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1、宾宾 语语 从从 句句 The Object Clause1.Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（简单句）（简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾语语从从句句连词连词 从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主主 句句（复合句）（复合句）宾语从句的概念：宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语,可以放在及物动词或者介词后面。可以放在及物动词或者介词后面。句子结构：句子结构：主句主句 +连词（引导词）连词（引导词）+宾语从句宾语从句作介词的宾语作介词的宾语He always pays attention towhatever the t
2、eacher says.He talked of how he helped the old man.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么1.引导宾语从句的连接代词主要有：引导宾语从句的连接代词主要有：who,whom,what,which,whatever,whoever等；连接副词主要有：等；连接副词主要有：where,when,how,why等等;连词主要连词主要有有that,if,whether。一、连词（引导词）一
3、、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）1.1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由句），连词由句），连词由句），连词由thatthat引导，因为引导，因为引导，因为引导，因为thatthat在从句中不作在从句中不作在从句中不作在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略或非正式文体中常省略或非正式文体中常省略
4、或非正式文体中常省略vLinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.LinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.vSheShesayssays(that)(that)sheshewontwonttaketakepartpartininthethesportssports meetingnextSunday.meetingnextSunday.vJimJim thoughtthought(that)(that)thethe traintrain waswas likelike a a bigbigmovingparty.mov
5、ingparty.vHeHe saidsaid(that)(that)hehe wouldwould likelike toto seesee thethe headmaster.headmaster.vLilywantedtoknowLilywantedtoknowif/whetherif/whetherhergrandmahergrandmalikedthehandbaglikedthehandbag.Icantdecidewhethertostay.Icantdecidewhethertostay.2.whether和和if都意为都意为“是否是否”，通常情，通常情况下，二者都可以引导宾语
6、从句；但况下，二者都可以引导宾语从句；但在介词之后只能用在介词之后只能用whether,另外，从另外，从句后有句后有ornot或动词不定式时，只能或动词不定式时，只能 用用whether。3.3.当当当当宾宾宾宾语语语语从从从从句句句句是是是是特特特特殊殊殊殊疑疑疑疑问问问问句句句句时时时时，由由由由疑疑疑疑问问问问代代代代词词词词（what,what,who,who,whom,whom,which,which,whosewhose）或或或或疑疑疑疑问问问问副副副副词词词词（when,where,how,whywhen,where,how,why）引导，因为连接代词引导，因为连接代词引导，因为
7、连接代词引导，因为连接代词 或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具 有一定的意义，所以不可以省略有一定的意义，所以不可以省略有一定的意义，所以不可以省略有一定的意义，所以不可以省略.vDoyouknowDoyouknowwhatwhathesaidjustnow?hesaidjustnow?vIdontrememberIdontremember whenwhen wearrived.wearrived.vIaskedhimIaskedhimwherewhereIcouldg
8、etsomuchmoney.Icouldgetsomuchmoney.vPleasetellmePleasetellmewho(whom)who(whom)wehavetosee.wehavetosee.vDoyouknowDoyouknowwhatwhattimetheplaneleaves?timetheplaneleaves?二、时态二、时态1.1.1.1.如果主句是现在的时态如果主句是现在的时态如果主句是现在的时态如果主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时（包括一般现在时（包括一般现在时（包括一般现在时 ，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根现在
9、进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）vIknowheliveshere.Iknowheliveshere.vIknowhelivedheretenyearsago.Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.vIhaveheardthathewillcom
10、etomorrow.Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.2.2.如如如如果果果果主主主主句句句句是是是是过过过过去去去去的的的的时时时时态态态态（包包包包括括括括一一一一般般般般过过过过去去去去时时时时，过过过过去去去去进进进进行行行行时时时时），那那那那么么么么从从从从句句句句的的的的时时时时态态态态一一一一定定定定要要要要用用用用相相相相对对对对应应应应的的的的过过过过去去去去的的的的某某某某种种种种时时时时态态态态（包包包包括括括括一一一一般般般般过过过过去去去去时时时时，过过过过去去去去进进进进行时，过去将来时，行时，过去将来时，行时，过去将来时，行时，过
11、去将来时，过去完成时）过去完成时）过去完成时）过去完成时）vIknewwholivedhere.Iknewwholivedhere.vIsawshewastalkingwithhermother.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.vHeaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebackHeaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.tomorrow.vHesaidthathehadseenit.Hesaidthathehadseenit.3.3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理当从句是客观真理，定义，公理
12、，定理 时用一般现在时。时用一般现在时。vTheteachersaidthatthesuntravelsaroundtheearth.三、语序三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词连接词+主语主语+谓语谓语+其他成分其他成分1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?HisbrotheraskswhenHisbrotheraskswhenthelibrarythelibrary.HisbrotheraskswhenHisbrotheraskswhenthelibrarythelibrary.2.What
