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1、会计学1宾语从句宾语从句-ppt1.Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（简单句）（简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾 语语 从从 句句连词连词 从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主主 句句（复合句）（复合句）第1页/共41页宾语从句的概念：宾语从句的概念：在复合句中在复合句中放在动词或介词后充当放在动词或介词后充当宾语的句子宾语的句子叫宾语从句叫宾语从句句子结构：句子结构：主句主句 +连词（引导词）连词（引导词）+宾语从宾语从句句第2页/共41页宾语从句三要素：宾语从句三要素：一、一、引导词引导词 二、二、语序语序:陈述语序（主语陈述语序（主语+谓语）谓语）三
2、三、时态时态 四、四、if,when引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别 五、宾语从句的反意疑问句五、宾语从句的反意疑问句 六、否定转移六、否定转移第3页/共41页一、引导词一、引导词that从句是陈述句从句是陈述句(口语中常省略）口语中常省略）if/whether（是否）（是否）从句是一般疑问句从句是一般疑问句wh/how(即特殊疑问词即特殊疑问词)从句是特殊疑问句从句是特殊疑问句Weknow（that）weshouldlearnfromeachother.Pleasetellmeif/whetheryouhavebeentoAmerica.Couldyoupleaset
3、ellmewheretherestroomsare?引导词是从句的一个成份，所以用哪个引导引导词是从句的一个成份，所以用哪个引导词，看从句成份是否完整，词，看从句成份是否完整，不完整不完整，一定是，一定是特殊疑问句特殊疑问句。完整完整，判断，判断主句主句语气，是语气，是疑问疑问语气，用语气，用if/whether;是是肯定语气肯定语气，用，用that.第4页/共41页一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）1.1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否
4、定 句句句句），连连连连词词词词由由由由thatthat引引引引导导导导，因因因因为为为为thatthat在在在在从从从从句句句句中中中中不不不不作作作作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略或非正式文体中常省略或非正式文体中常省略或非正式文体中常省略vvLin Tao feelsLin Tao feels (that)(that)his own team is even better.his own team is even better.vvShe
5、She sayssays (that)(that)she she wont wont take take part part in in the the sports sports meetingmeeting next Sunday.next Sunday.vvJim thoughtJim thought (that)(that)the train was like a big moving party.the train was like a big moving party.vvHe saidHe said (that)(that)he would like to see the hea
6、dmaster.he would like to see the headmaster.第5页/共41页在在在在 主主主主 句句句句 为为为为 动动动动 词词词词 bebe加加加加 某某某某 些些些些 形形形形 容容容容 词词词词（如如如如sorry,sorry,sure,sure,afraid,afraid,gladglad等等等等）作作作作表表表表语语语语时时时时，后后后后面面面面所所所所跟跟跟跟的的的的省省省省略略略略thatthat的的的的从从从从句句句句也也也也可可可可算算算算是是是是宾宾宾宾语语语语从句从句从句从句vvIm sorryIm sorry (that)(that)I d
7、ont know.I dont know.vvWere sureWere sure (that)(that)our team will win.our team will win.vvIm afraidIm afraid (that)(that)he wont pass the exam.he wont pass the exam.第6页/共41页注注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略在口语当中往往省略e.g.1.I hear(that)_.（一小时后他会回来）2.He said(that)_.（他非常想念我们）3.Th
8、e teacher told us(that)_.（地球围着太阳转）he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun第7页/共41页2.2.当当当当宾宾宾宾语语语语从从从从句句句句是是是是一一一一般般般般疑疑疑疑问问问问句句句句时时时时，由由由由连连连连词词词词whetherwhether或或或或if if引引引引导导导导（口口口口语语语语中中中中常常常常用用用用if if），因因因因为为为为if/whetherif/whether翻翻翻翻译译译译成成成成：“是是是是否否否否”，具具
9、具具有有有有一一一一定定定定的的的的意意意意义义义义，所所所所以以以以不能省略不能省略不能省略不能省略vvLily wanted to knowLily wanted to know if/whetherif/whether her grandmaher grandma liked the handbag.liked the handbag.vvLets seeLets see if/whetherif/whether we can find out somewe can find out some information about that city.information about t
10、hat city.vvShe asked meShe asked me if/whetherif/whether she could borrowshe could borrow these books.these books.第8页/共41页If/whether（是否）的区别（是否）的区别 一般情况下，一般情况下，if和和whether可以互换，但以下可以互换，但以下4种情况只能用种情况只能用whether：在不定式前：在不定式前：Whethertogothereornothasntbeendecided.在介词后：在介词后：Itdependson(依靠依靠)whetheritisgoing
