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1、动词:表示动作或状态的词。动词的种类:1)按其作用可分为连系动词、行为动词(实义动词)、助动词和情态动词。2)动词根据其后是否带有宾语,可分为两类:及物动词、不及物动词,缩写形式分别为vt.和vi.。第1页/共47页 连系动词本身有一定的意义,但不完整,不能单独作谓语,必须和表语一起构成谓语。常见的连系动词:be,become,get,look,seem,feel,smell,sound,keep,become,turn 初一上册我们所见到的连系动词为:be动词。e.g.She is a good swimmer.连系动词连系动词第2页/共47页第3页/共47页你知道你知道你知道你知道BeBe
2、动词家族的成员吗?动词家族的成员吗?动词家族的成员吗?动词家族的成员吗?am;is;are第4页/共47页be动词包括“am”,“is”,“are”三种形式。第一人称单数(I)配合am来用。句型解析:I am+I am smart.I am ten years old.I am a student.I am a boy.第5页/共47页第二人称(You)配合are使用。句型解析:You are+You are my good friend.You are a good person.You are beautiful.第6页/共47页第三人称单数(He or She or It)配合is使用。
3、句型解析:She(He,It)is+She is a good girl.She is so cute.She is a teacher.第7页/共47页人称复数(we/you/they)配合are使用。句型解析:We(You,They)are+We are in Class 5,Grade 7.They are my friends.You are good students.第8页/共47页连系动词be是am,is,are三者的原形,一般不直接出现在句子中,而是以am,is,are的形式出现。因此建议用歌谣熟记be的用法:歌曰:我(I)用am,你(you)用are,is连着他(he)、她(
4、she)、它(it);单数is复数are,学好英语就靠它。变否定,很容易,be的后面not添;变疑问,也不难,把be 放在句首前,句末问号莫丢弃,句首大写莫忘记。第9页/共47页你能总结出be动词的各种句式吗?肯定句:否定句:一般疑问句:肯定答语:否定答语:特殊疑问句:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它.主语+be(am,is,are)+not+其它.Be(Am,Is,Are)+主语+其它?Yes,主语(代词)+be(am,is,are).No,主语(代词)+be(am,is,are)+not.疑问词+be(am,is,are)+其它?第10页/共47页一、用一、用be动词的适当形式填空动
5、词的适当形式填空1.Amy _ her sister.2.His name _ Kate.3.-What _ your phone number?-It _284-2942.4.-_ you Cara?-No,I _ Gina.5.Her brothers name _ John.6.His family name _ Li.isisisAreamisisis第11页/共47页()1.Where _ they from?Theyre from China.A.isB.am C.are()2.Is she Maria?No,she _.A.is B.isnt C.arent()3.Are the
6、y from Canada?No,they _.A.are B.arentC.isnt()4.Is he Li Ping?Yes,_.A.ImB.hesC.he is()5._ you Mingming?Yes,I _.A.Are;areB.Am;am C.Are;am()6.Mary _ from Cuba.A.isB.am C.are第12页/共47页请根据要求改变句型请根据要求改变句型:1.This is a ruler.(改为否定句)(改为否定句)2.Im a student.(改为一般疑问句并肯定回答)(改为一般疑问句并肯定回答)3.These are her things.(改为否
7、定句)(改为否定句)4.That is my sister.(改为一般疑问句并否定回答)(改为一般疑问句并否定回答)This isnt a ruler.isnt=is notAre you a student?Yes,I am.These arent her things.arent=are notIs that your sister?No,it isnt.第13页/共47页请继续做下面的题目:5.Those are erasers.(改为一般疑问句并肯定回答)6.This is an orange.(提问划线部分)7.These are apples.(提问划线部分)8.My notebo
