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1、nounadj./adv.infinitiveV-ingV-edetc.主语谓语宾语宾语宾补表语宾语(间)宾语(直)VtV-lViNoun/PronounThe+adjV-ing/ClauseInfinitiveNoun/Pronoun/The+adjV-ing/Clause/Infinitivebe/feel/seem/lookappear/become/get/grow/turngo/come/remain/keeptaste/smelletc.nounpronounadj./adv.infinitiveV-ing/V-edclauseetc.第1页/共67页Object Clauses
2、宾语从句M3U3 GrammarM3U3 Grammar第2页/共67页1.Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（简单句）（简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾语语从从句句连词连词 从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主主 句句（复合句）（复合句）第3页/共67页什么是什么是宾语宾语？I know him.Do you have the time?I think(that)she is beautiful.Why dont you pay attention to me?We are excited that we win the tug of war.宾语位于谓语
3、动词或者介词后,也可位于表示情感的形容词之后第4页/共67页一、宾语从句的概念一、宾语从句的概念从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。E.g.We know Mr Green teaches English.She asked if these answers were right.二、宾语从句三要素二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词）语语 序序时时 态态第5页/共67页如何区分宾语从句？They know the teacher.主语 谓语 宾语They know the teacher is very kind.主语 谓语 宾语从句 句
4、子做宾语就是宾语从句。第6页/共67页 宾语从句变否定句。宾语从句变否定句。如果主句的主语是第一人称I或we时，并且谓语动词多为think、guess、believe、consider、imagine、expect等表示心理活动的词时，变否定句要否定转移，即否定主句。否则，变否定句看从句。Ithinkchickencanswim（变否定句）IdontthinkchickencanswimHesaidthathewouldgoshopping（变否定句）Hesaidthathewouldnotgoshopping第7页/共67页1.Wewonderhowweshalldo.2.Couldyout
5、ellmewheretheyare?3.Webelievethattheyhavefinishedtheirtask,haventwe?4.IamsorrythatIdidntknowyouwanttojointheParty.找出下列句中的宾语从句第8页/共67页由从属连词由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句由连接代词由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句由从属连词由从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句（一）引导词1 12 23 3第9页/共6
6、7页e.g.1.Hedoesntdoubt(that)_.2.Hesaid(that)_.3.Theteachertoldus(that)_.hewillbebackinanhour hemissedusverymuch theearthmoves由从属连词that引导的宾语从句注注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略aroundthesun第10页/共67页that不能省略的2种情况（2）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时（it常可以放在动词think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语that从句则放在句
7、尾）I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.We heard it that she would get married next month.（1）当that作介词except,inexcept,in 宾语时They believe in that she must still be single.I know nothing about him except that he is living in Beijing.第11页/共67页由从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从句Iwanttoknow_.2.Askh
8、im_.3.Iwonder_.4.Couldyoutellme_?if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithuswhether(if)hecancomewhetheritisgoingtorainornotif/whether“是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)you tell me 等后。whether(if)MrLiliveshere第12页/共67页只能用 whether不能用 if 的情况1.在介词后面：Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.We are wor
9、ried about whether it will rain tomorrow.2.在动词不定式前(whether to do sth.)：They asked me whether to go skating.第13页/共67页3.当与or not连用，或提出两种选择时:I dont know whether hes free or not.Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.Tell me whether youd like to go shopping or tidy the room.4.宾语从句提前时：Whether
10、this is true or not,I cant say.第14页/共67页Practice timeif/whether1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2.Were worried about _ he is safe.3.I wonder _ he is well.4.I dont know _ or not he is well.5.I dont know _ to go.if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether第15页/共67页1.He asked _.2.Do you know_?3.He asked_.4.
