全国英语等级考试三级(pets3级)历年真题试卷(三).docx

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1、全国英语等级考试三级(pets3级)历年真题试卷(三)材料题(江南博哥)根据下面资料,回答26-30题。Late last year, I needed to transport some furniture from our house in Sussex to my son s fiat in central London. I should have paid a man to do it for me, but foolishly confident in my driving ability, I decided to hire a van and drive it myself.

2、It was a Ford Transit 280, long and wide; you couldn t see out of the back. You never really knew how close you were to anything else on the road.Reversing in my home yard, I crashed into a small shed, causing permanent damage. At least I owned the shed.I loaded up the furniture and set out. By now

3、it was rush hour. My nerves broke down, as I steered the huge van through ever-shifting lanes, across oncoming vehicles, between distances of buses, at last to Charlotte Street.Here, I found an available parking space. As I reversed into it, I noticed three people at a pavement caf waving to me. I g

4、ot out, trembling violently, like one who has just endured a storm-y Atlantic crossing. You ve shifted the car parked behind you three feet, they said, and it be-longed to a disabled person. I examined the car. There were white scratches along its front bumper.It bore a disabled sign. So, now I was

5、a bad driver and a bad man. Under the stern gaze of the three, I left an apologetic note on the damaged car s windscreen, giving my phone number.I unloaded the furniture, dripping with sweat. Wanting only to escape the monster, I drove the van back to its base on the Edgware Road. On arrival, the hi

6、re man told me I must fill it up with petrol before returning it. Just charge me, I cried, still shaking with fear. He gazed at me with understanding. No doubt hed witnessed others in this state before. How about I drive you to a petrol station, you fill up, and I drive her back? he asked.He danced

7、the great van through the traffic so casually that it would have shamed me if I had not been so grateful.26单选题The writer felt regretful that he had_A.hired someone to drive for himB.asked his son to do the deliveryC.rented a small van for his goodsD.delivered the furniture himself正确答案:D参考解析:参考译文去年年底

8、,我需要将我在苏塞克斯郡家里的一些家具运到我儿子在伦敦市中心的公寓去。我本该雇个人来做的,但由于盲目相信自己的驾车技术,我决定租一辆货车,然后自己开去伦敦。那是一辆福特全顺280,又长又宽。从车头根本看不到车尾。你根本想象不到,在路上,你和别的物体是有多近。在我自己家院子里倒车的时候,我撞上了一个小棚子,造成了永久性的破坏。至少撞上的是我自己的棚子。我将家具装上车,然后就出发了。那时已经是交通高峰期了。在我驾驶着这巨大的货车穿过不断变换着的车道、穿过迎面而来的汽车、在拥挤的车道中穿梭最终到达夏洛特街的时候,我已经崩溃了。我终于找到了一个空车位。就在倒车的时候,我注意到人行道咖啡厅那儿有三个人在

9、对我招手。我剧烈地颤抖着下了车,像一个刚刚横渡波涛汹涌的大西洋的人一样。“你撞到了一辆位于你身后三英尺远的汽车,”他们说,那辆车的车主是一名残疾人。我检查了一下那辆车,发现沿着车子的前保险杠有几道白色的划痕。上面有残疾人标志。现在,我不仅是一个坏司机还是一个坏人。在那三个人坚定的目光下,我在那辆被刮到的车子的挡风玻璃上留了一张道歉的字条,上面写有我的电话号码。我大汗淋漓地把家具从车上卸下来。那时我只想逃离这恶魔,所以我将货车开回它在埃奇韦尔路的站点。一到那里,租车的男人告诉我要先将汽油加满才能还车。“我宁愿给钱,”我大喊到,一边还因害怕而颤抖着。他带着理解的目光看着我。毫无疑问,他以前肯定遇到