8、ok is on the desk.(提问划线部分)Are those erasers?Yes,they are.Whats this?Whatre(=What are)these?Where is your notebook?第14页/共47页行为动词行为动词第15页/共47页一、什么是行为动词一、什么是行为动词 行为动词意义完整,能独立用作谓语。动词be和动词have一般表示状态,而行为动词大都来表示动作,如work,study,swim等。初一上册我们主要接触的是一般现在时中行为动词的用法。第16页/共47页二、行为动词一般现在时的构成二、行为动词一般现在时的构成 行为动词一般现在时须用
9、动词原形表示,但当主语是第三人称单数时,词尾须加-s或-es,其构成方法与名词复数构成方法相同,现以动词work为例:I IYouYou(你)(你)HeHeSheSheIt ItWeWeYouYou(你们)(你们)TheyTheywork.works.work.第17页/共47页三、行为动词一般现在时的基本用法三、行为动词一般现在时的基本用法1)表示现在经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态:I usually walk to school.They work here.My grandfather watches TV every evening.He goes to school by bus.2)
10、表示客观事实或普遍真理:The sun rises in the east.The earth moves round the sun.Two plus two makes four.第18页/共47页四、行为动词一般现在时第三人称单数形式的构成n行为动词一般现在时的第三人称单数形式的n构成方法和名词复数的构成方法完全一样。n1 1)一般在动词原形后加)一般在动词原形后加s s:work worksrun runslive lives第19页/共47页n2)以)以s,x,sh,ch结尾的动词加结尾的动词加es:finish finishesteach teacheswatch watchesg
11、uess guessesfix fixesmix mixes第20页/共47页n4 4)如词末为)如词末为o o,o o前加前加 es es:go goesdo doesn3 3)以辅音字母加)以辅音字母加y y结尾的动词变结尾的动词变y y为为i i再加再加es es:carry carriesfly flies但但play plays的的y之前是元音字母,只加之前是元音字母,只加s。第21页/共47页一、用动词的适当的词填空。例如:She always eats(eat)her lunch at noon.She _(do)the housework.The children _(go)t
12、o school in the morning.Mrs.Smith _(stay)at home.Their father _(take)them to school.doesgostaystakes第22页/共47页下列句子怎么改成一般疑问句:1.I like running.2.Daming comes from China.3.William likes computer games.Do you like running?Does Daming come from China?Does William like computer games?第23页/共47页第24页/共47页 助动词
13、本身没有词义,不能独立作谓语,只能和主要动词一起构成谓语,表示否定、疑问、时态、语态或其他语法形式。常见的助动词有be,have(has),do(does),will,shall等。在初一上册书中我们主要接触的助动词为do(does)。助动词第25页/共47页用作助动词的do(does)与用作行为动词的do(does)。1、do(does)用作行为动词一般表示“做”、“干”等意思。We do morning exercises every day.Jack often does some washing on Sundays.She never does her homework in the
14、 evening.第26页/共47页2、do(does)作助动词的用法。主要用来帮助构成疑问句、否定句、否定祈使句或用于替代等。1)构成一般疑问句,例如:Do you want to pass the test?2)构成特殊疑问句,例如:Where are you come from?3)do+not 构成否定句,例如:He doesnt like to study.4)构成否定祈使句,例如:Dont go there.5)用于替代Does he like the job?Yes,he does。第27页/共47页 1、助动词、助动词do在一般现在时中帮助构成一般疑问句,在一般现在时中帮助构成
15、一般疑问句,主语为第三人称单数时在句首加主语为第三人称单数时在句首加does,其结构是其结构是:1)Do+主语主语+动词原形动词原形?They live near our school.Do they live near our school?The students like learning English.Do the students like learning English?第28页/共47页2)Does+主语(第三人称单数)主语(第三人称单数)+动词原形动词原形?He watches TV every evening.Does he watch TV every evening?