11、torain.与与ornot连用：连用：Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.做主语从句：做主语从句：Whetherheisrightisntimportant.第9页/共41页3.3.当当当当宾宾宾宾语语语语从从从从句句句句是是是是特特特特殊殊殊殊疑疑疑疑问问问问句句句句时时时时，由由由由连连连连接接接接代代代代词词词词（what,what,who,who,whom,whom,which,which,whosewhose）或或或或连连连连接接接接副副副副词词词词（when,when,where,where,how,how,whywhy）引引引引导导
12、导导，因因因因为为为为连连连连接接接接代词代词代词代词 或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具 有一定的意义，所以不可以省略有一定的意义，所以不可以省略有一定的意义，所以不可以省略有一定的意义，所以不可以省略vvDo you knowDo you know whatwhat he said just now?he said just now?vv I dont remember I dont remember whenwhen we arrived.we arrived.v
13、v I I asked asked himhim wherewhere I I could could get get so so much much money money.vv Please tell me Please tell me who(whom)who(whom)we have to see.we have to see.vv Do you know Do you know what timewhat time the plane leaves?the plane leaves?第10页/共41页由连接代词由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接及连接
14、副词副词when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句1.He asked _.(谁能回答这个问题）2.Do you know_.（他们在等谁）3.He asked _.（谁的书法是班上最好的）4.Please tell me _.（我们什么时候开会）5.Can you tell me _.（他在哪儿）6.Could you tell me _.（我该怎么去车站）7.Would you tell me _（为什么火车迟到了）who could answer the question whom they are waiting for whose handwriting was
15、 the best in the class when well have a meeting where he is how I can get to the station why the train is late第11页/共41页带带带带howhow的词组也都可以引导宾语从句的词组也都可以引导宾语从句的词组也都可以引导宾语从句的词组也都可以引导宾语从句vvCouldyoutellusCouldyoutellushowoftenhowoftenyougoyougoabroadforaholiday?abroadforaholiday?vvCouldyoutellusCouldyoutel
16、lushowlonghowlongthemeetingwillthemeetingwilllast?last?vvIdontknowIdontknowhowfarhowfaritistothecinema.itistothecinema.vvPleasetellusPleasetellushowmanyhowmanystudentstherearestudentsthereareinyourschool?inyourschool?vvCanyoutellusCanyoutellushowoldhowoldhisbrotheris?hisbrotheris?vvPleasetellusPleas
17、etellushowsoonhowsoonyouwillbeready.youwillbeready.vvCouldyoutellusCouldyoutellushowmuchhowmuchitcoststoflyitcoststoflytoHainan?toHainan?第12页/共41页1.1.TheTheyoungyoungmanmanaskedasked_itsitssummersummerororwinter.winter.A.A.eithereither B.B.thatthat C.C.weatherweather D.D.whetherwhether2.2.Wedontknow
18、_theydidit.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.A.howhow B.B.whowho C.C.whatwhat D.D.whichwhich3.3.TheThe teacherteacher asksasks usus _ JimJim cancan comecomebackontime.backontime.A.A.thatthat B.B.ifif C.C.whenwhen D.D.whatwhattimetime 4.4.DoesDoes anybodyanybody knowknow _wewe willwill havehave aasportsmeetingt
19、hisweekendornot.sportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatA.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that D DA AB BC C第13页/共41页5.Iwonder_heiscryingnow.5.Iwonder_heiscryingnow.A.thatB.whyC.howD.whenA.thatB.whyC.howD.when6.Haveyoufoundout_wecandoon6.Haveyoufoundout_wecandoonHainanIsland?HainanIsland?A.whatB.
