《【课件】Unit 1 Reading and thinking 课件-2022-2023学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《【课件】Unit 1 Reading and thinking 课件-2022-2023学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册.pptx（46页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、空白演示Reading and ThinkingTo raise new questions,new possibilities,to regard old problems from a new angle,requires creative imagination and marks real advance in science.Albert Einstein&Leopold Infeld 提出新的问题，发现新的可能，从新的角度审视已存在的问提出新的问题，发现新的可能，从新的角度审视已存在的问题，这些需要创造性的想象力，并标志着科学的真正进步。题，这些需要创造性的想象力，并标志着科学的真
2、正进步。阿尔伯特阿尔伯特爱因斯坦爱因斯坦,利奥波德利奥波德英费尔德英费尔德Reading and Thinkingon Page 2John Snow Defeats“King Cholera”1.Discuss the following stages of scientific research in groups.What order would you put them in?Understand the questioning mind 理解质疑精神理解质疑精神_ analyse the results_ ask a question_ draw a conclusion_ coll
3、ect data_ find a problem_ find supporting evidence_ think of a methodJohn Snow Defeated“King Cholera”What is Cholera?Who is JohnWho is John Snow?Snow?How did he defeat Colera?What will be talked about from the title?John Snow(18131858)John Snow was born in York on March 15th,1813,the oldest of nine
4、children.约约翰翰斯斯诺诺（1813-1858)1813-1858),英英国国医医生生，1919世世纪纪5050年年代代因因其其对对霍霍乱乱病病源源的的研研究究和和贡贡献献享享誉誉世世界界医医学学界界，被被公公认认为为流流行行病病学学奠奠基基人人之之一一。斯斯诺诺18361836年年起起接接受受正正规规医医科科教教育育，18441844年年毕毕业业于于伦伦敦敦大大学学。18541854年年伦伦敦敦霍霍乱乱流流行行，斯斯诺诺通通过过研研究究霍霍乱乱病病死死者者的的日日常常生生活活情情况况，发发现现了了霍霍乱乱与与饮饮用用不不洁洁水水的的关关系系。在在他他的的呼呼吁吁下下，政政府府及及时时
5、关关闭闭了了不不洁洁水水源源，有有效效制制止止了了霍霍乱乱的的流流行行。虽虽然然斯斯诺诺没没有有发发现现导导致致霍霍乱乱的的病病原原体体，但但他他创创造造性性地地使使用用空空间间统统计计学学查查找找到到传传染染源源，并并以以此此证证明明了了这这种种方方法法的的价价值值。今今天天，绘绘制制地地图图已已成成为为医医学学地地理理学学及及传传染染病病学学中中一一种种基基本本的的研研究究方方法法。“斯斯诺诺的霍乱地图的霍乱地图”成了一个经典案例。成了一个经典案例。The text is mainly about _ and _ he defeated king cholera.howJohn SnowL
6、ook at the picture,the title and the map,guess what the content of the text is.Then skim it quickly to see if you are right.FastreadingRead Para 1 and circle the key words to put the stages in order.JOHN SNOW DEFEATS“KING CHOLERA”Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world,until
7、a British doctor,John Snow,showed how it could be overcome.This illness causes severe diarrhoea,dehydration,and even death.In the early 19th century,when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe,millions of people died from the disease.As a young doctor,John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how t
8、o prevent or treat cholera.In time,he rose to become a famous doctor,and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth.However,he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.Find a problem.Read Para 2 and circle the key words to put the stages in order.In general,doctors in those
9、 days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread.One theory was that bad air caused the disease.Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.Snow subscribed to the second theory.It was correct,but he still needed proof.Consequently,when an outbrea
10、k of cholera hit London in 1854,Snow began to investigate.He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.He was determined to find out why.Ask a question.Read Para 3 and circle the key words to put the stages in order.Snow b
11、egan by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived.There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street(especially house numbers 16,37,38,and 40).However,some households(such as 20 and 21 Broad Street,and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street)had had no deaths.These people wor
12、ked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street.They had been given free beer,and so had not drunk the water from the pump.Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.What is more,in another part of London,a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad Street.It seemed that the w
13、oman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.As a result of this evidence,John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs.Accordingly,he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.Through this intervention,t
14、he disease was stopped in its tracks.Think of a method.Collect data.Analyze the results.multiple deaths happened here.No death happened here.The water from the pump was to blame.Public houseClue:free beer from public houseResult:The water came from the river which had been polluted by the dirty wate
15、r from London.adj.数量多的The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.Moreover,Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London.Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw was
16、te.The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.Read Para 4 and circle the key words to put the stages in order.Find supporting evidence.Through Snows tireless efforts,water companies began to sell clean water and the threat of choler
17、a around the world saw a substantial decrease.However,cholera is still a problem.Each year,millions of people around the world get cholera and many die from it.Fortunately,we now know how to prevent cholera,thanks to the work of John Snow.Moreover,in his use of maps and statistics,Snow transformed t
18、he way scientists study diseases.For this reason,Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.Read Para 5 and circle the key words to put the stages in order.Draw a conclusion.Use the stages in examining a new scientific idea to describe each paragraph.draw a conclusionfind a problemask a qu
19、estioncollect datafind supporting evidenceWhat causes cholera?Which theory is correct?Mark information on a map to find out where people died or did not die.Find other evidence to confirm the conclusion.The water is to blame.The source of all drinking water should be examined so that it is safe.2.Sk
20、im the passage to see if the order you decided in Activity 1 was correct._ analyse the results_ ask a question_ draw a conclusion_ collect data_ find a problem_ find supporting evidence_ think of a method12345673.Read the passage again and complete the chart below.It was believed that cholera was ca
21、used by bad _ or germs in _.Snow _ the places where the people who _ had lived.Many deaths occurred near the _ in Broad Street.Some people _ drunk the water from the pump,and lived.A woman and her daughter died in another part of London after _.The pump water carried _.The _ of the pump was removed.
