强调
30、）；B.So 因此（表示结果）；C.Even 甚至，即使（表示让步，包含转折意义）；D.Hence 因而（表示结果）。不难发现，句子中 however 表示与前面的语句表示转折关系。因此，正确答案为 C。6.固定搭配题 本题目选择名词，构成 at the of 的搭配，在句子中充当谓语。句子叙述到 Even he,however,might tremble at the_of what he is about to do.“但是，即使是他自己在 要做的事情时都可能在发抖。”选项 A.at the thought of 想到；B.at the sight of 看到；C.at the cost
31、of 以 为代价；D.at the risk of 冒险。不难发现，选项 A.at the thought of 想到，“即使是他自己在想到要做的事情时都可能在发抖”，符合句子含义；选项 B.at the sight of 看到，“即使是他自 己在看到要做的事情时都可能在发抖”，句子本身表达有误，“看到了”自己“要做的事情”是自相矛盾的表达，既然看到就应该是正在做，不符合句子含义；选项 C.at the cost of 以为代价，“即使是他自己在以要做的事情为代价时都可能在发抖”，句子本身表达不合理；选项 D.at the risk of 冒险，“即使是他自己在冒险要做的事情时都可能在发抖”，
32、句子本身表达有误，既然是“冒险”就应该是正在做而不是“要做”。因此，正确答案为 A。Together with another two scientists,he is publishing a paper which not only 7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others,hut explains the process that has brought this about.7.Aadvise Bsuggests Cprotests Dobjects 7.词汇辨析题 本题目选择动词，在句子中充当谓语
33、。句子叙述到 Together with Jason Hardy and Henry Harpending,of the University of Utah,he is publishing,in a forthcoming edition of the Journal of Biosocial Science,a paper which not only _ that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others,but explains the process that has brought this about“.
34、他同两位科学家一起发表了一篇论文，论文中不仅 某些人比其他人更聪明，而且解释了导致这种情况的过程。”选项 A.advises 建议；B.suggests 暗示，建议；C.protests 抗议；D.objects 反对。不难发现，句子的主语为 “a paper 论”文，宾语为“that one group of humanity 5.AOnly BSo CEven DHence 6.Athought Bsight Ccost Drisk 5.逻辑关系题 本题目选择逻辑关系词，体现句子之间的逻辑关系。句子叙述到 _ he,however,might tremble at the thought
35、of what he is aboutto do.但“是，是他自己在想到要做的事情时都可能在发抖。”选项 A.Only 仅仅（表示强调）；B.So 因此（表示结果）；C.Even 甚至，即使（表示让步，包含转折意义）；D.Hence 因而（表示结果）。不难发现，句子中 however 表示与前面的语句表示转折关系。因此，正确答案为 C。6.固定搭配题 本题目选择名词，构成 at the of 的搭配，在句子中充当谓语。句子叙述到 Even he,however,might tremble at the_of what he is about to do.“但是，即使是他自己在 要做的事情时都可
36、能在发抖。”选项 A.at the thought of 想到；B.at the sight of 看到；C.at the cost of 以 为代价；D.at the risk of 冒险。不难发现，选项 A.at the thought of 想到，“即使是他自己在想到要做的事情时都可能在发抖”，符合句子含义；选项 B.at the sight of 看到，“即使是他自 己在看到要做的事情时都可能在发抖”，句子本身表达有误，“看到了”自己“要做的事情”是自相矛盾的表达，既然看到就应该是正在做，不符合句子含义；选项 C.at the cost of 以为代价，“即使是他自己在以要做的事情为代
37、价时都可能在发抖”，句子本身表达不合理；选项 D.at the risk of 冒险，“即使是他自己在冒险要做的事情时都可能在发抖”，句子本身表达有误，既然是“冒险”就应该是正在做而不是“要做”。因此，正确答案为 A。Together with another two scientists,he is publishing a paper which not only 7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others,hut explains the process that has brought this ab
38、out.7.Aadvise Bsuggests Cprotests Dobjects 7.词汇辨析题 本题目选择动词，在句子中充当谓语。句子叙述到 Together with Jason Hardy and Henry Harpending,of the University of Utah,he is publishing,in a forthcoming edition of the Journal of Biosocial Science,a paper which not only _ that one group of humanity is more intelligent tha
39、n the others,but explains the process that has brought this about“.他同两位科学家一起发表了一篇论文，论文中不仅 某些人比其他人更聪明，而且解释了导致这种情况的过程。”选项 A.advises 建议；B.suggests 暗示，建议；C.protests 抗议；D.objects 反对。不难发现，句子的主语为 “a paper 论”文，宾语为“that one group of humanity 5.AOnly BSo CEven DHence 6.Athought Bsight Ccost Drisk 5.逻辑关系题 本题目选