20、howC.ifD.whetherA.whatB.howC.ifD.whether7.Lilysaid_shehadfinishedher7.Lilysaid_position.A.ifB.thatC.whenD.whereA.ifB.thatC.whenD.where8.Idontknow_hestillliveshere.8.Idontknow_hestillliveshere.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.whetherA.whereB.whatC.whenD.whetherB BA AB BD D第14页/共41页二、时态二、时态二、时态二、时态1.1.1.1.如如如如果果果
21、果主主主主句句句句是是是是现现现现在在在在的的的的时时时时态态态态,或或或或祈祈祈祈使使使使句句句句 （包包包包括括括括一一一一般般般般现现现现在在在在时时时时 ，现现现现在在在在进进进进行行行行时时时时，现现现现在在在在完完完完成成成成时时时时），从从从从句句句句的的的的时时时时态态态态可可可可根根根根据据据据实实实实际际际际情情情情况况况况而而而而定定定定，（包包包包括括括括一一一一般般般般现现现现在在在在时时时时，一一一一般般般般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）vvI know he
22、lives here .I know he lives here .vvI know he lived here ten years ago.I know he lived here ten years ago.vvI have heard that he will come tomorrow.I have heard that he will come tomorrow.第15页/共41页2.2.如如如如果果果果主主主主句句句句是是是是过过过过去去去去的的的的时时时时态态态态（包包包包括括括括一一一一般般般般过过过过去去去去时时时时，过过过过去去去去进进进进行行行行时时时时），那那那那么么么
23、么从从从从句句句句的的的的时时时时态态态态一一一一定定定定要要要要用用用用相相相相对对对对应应应应的的的的过过过过去去去去的的的的某某某某种种种种时时时时态态态态（包包包包括括括括一一一一般般般般过过过过去去去去时时时时，过过过过去进行时，过去将来时，去进行时，过去将来时，去进行时，过去将来时，去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）过去完成时）过去完成时）过去完成时）vvI knew who lived here.I knew who lived here.vvI saw she was talking with her mother.I saw she was talking with her
24、mother.vvHe asked whether his father would come backHe asked whether his father would come back tomorrow.tomorrow.vvHe said that he had seen it.He said that he had seen it.第16页/共41页3.3.3.3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理 时用一般现在时。时用一般现在时。时用一般现在时。时用一般现在时。vvThe teac
25、her said that the earth travelsThe teacher said that the earth travels around the sun.around the sun.第17页/共41页1.I didnt know what time he _ the letter.(write)2.Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move)round the sun.3.Could you tell me who _ away the book already?(take)4.Ling Feng told me he _ to Shan
26、ghai several times.(be)5.Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east.(rise)6.Can you tell me what they _ yesterday?(do)wrote moves has taken had been risesdid第18页/共41页三、语序三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词连接词+主语主语+谓语谓语+其他成分其他成分例如：例如：Where does he live?I dont know.=I dont know where he lives.第1
27、9页/共41页1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?HisHis brotherbrother asksasks whenwhen hehe willwill gogo toto thethelibrary.library.HisHis brotherbrother asksasks whenwhen willwill hehe gogo toto thethelibrary.library.2.What does he want to buy?2.What does he want to buy?I dont know w
28、hat I dont know what he wants tohe wants to buy.buy.I dont know what I dont know what does he want todoes he want to buy.buy.3.Who are we going to meet?3.Who are we going to meet?Can you tell me who Can you tell me who we are going towe are going to meet?meet?Can you tell me who Can you tell me who
29、are we going toare we going to meet?meet?第20页/共41页4.DoesheknowFrench?4.DoesheknowFrench?Wewanttoknowif/whetherWewanttoknowif/whetherheknowsheknows French.French.Wewanttoknowif/whetherWewanttoknowif/whetherdoesheknowdoesheknow French.French.5.Will they go to Canada in summer?5.Will they go to Canada