22、airfood or watermarked on a mapdiedwater pumphadntcholera germshandleA.C.B.D.E.moving away from Broad Street，but drinking water from the pump.JOHN SNOW DEFEATS“KING CHOLERA”约约输输斯斯诺诺战战胜胜“霍霍乱乱王王”Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world,until a British doctor,John Snow,showed how
23、 it could be overcome.This illness causes severe diarrhoea,dehydration,and even death.In the early 19th century,when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe,millions of people died from the disease.在在英英国国医医生生约约翰翰斯斯诺诺向向人人们们展展示示如如何何战战胜胜霍霍乱乱之之前前，霍霍乱乱曾曾是是世世界界上上最最令令人人恐恐惧惧的的疾疾病病之之一一。它它可可导导致致严严重重腹腹泻泻、脱脱水水甚甚至至死死亡
24、亡。十十九九世世纪纪初初，霍霍乱乱暴暴发发，肆肆虐虐欧欧洲洲，数数百百万万人人丧命丧命。As a young doctor,John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera.In time,he rose to become a famous doctor,and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth.However,he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and
25、 for all.由由于于当当时时无无人人知知道道如如何何预预防防或或治治疗疗霍霍乱乱，年年轻轻的的约约翰翰斯斯诺诺医医生生很很沮沮丧丧。后后来来，他他成成了了一一位位名名医医。甚甚至至照照料料分分娩娩的的维维多多利利亚亚女女王王。然然而而，他他始始终终没没有有放放弃弃彻彻底底根根除霍乱的愿望。除霍乱的愿望。In time，he rose to become a famous doctor，and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth.后后来来，他他成成为为一名著名的医生，甚至在维多利亚女王分娩时照顾她。一名著名的医生，甚至在维
26、多利亚女王分娩时照顾她。1in time及时；终于；及时；终于；迟早迟早in time作作“终于；迟早终于；迟早”讲时，常单独使用，作状语。讲时，常单独使用，作状语。in time作作“及时及时”讲时，后常跟讲时，后常跟for sth.或或to do sth.。(1)You will succeed in time as long as you dont give up.只只要要不放弃，你总有一天会成功。不放弃，你总有一天会成功。(2)The doctor came in time (save)his life.医生及时赶到并抢救了他的生命。医生及时赶到并抢救了他的生命。(3)Lucky fo
27、r him，he was just in time the bus.幸运的是，他及时赶上了公共汽车。幸运的是，他及时赶上了公共汽车。to savefor联想发散联想发散time相关短语荟萃相关短语荟萃：from time to timeat a time in no time at the same time at one time at no time 有时有时；偶尔；偶尔每次每次立刻立刻；马上；马上同时同时一度一度；从前；从前绝不绝不(置于句首时，句子常用部分倒装语序置于句首时，句子常用部分倒装语序)attend v.随随同同，陪陪同同；经经常常去去，定定期期去去(学学校校、教教堂堂等等)
28、；伴伴随随而而至至，（作作为为结结果果）伴伴随随；出出席席，参参加加；注注意意，专专心心；处处理，照料；理，照料；attend a meeting/a lecture/school 参加会议参加会议/听报告听报告/上学上学attend to sb./sth.照料照料；处理；处理；招待；招待attend(on/upon)sb.伺候某人，照顾伺候某人，照顾某人某人In general,doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread.One theory was that bad a
29、ir caused the disease.Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.Snow subscribed to the second theory.It was correct,but he still needed proof.关关于于霍霍乱乱的的蔓蔓延延方方式式，当当时时医医生生大大体体上上有有两两种种截截然然不不同同的的看看法法。一一种种看看法法是是空空气气污污染染引引发发，另另一一种种看看法法是是食食物物或或饮饮用用水水中中的的细细菌菌感感染染导导致致霍霍乱
30、乱。斯斯诺诺赞赞同同第第二二种种看看法法。这这一一看看法法是是正正确确的的，但但他他仍仍需要证据。需要证据。Snow subscribed to the second theory.斯斯诺赞同第二个理论。诺赞同第二个理论。2subscribe to同意；赞成；捐助；订阅同意；赞成；捐助；订阅(杂志或报纸杂志或报纸)一词多义一词多义写出下列句子中写出下列句子中subscribe to的汉语意思的汉语意思(1)He subscribes to the view that children can benefit from being independent._(2)This is the scho
31、ol your father subscribed to generously in the past._(3)Using the money I earned in the holiday，I have subscribed to several magazines recently._赞成；同意赞成；同意捐助捐助订阅订阅Consequently,when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854,Snow began to investigate.He discovered that in two particular streets the ch