13、doeshewanttobuy?2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?IdontknowwhatIdontknowwhatbuy.buy.Idontknowwhatbuy.Idontknowwhatbuy.3.Whoarewegoingtomeet?3.Whoarewegoingtomeet?CanyoutellmewhoCanyoutellmewhomeet?meet?CanyoutellmewhoCanyoutellmewhomeet?meet?hewillgoto willhegoto hewantsto doeshewantsto wearegoingto arewegoingt
14、o 4.DoesheknowFrench?4.DoesheknowFrench?Wewanttoknowif/whetherWewanttoknowif/whetherFrenchFrench.Wewanttoknowif/whetherWewanttoknowif/whetherFrenchFrench.5.WilltheygotoCanadainsummer?5.WilltheygotoCanadainsummer?Theyrenotsureif/whetherTheyrenotsureif/whetherCanadainsummer.Canadainsummer.Theyrenotsur
15、eif/whetherTheyrenotsureif/whetherCanadainsummer.Canadainsummer.heknowsdoesheknowtheywillgotowilltheygoto 1.1.DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?Doyouknow?Doyouknow?2.2.Mr.Mr.SmithSmithhavehavebeenbeenininChinaChinaforforaboutaboutthreethreeyearsyears.JimtoldLinT
16、ao.JimtoldLinTao.Doyouknowif/whetherthestudentshadapicnicDoyouknowif/whetherthestudentshadapicniclastSunday?lastSunday?JimtoldLinTao(that)MrSmithhadbeeninChinaJimtoldLinTao(that)MrSmithhadbeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.foraboutthreeyears.3.WhichbookshouldIreadfirst?3.WhichbookshouldIreadfirst?Pleaset
17、ellme.Pleasetellme.4.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.4.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Ourteachertoldusinyesterdaysclass.Ourteachertoldusinyesterdaysclass.PleasetellmewhichbookIshouldreadfirst.Ourteachertoldus(that)lighttravelsfasterthansoundinyesterdaysclass.1could/would是是委委婉婉语语气气，而而不不是是过过去去式式，因因此此宾宾语语从从句句
18、的的时时态态根根据据实实际际情情况况用用不不同同时态。时态。注意事项vCouldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourCouldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourtickets?tickets?vCouldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?Couldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?vWouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?Wouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?2.如如果果主主句句的的谓谓语语动动词词是是ask时时，连连词词不
19、不可可能能是是that；如如果果主主句句的的谓谓语语动动词词是是say时时，连连词用词用thatvShesays(that)shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.vHesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareofthechild.vHeasksifIlikeplayingthepiano.vYoumayaskthemanovertherehowyoucangettothebusstation.3.如果从句中含有如果从句中含有or或或ornot时，只能时，只能用用whether而不用而不用ifvCouldyoutellmewhetherthatsafas
20、ttrainornot?vDoyouknowwhetherheisrightornot?vIdontcarewhetherhellstayhereornot.4.4.连词连词+宾语从句宾语从句 连词连词+to do+to dovIdontknowwhatIshalldonext.Idontknowwhattodonext.vShedidntdecidewhichoneshewouldchoose.Shedidntdecidewhichonetochoose.vPleasetellmewhomyoullgivetheletterto.Pleasetellmewhomtogivetheletter
21、to.5.有时可用有时可用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从语从句后置。如：句后置。如：Wefounditstrangethatnoonewouldtakethemoney.Hehasmadeitclearthathewouldnotgivein.6.that在引导宾语从句时无词义，也不在引导宾语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，且通常可以省略。但充当任何成分，且通常可以省略。但如果含有两个或两个以上的并列宾语如果含有两个或两个以上的并列宾语从句时，通常只有第一个从句的从句时，通常只有第一个从句的that可以省略，其余从句的可以省略，其余从句的that一般不能一般不能省略。
22、如：省略。如：Myunclesaid(that)hewouldcomeandthathewouldalsobringhisson.7.在第一人称在第一人称I,we与动词与动词think,expect,believe,guess,suppose等连用，后接宾语从句等连用，后接宾语从句时，通常将从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词，时，通常将从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词，形成否定前移形成否定前移如：如：Idontsupposeyoureusedtothisdiet.1.1.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwint
23、er.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whetherA.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.2.Wedontknow_theydidit.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.whichA.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.3.TheThe teacherteacherasksasks usus _ JimJim cancan comecome backback onontime.time.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattimeA.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime 4