10、过像我这样处境的人。“我载你去加油站,你来加油,然后我再把车开回来怎么样?”他问我。若我当时没有对他心怀感激,那他开车时应对自如的车技就会使我感到羞愧了。【精析】细节题。由文中第一段第二句话“I should have paid a man to do it for me,but foolishly confident in my driving ability,I decided to hire a van and drive it myself”可知,作者本来能够付钱让别人来帮助他运送家具,但是由于对自己的开车技术比较自信,所以选择租车,然后自己开车去伦敦。所以A项是错误的,B项在文中没有

11、提及。C项的a small van“小货车”和下文信息不符,故选D。27单选题On his way to Charlotte Street,the writer felt_A.frightenedB.annoyedC.relaxedD.excited正确答案:A参考解析:细节题。由文章中的第三段第三句话“My nerves broke down,as I steered the huge van through ever-shifting lanes,across oncormng vehicles,between distmlees of buses,at last to Charlotte

12、 Street”可知,那时作者面对不断变换着的车道,迎面驶来的车以及在拥挤的车道中穿梭,作者菲常害怕,精神已经快崩溃了,在四个选项中,只有A项frightened。害怕的”符合当时作者的心情,B项意为“恼怒的”,C项意为“放松的”,D项意为“兴奋的”,均不符合题意,故选A。28单选题In the parking lot,the writer_A.saw a disabled manB.ran into his friendsC.hit another vehicleD.examined his van正确答案:C参考解析:细节题。由文章中的第四段第四句话Youve shifted the ca

13、lparked behind you three feet,they said,and it belonged to a disabled person”可知,作者当时在停车的时候撞上了一辆残疾人的车。C项意为“撞上了其他汽车”,正确。A、B项在文中没有出现,D项“检查了他自己的车”是错误的,因为作者当时检查的是残疾人的车,故选C。29单选题The writer uses the word“monster”(para5)to refer to_A.the bad experienceB.the heavy furnitureC.the guy at the baseD.the vehicle

14、he drove正确答案:D参考解析:推断题。由文章的第五段第二句“Wanting only to escape the monster,I drove the Van back to its base on the Edgware Road”可知,当时作者想要逃离这个“恶魔”,A项意为“这段糟糕的经历”,但是经历是抽象的东西,并且储存在脑海中,所以不需要逃离;B项意为“笨重的家具”,在文中给作者造成困扰的是开货车,并不是家具;C项意为“在站点的那个男人”,此时这个人还没有出现,所以也不是指人;D项意为“他开的货车”,符合题意,综观全文,是这巨大的货车给他造成了困扰,故选D。30单选题Watc

15、hing the hire man drive,the writer felt_A.doubtfulB.gratefulC.ashamedD.worried正确答案:B参考解析:细节题。由文章的最后一段“He danced the great vail through the traffic so casually that it would have shamed me if I had not been so grateful”可知,此时作者的心里是感激的,A项意为“怀疑的”;B项意为“感激的”;C项意为“羞耻的”;D项意为“担心的”。故选B。材料题根据下面资料,回答31-32题。By t

16、he time you retire, there s no doubt about it, your brain isn t what it used to be. By 65,most people will start to notice the signs: you forget people s names and the teapot occasionally turns up in the fridge.There is a good reason why our memories start to let us down. At this stage of life, we a

17、re steadily losing brain cells in critical areas. This is not too much of a problem at first; even in old age, the brain is flexible enough to compensate. At some point, though, the losses start to make themselves felt.Clearly, not everyone ages in the same way, so what s the difference between a ha

18、ppy, intelli-gent old person and a forgetful, bad-tempered granny? And can we improve our chances of becoming the former?Exercise can certainly help. Numerous studies have shown that gentle exercise three times a week can improve concentration and abstract reasoning in older people, perhaps by encou

19、raging the growth of new brain cells. Exercise also helps steady our blood sugar. As we age, our blood sugar control worsens, which causes a large increase in blood sugar levels. This can affect an area that helps form memories. Since physical activity helps control blood sugar, getting out and abou