11、Do you know _?5.Please tell me _.6.Can you tell me _?7.Could you tell me _?who could answer the questionwhom they are waiting for whose bike was the best in the class when well have a meeting where he is how I can get to the station why the train is late由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词 where,ho
12、w,why,when引导的宾从代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。第16页/共67页二、语序二、语序宾语从句的语序用宾语从句的语序用陈述语序陈述语序：连接词连接词+主语主语+谓语谓语+其他成分其他成分第17页/共67页1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.2.Whatdidhewanttobuy?Idontkn
13、owwhatdidhewanttobuy.Idontknowwhathewantedtobuy.主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）第18页/共67页 Whats wrong?Whats the matter?Whats happening?What happened?注：当从句的原句为以下句子 以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：e.g.Idontknowwhatsthematter.Canyoutellmewho is over there?Canyoutellmewho he is?做主语做主语做宾语做宾语第19页/共67页否定的转移 若主句为第一人称（I或 We)，谓语动词为th
14、ink,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。I dont think this dress fits you well.Idontthinkyouareright.我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。我认为你是错的。Idontbelieveyouwillfinishtheworktoday.我认为你今天无法完成工作。第20页/共67页注意：这种否定前移的宾语从句，在变成反意疑问句时，反意疑问句的主谓语要与从句一致。Idontthink(that)heisinteres
15、tedinthatthing,ishe?我认为他对那件事不感兴趣，对吗？第21页/共67页如果主句的主语是第二和第三人称时，它后面接的宾语从句的否定词通常不前移，它的反意疑问句的主谓语应该与主句一致，即如果主句是肯定，反意疑问部分就用否定；如果主句是否定，那么反意疑问部分就用肯定。Shethoughtthatfilmwasnotinteresting,didntshe?她认为那部电影不好看，是吗？Youthinkyoucantgetup,dontyou?你认为你起不来，是吗？第22页/共67页vI know he lives here .vI know he lived here ten ye
16、ars ago.vI have heard that he will come tomorrow.三、时态1.主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定。第23页/共67页2.2.如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时），从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）vI knew who lived here.vI saw she was talking with her mother.vHe asked whether his father would come back tomorrow.vHe said that he h
17、ad seen it.第24页/共67页The teacher told me she was born in 1960.I heard that he went to Paris last night.3.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时，仍用一般现在时。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun.4.从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生 在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。第25页/共67页主句时态从句时态一般现在时、
18、一般将来时、祈使句时根据句意的需要用任意一种时态一般过去时与原句相对应的过去的时态客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等一律用一般现在时第26页/共67页1.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)2.The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go)3.I hear they _ (return)it already.4.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948.(be)5.Our teacher told us in class the sun _
19、in the east.(rise)will be goes have returned had been rises第27页/共67页宾语从句三要素时时 态态Summary (小结）小结）引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词）语语 序序第28页/共67页注意：宾语从句常用于直接引语转为间接引转变的时候注意时态和人称的变化第29页/共67页What did your father say?Youareaclevergirl.MyfathersaidIwasaclevergirl.第30页/共67页“I am in space.”What did he say?He said he was in sp
20、ace.第31页/共67页有些动词如enjoy,love,hate,like,appreciate,take,hide,see to,insist on,depend on,rely on等带宾语从句时，习惯上在从句前加形式宾语it.I hate it when people ask me for money.I will appreciate it if you can give me some money.第32页/共67页1.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.Wedontknow_th
21、eydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus_Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime4.Doesanybodyknow_wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatDABC Practice第33页/共67页5.Couldyoushowme_?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcan
22、reachthestation6.Pleasetellme_.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike7.Mysistertoldhim_.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD第34页/共67页8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis9.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?A.youhaveb
23、oughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina10.Hesaysthatifit_tomorrow,he_fishing.A.willrain,wontgoB.rained,wasntgoC.rains,wontgoD.rain,willgoBCD第35页/共67页The little girl who got lost decided to remain _ she was and wait for her mother.A.where
24、B.what C.how D.who Will you see to _ that the door is closed before you leave.A.what B.it C.when D.that 第36页/共67页将下列句子合并为一句将下列句子合并为一句:1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.2.What will you speak at the meeting?Could you tell me?3.Do they like to go skiing?He asked.4.He is doing his homework.He said
25、.5.He will come back.Tom said.I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?He asked if they liked to go skiing.He said that he was doing his homework.Tom said that he would come back.第37页/共67页6.Is she doing her homework?Jim asked.7.When will he come back
26、?Tom asked.8.How can I get to the station?Could you tell me?9.Why is the train late?Would you tell me?10.Where is Tom?They asked.Tom asked when he would come back.Could you tell me how I can get to the station?Would you tell me why the train is late?They asked where Tom was.Jim asked if she was doin
27、g her homework.第38页/共67页Predicative Clauses 表语从句第39页/共67页表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。另外,常用的还有the reason why is that 和It is because 等结构。例如：第40页/共67页一、表语从句三要素引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词）语语 序序时时 态态第41页/共67页如何区分表语从句？He is a student.主语 谓语 表语The reason is that he is