32、olera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.He was determined to find out why.因因此此，1854年年伦伦敦敦暴暴发发霍霍乱乱时时，斯斯诺诺便便开开始始调调查查。他他发发现现霍霍乱乱疫疫情情在在两两条条街街道道上上尤尤为为严严重重，十十天天内内就就有有500多多人人死死亡亡。他他决心决心查明原因。查明原因。therefore,hence,accordingly,thus,as a result determine to do sth 决心做某事决心做某事deter
33、mination n.决心决心determined adj.坚决的坚决的Snow began by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived.There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street(especially house numbers 16,37,38,and 40).However,some households(such as 20 and 21 Broad Street,and 8 and 9 Cambridge
34、 Street)had had no deaths.These people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street.They had been given free beer,and so had not drunk the water from the pump.Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.斯斯诺诺首首先先在在地地图图上上标标出出所所有有死死者者住住所所的的确确切切位位置置。宽宽街街水水泵泵附附近近有有多多例例死死亡亡(尤尤其其是是16号号、37号号、38号号及及40号号住住宅宅)，
35、但但是是有有些些住住户户(如如宽宽街街20号号和和21号号以以及及剑剑桥桥街街8号号和和9号号)却却无无人人死死亡亡。这这些些幸幸存存者者在在剑剑桥桥街街7号号的的酒酒吧吧工工作作，酒酒吧吧为为他他们们提提供供免免费费啤啤酒酒，因因此此没没有有喝喝水水泵泵抽抽上上来的水。斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首。来的水。斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首。a household name 家喻户晓的名字家喻户晓的名字domestic 本国的；家用的本国的；家用的Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.斯斯诺诺怀怀疑疑水水泵就是罪魁祸首。泵就是罪魁祸首。3suspe
36、ct vt.怀疑；认为怀疑；认为 n.被怀疑者；犯罪被怀疑者；犯罪嫌疑人嫌疑人suspect that.怀疑怀疑；觉得；觉得suspect sb.of(doing)sth.怀疑某人怀疑某人(做过做过)某事某事suspect sb.to be.怀疑某人是怀疑某人是(1)Judging from what he said I suspect him to be a pickpocket.Judging from what he said I suspect .根据他的话判断，我怀疑他是个扒手。根据他的话判断，我怀疑他是个扒手。(2)What made you suspect her having
37、taken the money?你凭什么怀疑钱是她拿的？你凭什么怀疑钱是她拿的？that he is a pickpocketofblame vt.责备；谴责责备；谴责 n.过失；过失；责备责备be to blame(for sth.)(对某事对某事)负有责任，应受责备负有责任，应受责备blame sb.for sth.因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人blame sth.on sb./sth.把某事归咎于某人把某事归咎于某人/某事某事put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.将某事归咎于某人将某事归咎于某人(1)Many children
38、are afraid of being blamed making mistakes in speaking English.许多孩子害怕讲英语时因犯错误而受责备。许多孩子害怕讲英语时因犯错误而受责备。(2)(blame)by his teacher，the boy was in low spirits.被老师责备后，这个男孩心情低落。被老师责备后，这个男孩心情低落。forBlamedWhat is more,in another part of London,a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from
39、 Broad Street.It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.As a result of this evidence,John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs.Accordingly,he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not b
40、e used.Through this intervention,the disease was stopped in its tracks.此此外外，在在伦伦敦敦的的另另一一个个区区域域，一一名名妇妇女女和和她她的的女女儿儿从从宽宽街街搬搬来来后后死死于于霍霍乱乱。该该妇妇女女似似乎乎非非常常喜喜欢欢从从水水泵泵抽抽上上来来的的水水，每每天天都都让让人人从从那那里里打打水水运运到到家家里里来来。有有了了这这个个证证据据，约约翰翰斯斯诺诺就就能能够够宣宣布布水水泵泵抽抽上上来来的的水水携携带带霍霍乱乱病病菌菌。于于是是，他他让让人人拆拆掉掉了了水水泵泵的的把把手手，这这样样水水泵泵就就用用不不
