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1、welcome Dealing with new words or phrases in reading comprehension (阅读理解）阅读理解）How do you deal with the unfamiliar words or phrases while reading?Ignore them and continue readingLook them up in the dictionaryGuess the meaning 词义理解题常见的题型有:1.The underlined word(phrase,term)“”means _.2.According to the
2、passage,the word“”properly means _.3.The word“”in paragraph refers to _.4.By“”,the author means _.5.Which of the following is closest in meaning to“”?常见设问形式Translate these sentencesHe is a good Christian.He is a good father.He is a good child.He is a good husband.She is a good wife.She is a good tea
3、cher.She is a good friend.他是一名虔诚的教徒。他是一名虔诚的教徒。他是一名慈爱的父亲。他是一名慈爱的父亲。他是一个听话的孩子。他是一个听话的孩子。他是一个有责任心的丈夫。他是一个有责任心的丈夫。她是一个贤惠的妻子。她是一个贤惠的妻子。她是一名敬业的老师。她是一名敬业的老师。她是一个可靠的朋友。她是一个可靠的朋友。Heavy newsHeavy food Heavy waterHeavy appearanceHeavy sleeperHeavy smoker晴天霹雳晴天霹雳热量高的食物热量高的食物硬水硬水粗陋的长相粗陋的长相睡觉沉的人睡觉沉的人烟鬼烟鬼His fathe
4、r has died.His father has passed away.His old man has kicked the bucket.His beloved father has joined the heavenly choir.他爹死了。他爹死了。他父亲去世了。他父亲去世了。他家老爷子蹬腿了。他家老爷子蹬腿了。其父已驾鹤西游了。其父已驾鹤西游了。1、定义或解释说明、定义或解释说明 猜猜 词词 技技 巧巧2、对比关系、对比关系3、因果关系、因果关系4、举例法、举例法5、重述、重述6、同义词、近义词、同义词、近义词7、生活经验、生活经验,生活常识生活常识,逻辑推理逻辑推理8.根据生词
5、所在的上下文猜测词义根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义9.根据常见的前缀，词根和后缀进行猜词根据常见的前缀，词根和后缀进行猜词 信号词：信号词：be,be called,mean,be defined as,the same as,like,as.as,to be，refer to 1、定义或解释说明、定义或解释说明Ex.1 A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.His uncle is a zoologist,an expert who does research on
6、 animals.The herdsman,who looks after sheep,earns about 650 yuan a year.We are on the night shift-from midnight to 8 a.m.-this week.木匠木匠 动物学家动物学家 牧人牧人 夜班夜班2、对比关系、对比关系 信号词信号词:but,however,yet,otherwise,while,though,on the one handon the other hand,for one thingfor another thing,instead of 等等 Ex.2 Thou
7、gh Toms face has been washed quite clean,his neck still remains grubbygrubby.John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things,his wife,however,is very thriftythrifty.If you agree,write“yes”;if you dissentdissent,write“no”.Although a large number of people considered him to have stolen the m
8、oney,I was sure that he was innocentinnocent of the thing.污秽的污秽的 无辜的无辜的节约的节约的不同意不同意3、因果关系、因果关系 信号词信号词:because,since,as,for,due to,so,therefore,sothat,suchthat,thusEx.3Hes such a shrewdshrewd businessman that he loses no money in any trade.She wanted the hairdresser to trimtrim her hair a bit because
9、 it was too long.The river is so turbidturbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow(浅的）浅的）.精明的精明的 修剪修剪混浊的混浊的4、举例法、举例法 信号词信号词:such,such as,like,for example/instance,especially,include,consist of Cars must have certain safety devices such as seat belt,headlights,and good brak
10、es（刹车）（刹车）.On the farm they mainly raise poultry,such as chickens,ducks and geese,for their eggs and meat.家禽家禽装置装置5、重述、重述 信号词信号词:or,that is(to say),in other words,to put it another way,i.e.In some countries where there is very little rain,the farmers have to irrigate,or water their fields.All whales
11、 consist of two groups,those with teeth and those without,Dolphins belong to odontoceti,that is to say,they are toothed whales.灌溉灌溉有牙齿的有牙齿的6、同义词、近义词、同义词、近义词 信号词信号词:or,like,asas,the same as The new tax law supersedes,or replaces,the law that was in effect last year.Mother was tall,fat and middle-aged
12、.My aunt was an old woman,almost as plump as mother,and much shorter.代替代替圆胖的圆胖的7、生活经验、生活经验,生活常识生活常识,逻辑推理逻辑推理 When a doctor performs an operation on a patient,he usually gives an anaesthetic to make him unconscious,because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him.