20、t could reduce these peaks and, potentially, improve your memory.Coordination training could also help. Studies have shown that specifically targeting motor control and balance improves learning function in 60 to 80-year-olds.Brain training was once considered strange, but a study concludes that com

21、puterised brain exercises can improve memory and attention in the over 65s. Importantly, these changes were large enough that participants reported significant improvements in everyday activities, such as remembe-ring names or following conversations in noisy restaurants.Avoiding the complaints is e

22、ven easier. In fact, your brain is doing all it can to ensure a con-tented retirement. By 65, we are much better at increasing the experience of positive emotion, says Florin Dolcos, a neurobiologist at the University of Alberta in Canada. In experiments, he found that people over the age of 60 tend

23、ed to remember fewer emotionally negative photographs com-pared with positive ones than younger people.31单选题It is usual for retired people to have_A.a distant memoryB.a terrible memoryC.a painful memoryD.a changeable memory正确答案:B参考解析:参考译文毫无疑问,等到你退休了,你的大脑就不会是以前的样子了。到65岁的时候,大多数人都会注意到这样的迹象:你会忘记人们的名字,茶壶

24、有时会出现在冰箱里。有一个原因能够解释为何我们的记忆会开始不尽人意。在生命的这一阶段,大脑重要区域的细胞开始稳定地减少。刚开始的时候,这并不会造成很大的困扰。即使是在年老的时候,大脑也很灵活,能够补充流失的大脑细胞。然而,在某些时候,细胞的减少开始造成困扰。很显然,每个人老去的方式并不一样。因此一位快乐、睿智的老人和一位健忘、坏脾气的奶奶之间到底有什么不同呢?我们能够通过努力变得和前者一样吗?锻炼一定有帮助。许多研究表明每周三次轻缓的锻炼能够帮助提高老年人的注意力和抽象思维的能力,也许是通过促进新脑细胞增长的方式。锻炼也能帮助我们稳定血糖。当我们渐渐变老,我们的血糖控制力降低,这将导致血糖水平

25、的大幅度提高。从而对形成记忆的区域产生影响。因为运动能够帮助控制血糖,经常出去运动能够帮助减少血糖高峰值的出现,进而有可能提高记忆力。协调训练同样也有帮助。研究表明,针对性地训练控制和平衡运动神经能够提高60到80岁老人的学习机能。“大脑训练”曾经被认为是十分奇怪的,但是一项研究表明用电脑辅助式大脑训练能够提高65岁以上的老人的记忆和注意力。重要的是,这些变化是如此的巨大以至于参与者报告说在日常生活中的记忆力出现了显著地提高,例如,记住名字或者能够在吵闹的餐厅进行交谈。避免抱怨就更加容易了。事实上,你的大脑正在尽全力确保你能够拥有满意的退休。根据加拿大亚伯达大学的神经生物学家弗洛林多尔科斯所说

26、,到65岁的时候,我们在增加积极情绪方面的经历已经做得很好了。在实验中,和年轻人相比,他发现60岁以上的老人更容易记住积极意义的图片,而不是消极的图片。【精析】推断题。由第一段第一句“By the time you retire,theres no doubt about it,your brain isnt what it used to be”并结合全文可知,退休以后老年人的记忆会变得非常差,也就是比较健忘。A项意为“遥远的记忆”;B项意为“糟糕的记忆”;C项意为“痛苦的记忆”;D项意为“易变的记忆”。故选B。32单选题According to the text,mild exercise

27、 helps old people_A.avoid a bad temperB.feel happy with their lifeC.practise creative thinkingD.improve their mental ability正确答案:D参考解析:推断题。由第四段第二句“Numerous studies have shown that gentle exercise three times a week can improve concentration and abstract reasoning in older people,perhaps by encouragi