16、My father teaches Chinese.Does your father teach Chinese?简略回答用助动词简略回答用助动词do/does 和和dont/doesnt 代替代替行为动词行为动词.Do you often go shopping with your mother?-Yes,I do./-No,I dont.Does his mother work in that factory?-Yes,she does./-No,she doesnt.(回答时须用人称代词回答时须用人称代词)第29页/共47页2、助动词、助动词do(does)在一般现在时中帮助构成特殊疑问
17、句,其句子结构为:)在一般现在时中帮助构成特殊疑问句,其句子结构为:疑问词疑问词+一般疑问句?一般疑问句?When do we have breakfast?Where does he play basketball?How many books do you have?第30页/共47页将下列句子改为否定句和一般疑问句:将下列句子改为否定句和一般疑问句:1 1)They work in a factory.They work in a factory.2 2)Mary likes sports.Mary likes sports.3 3)The boys go to school on fo
18、ot.The boys go to school on foot.They dont work in a factory.Do they work in a factory?Mary doesnt like sports.Does Mary like sports?The boys dont go to school on foot.Do the boys go to school on foot?第31页/共47页1.The kangaroo likes eating meat.(改为否定句)The kangaroo _ eating meat.2.The monkey lives in t
19、he jungle.(改为一般疑问句)_ the monkey _ in the jungle?3.The snake comes from Asia.(对划线部分提问)_ the snake _ from?Where doesdoesnt likeDoeslive come第32页/共47页第33页/共47页 情态动词本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气。初一上册我们接触最多的情态动词是can,表示“能,会”做某事。情情态态动动词词第34页/共47页singswimride a bikenShe can sing.nHe can swim.nThey can ride a bike
20、.一、Say what the people in Say what the people in the picture can do.the picture can do.第35页/共47页 含情态动词can的否定句,直接在情态动词can后加not,成为can not,缩写为cant。第36页/共47页二、把下列句子变为否定句。1、Lingling can ride a horse.2、He can speak Chinese.3、Lingling and Daming can play the piano.4、My father can play table tennis.5、She ca
21、n swim.cant cant cant cant cant第37页/共47页 含情态动词 can的一般疑问句,直接将can提至句首,回答的主语和问句的主语要一致。情态动词can没有人称和数的变化,即表达“某人会(不会)做某事”用“can(cant)+动词原形”。第38页/共47页 三、把下列句子变为一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答。1、Lingling can ride a horse.2、I can speak Chinese.Can Lingling ride a horse?Yes,she can./No,she cant.Can you speak Chinese?Yes,I can.
22、/No,I cant.第39页/共47页 -Who can sing in English in your class?你们班上谁会用英语唱歌?-Lily can.莉莉会。-How many boats can you see in the river?你能看见河中有多少只船吗?-Only one boat.仅有一只。-What can you see in the picture?你能在图画中看到什么?-I can see some birds and two big trees in it.我能看到一些鸟儿和两棵大树。第40页/共47页can的特殊疑问句句型为:1.who+can+动词原形
23、+其它。该句型who相当于主语。2.特殊疑问词+名词+can+主语+动词原形+其它。该句型中的特殊疑问词常用how many,how much等。3.特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其它。该句型中的特殊疑问词常用what,where,when等,一般用肯定陈述句作答。第41页/共47页1.表示“能、会”,指脑力或体力方面的“能力”。I can speak Chinese.我会讲汉语。2.表示推测,常用于否定句或疑问句中,指某种可能性。He cant be in the classroom.他不可能在教室里。3.表示“可以”,常用于口语中,指许可或请求做某事。Can I have a cup
24、 of tea,please?请问我可以喝一杯茶吗?Can的用法的用法第42页/共47页may 可能,可以可能,可以must 必须,一定必须,一定 mustnt 禁止,不允许禁止,不允许have(has)to 不得不不得不need 需要,有需要,有.必要必要neednt 没必要没必要第43页/共47页1、贝蒂会说英语,但她不会说汉语。Betty _ _ English,_she_ speak Chinese.2、你的朋友会骑马吗?会。_ your friends _ _ _?Yes,_ can.3、那个女孩不会打网球。The girl _ _ tennis.4、托尼会游泳吗?不会。_ Tony _?No,he _.5、他们会弹钢琴。They _ _ the _.can speak butcant CanrideahorsetheycantplayCanswimcantcanplaypiano第44页/共47页Finish the exercises.第45页/共47页第46页/共47页感谢您的观看!第47页/共47页