13、When you throw a stone into still water of a lake,you will watch a ripple spread in rings on the surface of water.Metal expands when heated and contracts when cooled.麻药麻药波纹波纹膨胀膨胀冷缩冷缩8.8.根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义例题：例题：Tom cant find his sneakers.C.shoesTom cant find his white sneakersTom cant play
14、tennis now because he cant find his white sneakers.A.moneyB.bowlsl）Jane is usually prompt.Alate Bon time Cpleased Jane is usually prompt for her classesJane is usually prompt for all her classes，but she arrived in the middle of her first class today.adj.敏捷的敏捷的,迅速的迅速的,即时的即时的adv.准时地准时地2）Tom saw an owl
15、 last night Aa bird Ban animal Cthe sun Tom saw an owl in a tree last nightTom saw an owl last night but it flew away when he got near猫头鹰猫头鹰3）The boy wants a pony Adog Bcat ChorseThe boy wants a brown pony The boy wants to ride a brown pony.小型马小型马4）The children are looking at an ape.Aa kind of monke
16、y Ba kind of snake Ca kind of fruit The children are looking at an ape at the zooThe children are looking at a large,hairy(毛的)ape at the zoo 猿猿5）The trout is very cheap Afish Bfruit Capple The fresh trout is very cheapThe fresh trout is very cheap,but I dont know how to cook it鲑鱼鲑鱼6)The lady asked t
17、he waitress to get her a saucer Aa glass Ba cake Ca small plate The lady asked the waitress to get her a clean saucerThe lady asked the waitress to get her a clean saucer to put her coffee cup on茶托茶托 7)We seldom see a sparrow now.Aa kind of dog Ba kind of plane Ca kind of birdWe seldom see a sparrow
18、 in the sky.We seldom see a sparrow in the sky because the air is not so clean now as used to be麻雀麻雀 中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀super-（超），（超），inter-（在（在之间），之间），-able（能（能的），的），mini-（极少的，微型的），（极少的，微型的），micro-（极微小的），（极微小的），re-（再，（再，反复），反复），sub-（分支的，底下），（分支的，底下），co-（共同），（共同），post-(后后)，pre-（前），（前），trans-（
19、超越；转换），（超越；转换），under-（在（在之下；之下；低于低于；不足），；不足），-hood（状态；性质；时期），（状态；性质；时期），-ish（如（如的；有点儿的；有点儿的）；的）；-proof（防（防的；的；不不能穿透的），能穿透的），-scope（景），（景），-ship（身份；资格；权力；（身份；资格；权力；性质），性质），-some（易于（易于的），的），-wards（向），（向），mis-（误；（误；恶），恶），un-（不；非），（不；非），in-（不；非），（不；非），im-（不；（不；非），非），dis-（不），（不），non-（不；非），（不；非），-less（不；（
20、不；无），无），anti-（反；（反；防）防），sino-（中国）（中国）【例1】Dont listen to his nonsense.【例2】Jason is a language specialist.【解解】sense 有有“心智健全、意识心智健全、意识”之意，之意，non-构成它的反义词，故构成它的反义词，故 nonsense有有 “胡言乱语，胡说八道胡言乱语，胡说八道”之意。之意。【解解】“Special”是是“unusual”（不寻常的）之（不寻常的）之 意；后缀意；后缀“-ist”指人。指人。“Specialist”就是就是 “不寻常的人不寻常的人”；也就是；也就是“专家专家”
21、之意。之意。中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀super-（超），（超），inter-（在（在之间），之间），-able（能（能的），的），mini-（极少的，微型的），（极少的，微型的），micro-（极微小的），（极微小的），re-（再，（再，反复），反复），sub-（分支的，底下），（分支的，底下），co-（共同），（共同），post-(后后)，pre-（前），（前），trans-（超越；转换），（超越；转换），under-（在（在之下；之下；低于低于；不足），；不足），-hood（状态；性质；时期），（状态；性质；时期），-ish（如（如的；有点儿的；有点儿的）；的）
22、；-proof（防（防的；的；不不能穿透的），能穿透的），-scope（景），（景），-ship（身份；资格；权力；（身份；资格；权力；性质），性质），-some（易于（易于的），的），-wards（向），（向），mis-（误；（误；恶），恶），un-（不；非），（不；非），in-（不；非），（不；非），im-（不；（不；非），非），dis-（不），（不），non-（不；非），（不；非），-less（不；（不；无），无），anti-（反；（反；防）防），sino-（中国）（中国）写出带有以上前缀或后缀的单词各一个写出带有以上前缀或后缀的单词各一个What have you What have you learned today?learned today?