28、 a student.主语 谓语 表语从句 句子做表语就是表语从句。第42页/共67页.表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后在连系动词之后.作用作用:对主语进行解释说明。对主语进行解释说明。连接词：连接词：that/whether/as if/as though（if 不不 引导引导 表语从句表语从句)连接代词：连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what 连接副词：连接副词：when/where/why/how/because The question is whether we can rely on him.Tha
29、ts because we were in need of money at that time.He looked as if he was going to cry.Thats why I was late.第43页/共67页肯定句：ThatiswhyIwaslate.否定句：ThatisntwhyIwaslate.一般疑问句：Isthatwhyyouwerelate?第44页/共67页由从属连词由从属连词 that 引导的表语从句引导的表语从句由连接代词由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的表语从句
30、引导的表语从句由从属连词由从属连词 whether引导的表语从句引导的表语从句（一）引导词1 12 23 3第45页/共67页由从属连词 whether,as if 引导的表语从句1.Thequestionis_2.Iwonder_.whetheritisworthdoing.whetheritisrightorwrongitwasgoingtorainwhether“是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。asif表似乎，猜测Itlookedasif_第46页/共67页表示好像,犹如The little boy talks as if he were an adult.asif/asthou
31、gh引导的表语从句常置于系动词look,seem,sound,become等后面，可用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气。第47页/共67页e.g.1.What I want to say is that Im sorry.The point is that you should read English aloud.由从属连词that引导的表语从句注注：that 在从句中不能省略第48页/共67页1.That is _.2.That was _.3.The problem is_.4.His trouble is _.what he is worried about why they made a b
32、et how they can get food where he can find his book由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾从代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。第49页/共67页注注 意：意：1.在表语从句中，表在表语从句中，表“是否是否”时，只能用时，只能用“whether”不能用不能用“If”。2.一般情况下，一般情况下，“that”不能省。不能省。3.It is/was be
33、cause.It is/was why.3.The reason(why/for)is/was that.4 The reason is because/whythat .第50页/共67页注意注意表语从句的引导词与宾语从句相同表语从句的引导词与宾语从句相同.但但:1.:1.that引导表语从句时不能省引导表语从句时不能省.2.2.if不能引导表语从句不能引导表语从句.第51页/共67页1.Pleasetellmeyouwillgotothelecturetomorrow.2.Italldependsontheskywillclearup.3.Thequestionisthefilmiswel
34、lworthseeing.4.HewillbewelltomorrowIamnotsure.5.itistrueremainsaproblem.关联词比较whether/ifwhether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether第52页/共67页二、语序二、语序宾语从句的语序用宾语从句的语序用陈述语序陈述语序：连接词连接词+主语主语+谓语谓语+其他成分其他成分第53页/共67页1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?The question is when he will go to thelibrary.The question iswhenwillheg
35、otothelibrary.2.That is what he is worried about.That is what is he worried about.主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）第54页/共67页vIt is where he lives .vIt is where he lived 10 years ago.三、时态1.主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定。第55页/共67页2.2.如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时），从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）vHer wish was t
36、hat she could lose weight soon.vIt looked as if it was going to rain.vThe question was whether his father would come back vtomorrow.vThe reason why he was late was that the train had already left.第56页/共67页名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句在这种句型中，常用表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact,truth 或表示看法，观点的名词，如：idea,opinion,belief,view,feel
37、ing等作主语。如：1.The fact is that our team has won the game.2.The truth is that she was the very person who informed against her husband.第57页/共67页主语是表示建议、命令、要求、计划（suggestion,advice,order,request,proposal,plan）等的名词的时候，表语从句应该用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略。The suggestion is that you(should)win back.第58页/
38、共67页名词从句让步状语从句who表“谁”/whoever表”.”的任何人表”不论谁”what表”什么”“所.的东西”/whatever表”.的任何东西”“无论什么”第59页/共67页who/whoever1.Thecompetitioniscoming.willattendthemeetinghasntbeendecidedyet.2.Ibelievetakespartinthecompetitionwilltryhisbest.what/whatever3.Canyoutellmeyoudliketoorder?4.happens,dontbesurprised.5.Allthefoodh
39、ereisdelicious.Justorderyoulike.whowhoeverwhatwhateverwhatever第60页/共67页1.Thats_thePartycalledonustodo.A.whyB.whatC.howD.that2.Thereasonis_heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.Whether3.Thatis_theywereseparated.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where4.Janeisnolonger_shewasfouryearsago.A.whatB.whichC
40、.thatD.when第61页/共67页5.Goandgetyourcoat.Its_youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewereD.wherethere6.Theproblemis_hehasenoughtime.A.ifB.whetherC./D.that7.Tom is no longer _ he used to be.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where8.Thats _ I cant agree with you.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where第62页/共67页9.This is _ Sara was late for
41、 the meeting.A.why B.what C.how D.that10.This is _ they overcome the difficulties.A.becauseB.howC.whyD.That11.It sounds _ somebody was knocking at the door.A.thatB.whetherC.asifD.where第63页/共67页12.My strongest memory is _ I attended an American wedding.A.howB.whatC.whenD.asif13-Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterdaysgame?-oh,thats_A.whatmakesmeexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcited C.how I feel about itD.whenIfeelexcited第64页/共67页14.-I was ill in bed last week.-Is that _ you had a few days off?A.why B.what C.how D.that第65页/共67页Students book P57 3导学导学 P38-40Assignment第66页/共67页谢谢您的观看！第67页/共67页