30、in summer?They re not sure if/whether They re not sure if/whether they will go tothey will go to Canada in summer.Canada in summer.They re not sure if/whether They re not sure if/whether will they go towill they go to Canada in summer.Canada in summer.第21页/共41页1.1.DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday
31、?DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?Doyouknow?Doyouknow?2.2.Mr.Mr.SmithSmithhavehavebeenbeenininChinaChinaforforaboutaboutthreethreeyears.years.JimtoldLinTao.JimtoldLinTao.Do you know if/whether the students had a picnic Do you know if/whether the students had a picnic last Sunday?last Sunday?Jim t
32、old Lin Tao(that)Mr Smith had been in China Jim told Lin Tao(that)Mr Smith had been in China for about three years.for about three years.第22页/共41页3.WhichbookshouldIreadfirst?3.WhichbookshouldIreadfirst?Pleasetellme.Pleasetellme.4.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.4.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Ourteacherto
33、ldusinyesterdaysclass.Ourteachertoldusinyesterdaysclass.Please tell me which book I should Please tell me which book I should read first.read first.Our teacher told us(that)light travels Our teacher told us(that)light travels faster than sound in yesterdays class.faster than sound in yesterdays clas
34、s.第23页/共41页1 1couldcould/wouldwould是是是是委委委委婉婉婉婉语语语语气气气气，而而而而不不不不是是是是过过过过去去去去式式式式，因因因因此此此此宾宾宾宾语语语语从从从从句句句句的的的的时时时时态态态态根根根根据据据据实实实实际际际际情情情情况况况况用用用用不同时态。不同时态。不同时态。不同时态。注意事项注意事项vvCould you please tell me where we show ourCould you please tell me where we show our tickets?tickets?vvCould you tell us whic
35、h gate we have to go to?Could you tell us which gate we have to go to?vvWould Would you you like like to to know know when when he he will will come come back back?第24页/共41页2.2.如如如如果果果果主主主主句句句句的的的的谓谓谓谓语语语语动动动动词词词词是是是是askask时时时时，连连连连词词词词不不不不可可可可能能能能是是是是thatthat；如如如如果果果果主主主主句句句句的的的的谓谓谓谓语语语语动动动动词词词词是是是
36、是saysay时时时时，连词用连词用连词用连词用thatthatvvShe says(that)she will leave a message onShe says(that)she will leave a message on his desk.his desk.vvHe said(that)he was going to take care ofHe said(that)he was going to take care of the child.the child.vvHe asks if I like playing the piano.He asks if I like play
37、ing the piano.vvYou may ask the man over there how youYou may ask the man over there how you can get to the bus station.can get to the bus station.第25页/共41页3.3.如果从句中含有如果从句中含有如果从句中含有如果从句中含有oror或或或或ornotornot时，只能时，只能时，只能时，只能用用用用whetherwhether而不用而不用而不用而不用if ifvvCould you tell meCould you tell me whethe
38、rwhether thats a fastthats a fast train train oror not not?vvDo you knowDo you know whetherwhether he is righthe is right or notor not?vvI I dont dont carecare whether whether hell hell stay stay herehere or or notnot .第26页/共41页4.否定的转移否定的转移n n当主句的谓语主语是第一人称当主句的谓语主语是第一人称,谓谓语动词是语动词是think,believe,guess,
39、suppose等词等词 时，其后面的宾语时，其后面的宾语从句的否定应转移到主句上。从句的否定应转移到主句上。n nI dont think he is right.n n附加疑问句（反意疑问句）附加疑问句（反意疑问句）n n1.当主句主语为当主句主语为I（我），主句动（我），主句动词为词为suppose,believe，think等，等，则根据从句判断，但肯、否定形则根据从句判断，但肯、否定形式根据主句判断：式根据主句判断：n nI dont think he is serious,_?第27页/共41页5.标点符号的确定标点符号的确定n n带有宾语从句的主从复合句的标点符号带有宾语从句的主从
40、复合句的标点符号取取决于主句决于主句。n n主句是主句是 n n 陈述句陈述句:。He asked me where I went just now.n n 问句：问句：？Do you know when hell be back?第28页/共41页1.Couldyoushowme_?1.Couldyoushowme_?A.howcanIgettothestationA.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD
41、.howIcanreachthestationD.howIcanreachthestation2.Pleasetellme_.2.Pleasetellme_.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeA.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike3.Mysistertoldhim_.3.Mysistertoldhim_.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainA.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedarrive
42、dC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveC CB BD D第29页/共41页4.Couldyoutellmewherewe_next4.Couldyoutellmewherewe_nextweek.week.A.wouldgoB.togoA.wouldgoB.togoC.hadtogoD.willgoC.hadtogoD.willgo5.Couldyoutellmehowmuch_tofly5.Couldyoutellmehowmuch_toflytoHainan?toHainan?A.doi
43、tcostB.doesitcostA.doitcostB.doesitcostC.itcostD.itcostsC.itcostD.itcosts6.Thesmallchildrendontknow_.6.Thesmallchildrendontknow_.A.whatistheirstockingsinA.whatistheirstockingsinB.whatisintheirstockingsB.whatisintheirstockingsC.whereistheirstockingsinC.whereistheirstockingsinD.whatintheirstockingsD.w
44、hatintheirstockingsD DB BD D第30页/共41页7.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.7.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisA.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitisC.whoisitD.whoitis8.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?8.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?A.youhaveboughtthewatchA.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptth
45、issciencebookB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChinaB BD D第31页/共41页将下列句子合并为一句将下列句子合并为一句:1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.2.What will you speak at the meeting?Could you tell me?3.Do the
46、y like to make friends with us?He asked.4.“I am doing my homework.”He said.5.“I will come back.”Tom said.6.“Is he doing his homework?”Jim asked.I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?He asked if they liked to make friends with them.He said that he
47、was doing his homework.Tom said that he would come back.Jim asked if he was doing his homework.第32页/共41页第33页/共41页【例例1】WhenIwenttohavethebill,IrealizedIhadmywalletathome.2006北京市北京市A.forgottenB.leftC.hadD.taken中考典型例题解析中考典型例题解析【例例3】Doyouknow_Icouldpasstheexam?Sorry,Ivenoidea.A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.whic
48、hB【例例2】Couldyoutellme_?2003甘肃省甘肃省A.whenwillTomcomebackB.whendoesTomcomebackC.whenTomwillcomebackD.whenTomcomesbackCB【例例4】Doyouknow_duringthecomingsummerholiday?2003北京海淀区北京海淀区A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomdoC.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdidC第34页/共41页【例例7】MrKingdidntknow_yesterdayevening.2003吉林省吉林省A.whendoeshi
49、ssoncomehomeB.whenhissoncomeshomeC.whendidhissoncomehomeD.whenhissoncamehome【例例5】Doyouknow_?2003北京市北京市Nextyear.A.whenhecomeB.whendidhecomeC.whenhewillcomeD.whenwillhecomeC【例例6】Couldyoutellus_?2003河南省河南省A.whenyouwillsendthefridgetoourhouseB.whenwillyousendthefridgetoourhouseC.whenyouwouldsendthefridg
50、etoourhouseD.whenwouldyousendthefridgetoourhouseDA第35页/共41页.单项选择单项选择1.Doyouremember_lasttime?A.whatisyourteachersayingB.whatyourteachersaidC.whatdidyourteachersayD.whatyourteachersays2.Hedidnttellme_.A.howoldhewasB.howoldwasheC.hewashowoldD.howmuchdiditcost3.Excuseme,couldyoutellme_?A.whatswrongwith