24、.4.DoesDoesanybodyanybodyknowknow_wewewillwillhavehavea asportssportsmeetingthisweekendornot.meetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatA.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that DABC5.Iwonder_heiscryingnow.5.Iwonder_heiscryingnow.A.thatB.whyC.howD.whenA.thatB.whyC.howD.when6.Haveyoufoundout_wecandoonHainan6
25、.Haveyoufoundout_wecandoonHainanIsland?Island?A.whatB.howC.ifD.whetherA.whatB.howC.ifD.whether7.Lilysaid_shehadfinishedhercomposition.7.Lilysaid_shehadfinishedhercomposition.A.ifB.thatC.whenD.whereA.ifB.thatC.whenD.where8.Idontknow_hestillliveshere.8.Idontknow_hestillliveshere.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.w
26、hetherA.whereB.whatC.whenD.whetherBABD1.Couldyoushowme_?1.Couldyoushowme_?A.howcanIgettothestationA.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestationD.howIcanreachthestation2.Pleasetellme_.2.Pleasetellme_.A.whatdo
27、eshelikeB.whathedoeslikeA.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike3.Mysistertoldhim_.3.Mysistertoldhim_.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedA.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD4.Couldyoutel
28、lmewherewe_nextweek.4.Couldyoutellmewherewe_nextweek.A.wouldgoB.togoA.wouldgoB.togoC.hadtogoD.willgoC.hadtogoD.willgo5.Couldyoutellmehowmuch_toflyto5.Couldyoutellmehowmuch_toflytoHainan?Hainan?A.doitcostB.doesitcostA.doitcostB.doesitcostC.itcostD.itcostsC.itcostD.itcosts6.Thesmallchildrendontknow_.6
29、.Thesmallchildrendontknow_.A.whatistheirstockingsinA.whatistheirstockingsinB.whatisintheirstockingsB.whatisintheirstockingsC.whereistheirstockingsinC.whereistheirstockingsinD.whatintheirstockingsD.whatintheirstockingsDBD7.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.7.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.
30、A.whoisheB.whoheisA.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitisC.whoisitD.whoitis8.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?8.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?A.youhaveboughtthewatchA.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGr
31、eenerChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina9.Hesaysthatifit_tomorrow,he_fishing.9.Hesaysthatifit_tomorrow,he_fishing.A.willrain,wontgoB.rained,wasntgoA.willrain,wontgoB.rained,wasntgoC.rains,wontgoD.rain,willgoC.rains,wontgoD.rain,willgoBCD1.Couldyoutellmeifthey_(work)1.Couldyoutellmeifthey_(work)i
32、nthefactorysofar.inthefactorysofar.2.Didyourparentstellyouthatthesun_2.Didyourparentstellyouthatthesun_(rise)ineast?(rise)ineast?3.-What_he_(say)justnow?3.-What_he_(say)justnow?I_(notcanhear)him.I_(notcanhear)him.-He_(say)thathe_(plant)-He_(say)thathe_(plant)treeswithhisparentsyesterday.treeswithhis
33、parentsyesterday.4.Canyoutellmewhen_(leave)4.Canyoutellmewhen_(leave)tomorrow?tomorrow?haveworkedhaveworkedrisesrisesdiddidsaysaycouldnthearcouldnthearsaidsaidplantedplantedtoleavetoleave5.Didhesaythattheirparents_5.Didhesaythattheirparents_(come)heretomorrow.(come)heretomorrow.6.Hetoldmetwoweeks_(b
34、e)enough.6.Hetoldmetwoweeks_(be)enough.7.Theteachertoldusthatthesun_(be)7.Theteachertoldusthatthesun_(be)biggerthanthemoon.biggerthanthemoon.8.IthinkI_(tell)youwhat8.IthinkI_(tell)youwhat_(do)next.Dontjuststayhere!_(do)next.Dontjuststayhere!to dowill tell/have toldiswaswould come9.A:Whatareyoustandi
35、ngherefor?9.A:Whatareyoustandingherefor?B:ImwaitingheretoaskMr.JohnsonifheB:ImwaitingheretoaskMr.Johnsonifhe_(give)usatalkonAmerican_(give)usatalkonAmericanhistory.Ifhe_(have)notime,Illhistory.Ifhe_(have)notime,IllaskMr.Smithistead.askMr.Smithistead.10.A:DoyouknowwhenMrGreen_10.A:DoyouknowwhenMrGreen_(come)toseeusnextmonth?(come)toseeusnextmonth?B:Dontworry.I_(tell)youwhenheB:Dontworry.I_(tell)youwhenhereally_(come)here.really_(come)here.willgivewillgivehashaswillcomewillcomewilltellwilltellcomescomesTHE ENDTHE END