28、ng the growth of new brain cells”可知,轻缓的锻炼能够帮助提高老年人的注意力和抽象思维的能力,也就是D项所说的“提高他们的大脑能力”,A项和B项所说的太过笼统,C项没有在文中出现,故选D。33单选题It is learned from the text that high blood sugar may_A.encourage brain cells to growB.result in poor concentrationC.affect physical activityD.lead to memory loss正确答案:D参考解析:推断题。由第四段第四、五

29、句“As we age,ourblood sugar control worsens,which causes a large increase in blood sugar lev-elsThis Can affect an area that helps form memories”可知,高血糖可能会导致记忆的缺失,D项符合题意,故选D。34单选题Through“brain training,”old people can_A.improve their physical balanceB.cope better with daily activitiesC.cooperate bette

30、r with each otherD.become skillful at using computers正确答案:B参考解析:推断题。由第六段“Brain trainingwas once considered strange,but a study concludes that computerised brain exercises Can improve memory and attention in the over 65sImportantly,these changes were large enough that participants repoaed significant

31、 im-provements in everyday activities,such as”可知,大脑训练能够提高65岁以上的老人的记忆和注意力,并给出了例子记住名字或者能够在吵闹的餐厅进行交谈,这和B项所讲的cope better with daily activities“更好地应对日常生活”意思相同,故选B。35单选题According to Florin Dolcos,when it comes to retirement,most old people tend to feel_.A.satisfiedB.depressedC.hopefulD.regretful正确答案:A参考解析

32、:推断题。由文章最后一段的最后一句“In experiments,he found that people over the age of 60 tended to remember fewer emotionally negative photographs compared with positive ones than younger people”以及本段段意可知,在弗洛林多尔科斯的实验中,老年人更倾向于记住能够使心情愉悦的图片,因此A项的satisfied“满意的,开心的”符合题意,故选A。材料题根据下面资料,回答36-36题。Anne:I really don t think th

33、at it s moral to target children with advertisements, as they are not yet able to distinguish advertising from actual programming in the way adults can. This means that ad-vertising aimed at children is misleading and unfair. It is also clearly effective, as otherwise adver-risers would not spend hu

34、ndreds of millions of dollars each year targeting children who are not yet able to resist their sales pitch.John:Advertising aimed at children brings negative social consequences, as much of it is for food and drinks that are unhealthy. Encouraging naive children to consume so much fatty, sugary and

35、 salty food is morally wrong because it creates overweight, unhealthy youngsters, with bad eating habits that will be with them for life. Society may pay a high price in terms of the extra medical care such children will eventually require.Lily:I think banning advertisements is a severe restriction

36、upon freedom of speech. Companies should be able to tell the public about any legal products, or innovation will be restricted and new companies will find it hard to market their products successfully in the face of established rivals.Children also have a human right to receive information from a wi

37、de range of sources and make up their own minds about it.Ross :Children naturally like foods that are rich in fats and sugar. They give them the energy they need to play energetically and grow healthily. It is true that eating only such foods is bad for people, but this is a problem of bad parenting

38、 rather than the fault of advertising. If advertising to children were banned, then governments would not be able to use this means of promoting healthy eating.Julia:Children are not naive innocents, but clever consumers who can distinguish at a very young age between advertisements and programs, an

39、d understand that advertisements can be misleading.This essential learning process is, in fact, developed through exposure to advertisements. It is also assisted by responsible parenting that does not just leave children alone in front of the television,but spends some time watching with them and di

40、scussing what is seen.Now match the name of each person (36 -40) to the appropriate statement.Note: there are two extra statements.36Anne37John38Lily39Ross40JuliaAParentsbad lifestyle influences their childrenBIts not right to ban advertisementsCDont blame advertisements for kidsbad eating habitsDCh

41、ildren are easily misled by advertisementsEWatching TV advertisements is a process of learning for kidsFIts time to ban advertisements aimed at childrenGAdvertisements aimed at children may bring trouble to society36单选题第(36)题选查看材料ABCDEFG正确答案:D参考解析:参考译文安妮:我真的认为将孩子作为广告目标是非常不道德的,毕竟他们还不能像成人一样具备将广告和真实的节目