40、择逻辑关系词，体现句子之间的逻辑关系。句子叙述到 _ he,however,might tremble at the thought of what he is aboutto do.但“是，是他自己在想到要做的事情时都可能在发抖。”选项 A.Only 仅仅（表示强调）；B.So 因此（表示结果）；C.Even 甚至，即使（表示让步，包含转折意义）；D.Hence 因而（表示结果）。不难发现，句子中 however 表示与前面的语句表示转折关系。因此，正确答案为 C。6.固定搭配题 本题目选择名词，构成 at the of 的搭配，在句子中充当谓语。句子叙述到 Even he,however,
41、might tremble at the_of what he is about to do.“但是，即使是他自己在 要做的事情时都可能在发抖。”选项 A.at the thought of 想到；B.at the sight of 看到；C.at the cost of 以 为代价；D.at the risk of 冒险。不难发现，选项 A.at the thought of 想到，“即使是他自己在想到要做的事情时都可能在发抖”，符合句子含义；选项 B.at the sight of 看到，“即使是他自 己在看到要做的事情时都可能在发抖”，句子本身表达有误，“看到了”自己“要做的事情”是自相
42、矛盾的表达，既然看到就应该是正在做，不符合句子含义；选项 C.at the cost of 以为代价，“即使是他自己在以要做的事情为代价时都可能在发抖”，句子本身表达不合理；选项 D.at the risk of 冒险，“即使是他自己在冒险要做的事情时都可能在发抖”，句子本身表达有误，既然是“冒险”就应该是正在做而不是“要做”。因此，正确答案为 A。Together with another two scientists,he is publishing a paper which not only 7 that one group of humanity is more intelligen
43、t than the others,hut explains the process that has brought this about.7.Aadvise Bsuggests Cprotests Dobjects 7.词汇辨析题 本题目选择动词，在句子中充当谓语。句子叙述到 Together with Jason Hardy and Henry Harpending,of the University of Utah,he is publishing,in a forthcoming edition of the Journal of Biosocial Science,a paper
44、which not only _ that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others,but explains the process that has brought this about“.他同两位科学家一起发表了一篇论文，论文中不仅 某些人比其他人更聪明，而且解释了导致这种情况的过程。”选项 A.advises 建议；B.suggests 暗示，建议；C.protests 抗议；D.objects 反对。不难发现，句子的主语为 “a paper 论”文，宾语为“that one group of humanity
45、5.AOnly BSo CEven DHence 6.Athought Bsight Ccost Drisk 5.逻辑关系题 本题目选择逻辑关系词，体现句子之间的逻辑关系。句子叙述到 _ he,however,might tremble at the thought of what he is aboutto do.但“是，是他自己在想到要做的事情时都可能在发抖。”选项 A.Only 仅仅（表示强调）；B.So 因此（表示结果）；C.Even 甚至，即使（表示让步，包含转折意义）；D.Hence 因而（表示结果）。不难发现，句子中 however 表示与前面的语句表示转折关系。因此，正确答案为
46、 C。6.固定搭配题 本题目选择名词，构成 at the of 的搭配，在句子中充当谓语。句子叙述到 Even he,however,might tremble at the_of what he is about to do.“但是，即使是他自己在 要做的事情时都可能在发抖。”选项 A.at the thought of 想到；B.at the sight of 看到；C.at the cost of 以 为代价；D.at the risk of 冒险。不难发现，选项 A.at the thought of 想到，“即使是他自己在想到要做的事情时都可能在发抖”，符合句子含义；选项 B.at
47、the sight of 看到，“即使是他自 己在看到要做的事情时都可能在发抖”，句子本身表达有误，“看到了”自己“要做的事情”是自相矛盾的表达，既然看到就应该是正在做，不符合句子含义；选项 C.at the cost of 以为代价，“即使是他自己在以要做的事情为代价时都可能在发抖”，句子本身表达不合理；选项 D.at the risk of 冒险，“即使是他自己在冒险要做的事情时都可能在发抖”，句子本身表达有误，既然是“冒险”就应该是正在做而不是“要做”。因此，正确答案为 A。Together with another two scientists,he is publishing a p
48、aper which not only 7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others,hut explains the process that has brought this about.7.Aadvise Bsuggests Cprotests Dobjects 7.词汇辨析题 本题目选择动词，在句子中充当谓语。句子叙述到 Together with Jason Hardy and Henry Harpending,of the University of Utah,he is publishing,in
49、 a forthcoming edition of the Journal of Biosocial Science,a paper which not only _ that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others,but explains the process that has brought this about“.他同两位科学家一起发表了一篇论文，论文中不仅 某些人比其他人更聪明，而且解释了导致这种情况的过程。”选项 A.advises 建议；B.suggests 暗示，建议；C.protests 抗议；D.
50、objects 反对。不难发现，句子的主语为 “a paper 论”文，宾语为“that one group of humanity 5.AOnly BSo CEven DHence 6.Athought Bsight Ccost Drisk 5.逻辑关系题 本题目选择逻辑关系词，体现句子之间的逻辑关系。句子叙述到 _ he,however,might tremble at the thought of what he is aboutto do.但“是，是他自己在想到要做的事情时都可能在发抖。”选项 A.Only 仅仅（表示强调）；B.So 因此（表示结果）；C.Even 甚至，即使（表示让