41、成了。这一干预举措遏制了疾病的蔓延。成了。这一干预举措遏制了疾病的蔓延。The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.Moreover,Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London.Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was pollu
42、ted by raw waste.The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.事事情情的的真真相相是是宽宽街街水水泵泵抽抽上上来来的的水水被被废废弃弃物物污污染染了了。此此外外，斯斯诺诺之之后后还还证证明明了了另另外外几几起起霍霍乱乱病病例例与与伦伦敦敦多多家家饮饮用用水水公公司司有有关关。有有些些公公司司出出售售的的水水取取自自被被未未处处理理的的废废弃弃物物污污染染的的泰泰晤晤士士河河。与与饮饮用用纯纯浄浄水水或或
43、开开水水的的人人相比，饮用被污染的水的人相比，饮用被污染的水的人更更可能可能染上霍乱。染上霍乱。Moreover，Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London.此此外外，斯斯诺诺后后来来证证明明了了其其他他霍霍乱乱病病例例与与伦伦敦敦不不同同的的供供水水公公司司之间的联系。之间的联系。4link vt.&n.连接；连接；联系联系link.to.将将和和联系或连接联系或连接起来起来link up with与与联合；使与联合；
44、使与衔接衔接(1)Ive decided to block all the information from a friend，who constantly shares links to various health tips.我我决决定定屏屏蔽蔽一一个个朋朋友友的的所所有有信信息息，他他总总是不停地分享各种保健小贴士的链接。是不停地分享各种保健小贴士的链接。(2)The police found that these fingerprints linked the suspect the case.警方发现这些指纹把犯罪嫌疑人与案件联系起来。警方发现这些指纹把犯罪嫌疑人与案件联系起来。(3
45、)They went on to the next town，where they the other party.他们继续赶路到了下一个城镇，在那里他们与另一个队伍会合。他们继续赶路到了下一个城镇，在那里他们与另一个队伍会合。tolinked up withThrough Snows tireless efforts,water companies began to sell clean water and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.However,cholera is still a
46、problem.Each year,millions of people around the world get cholera and many die from it.经经过过斯斯诺诺的的不不懈懈努努力力，饮饮用用水水公公司司开开始始出出售售洁洁净净水水，世世界界各各地地霍霍乱乱的的威威胁胁大大幅幅降降低低。然然而而，霍霍乱乱仍仍是是问问题题。每每年年全全球有数百万人感染霍乱，其中许多人因此球有数百万人感染霍乱，其中许多人因此丧生丧生。Through Snows tireless efforts，water companies began to sell clean water，and
47、the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.经经过过斯斯诺诺不不懈懈的的努努力力，自自来来水水公公司司开始销售纯净水，世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅度减少。开始销售纯净水，世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅度减少。6decrease vi.&vt.减少；减少；(使使)变小或变少变小或变少 n.减少；减少；降低降低 decrease to.减少到减少到 decrease by.减少了减少了 decrease from.to.从从减少到减少到 on the decrease正在减少正在减少(1)The traffic accide
48、nts in the city decreased by 30%last year.该城市去年交通事故减少了百分之三十。该城市去年交通事故减少了百分之三十。(2)The number of new students in this school 2,100 1,600 this year.今今年年这这所所学学校校的的新新生生人人数数从从2 100减减少少到到1 600。(3)Because of human activities，the number of some rare animals is .由由于于人人类类活活动动，一一些些稀稀有有动动物物的的数数目在减少目在减少。decreased
49、 fromtoon the decrease Fortunately,we now know how to prevent cholera,thanks to the work of John Snow.Moreover,in his use of maps and statistics,Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.For this reason,Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.幸幸运运的的是是，由由于于约约翰翰斯斯诺诺的的努努力力，我我们们现现在
50、在知知道道了了如如何何预预防防霍霍乱乱。此此外外，通通过过使使用用地地图图和和数数据据，斯斯诺诺改改变变了了科学家研究疾病的方式。科学家研究疾病的方式。因此因此，斯诺被誉为现代流行病学之父。，斯诺被誉为现代流行病学之父。Fortunately，we now know how to prevent cholera，thanks to the work of John Snow.幸幸运运的的是是，由由于于约约翰翰斯斯诺诺的的努努力力，我我们现在知道了怎样防治霍乱。们现在知道了怎样防治霍乱。7thanks to幸亏，幸亏，由于由于其其他他表表示示原原因因的的短短语语还还有有：because of，o