42、区别开来的能力。这就意味着将孩子作为目标的广告是具有误导性的,并且是不公平的。显然这样的广告也是非常有效的,否则广告商们不会每年在那些还不能抵抗他们的商品宣传的孩子身上花费上亿美元。约翰:将孩子作为目标的广告会产生不良的社会影响,因为其中大部分广告都是关于不健康的食物和饮料的。鼓励天真的孩子消费高脂、高糖、多盐的食物在道德上是错误的,因为这将会使他们肥胖、不健康,还会让他们养成伴随他们一生的不良饮食习惯。社会将会为这些孩子最终需要的医疗护理付出高昂的代价。莉莉:我认为禁止广告是对言论自由的严重限制。公司有权告知公众任何一种合法产品。否则的话发明就会受到限制,而新公司就会发现很难在已经有所成就的

43、竞争对手面前成功推广他们的产品。孩子也有权利从更宽广的信息源中接收信息,并做出自己的决定。罗斯:孩子天生喜欢高脂、高糖的食物。这些食物给予孩子们玩耍所需要的能量,并使他们健康成长。当然,不可否认,只吃这样的食物对人是有害的,但这是父母教育不善的结果,并不是广告的错。如果禁止向孩子们播放广告,那么政府也不能将此作为宣传健康饮食的途径了。茱莉亚:孩子并不是完全无知的,而是聪明的消费者,他们在很小的年龄就能够将广告和节目区别开来,并且能够理解广告有时是有误导性的。事实上,这一至关重要的学习过程是通过暴露于广告环境之下而形成的。同样还需要负责的是父母的教育,父母不能仅仅将孩子留在电视机前,还要花时间和

44、他们一起看电视并对所看到的内容进行讨论。【精析】主旨题。安妮对将孩子定为目标的广告态度是“,This means that advertising aimed at children is misleading and unfair”她认为将孩子作为目标的广告是具有误导性的,并且是不公平的。这与D项“孩子们很容易被广告误导。”观点相符,故选D。37单选题第(37)题选ABCDEFG正确答案:G参考解析:主旨题。约翰的态度是“Advertising aimed at children brings negative social consequencesSociety may Pay a hig

45、h price in terms of the extra meNcal catee such children will eventually re-quire”他认为社会将会为这些孩子最终需要的医疗护理付出高昂的代价。这与G项“以孩子为目标的广告可能会带来社会问题。”观点相符,故选G。38单选题第(38)题选ABCDEFG正确答案:B参考解析:主旨题。莉莉的态度是“I think banning advertisements is a severe restriction upon freedom of speech”她认为禁止这类广告是对言论自由的严重限制,是不对的,这与B项“禁止广告是

46、不对的。”观点相符。故选B。39单选题第(39)题选ABCDEFG正确答案:C参考解析:主旨题。罗斯的态度为“It is true that eating only such foods is bad for people,but this is a problem of bad parenting rather than the fault of advertising”他认为孩子饮食不健康主要是父母的责任,而不应该责备广告,这与C项“关于孩子的不良饮食习惯,不应该责备广告。”内容相符,故选C。40单选题第(40)题选ABCDEFG正确答案:E参考解析:主旨题。茱莉亚的态度为“This es

47、sential learning process is,in factdeveloped through exposure to advertisements”她认为看广告对孩子的学习过程是非常重要的,这与E项“看广告对孩子来说是一种学习过程。”观点相符,虽然A选项的内容和她所讲的父母教育问题相关,但是A项的“Parentsbad lifestyle”在文中并没有出现,故选E。材料题根据下面资料,回答41-41题。Entrepreneurs and small business owners are typically buried in demands and obligations. So,learning to say no and focus on the right things is critically important.Vickie Milazzo, a very successful businessman and author of Wicked Success Is Inside Every Woman, has some useful advice that could certainly benefit just about anyo

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