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1、关系副词关系副词where引导定语从句，修饰表示引导定语从句，修饰表示地点的先行词，在定语从句中充当地点状地点的先行词，在定语从句中充当地点状语。语。相当于相当于“介词介词+关系代词关系代词(which)”。This is the office where he worked.这就是他工作过的办公室。这就是他工作过的办公室。We visited the house where Lu Xun once lived.我们参观了鲁迅故居。我们参观了鲁迅故居。关系副词关系副词whereHarvard is a world-famous university where Wang An got his
2、Doctor degree.The place _ we visited yesterday is a school for disabled children.which/thatHarvard is a world-famous university.There Wang An got his Doctors degree关系副词关系副词when关系副词关系副词 when引导定语从句修饰表示时引导定语从句修饰表示时间的先行词，在定语从句中充当时间状语。间的先行词，在定语从句中充当时间状语。相当于相当于“介词介词+关系代词关系代词(which)”。I still remember the d
3、ay when I first met Jennifer.我仍然记得第一次见到詹妮弗的那一天。我仍然记得第一次见到詹妮弗的那一天。We still remembered the days when we travelled together.The time _ I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.whenin which(=in the days)=关系副词关系副词why引导限定性定语从句修饰先引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词行词reason，在定语从句中充当原因状语。，在定语从句中充当原因状语。I
4、dont know the reason why he came so late.我不知道他来得那么晚的原因。我不知道他来得那么晚的原因。That is the reason why I dont want to go.那就是我不想去的理由。那就是我不想去的理由。关系副词关系副词whywhy=for whichtime修饰时间修饰时间place修饰地点修饰地点reason修饰原因修饰原因why(=for which)where(=in/at which)when(=at/in/on which)Function in the clauseReferring to The relative ad
5、verb (关系副词）关系副词）when where why8.8.我永远都不会忘记我们在一起度过的那些日子。我永远都不会忘记我们在一起度过的那些日子。9.9.我永远不会忘记我们聚集在一起的那些日子。我永远不会忘记我们聚集在一起的那些日子。10.10.这就是他去年参观的那工厂。这就是他去年参观的那工厂。11.11.这就是他去年工作过的那工厂。这就是他去年工作过的那工厂。12.12.那就是他常迟到的原因。那就是他常迟到的原因。Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.that/whichIll never forget the days _we
6、got together.whenThis is the factory _ he visited last year.This is the factory _ he worked last yearthat whichwherein whichThat is the reason _ he is often late.whyfor whichin which_vi._vt.spend vt.Ex:用用“介词介词+which”来替换关系副词来替换关系副词 when,where,why 1)There are occasions when one makes a mistake.任何人都有犯错
7、误的时候。任何人都有犯错误的时候。2)Beijing is the place where I was born.3)Is this the reason why he argued with us?4)Do you still remember the first day when you came to the school?on whichin whichfor whichon which His father died in the year when he was born.cf:His father died the year he was born.5.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了他
8、父亲在他出生那年逝世了状语从句状语从句介词后面的关系代词不能省略介词后面的关系代词不能省略注意注意:某些动词短语某些动词短语(如动副结构如动副结构),不可把他们分割使用不可把他们分割使用,也就是不可以使用也就是不可以使用“介词介词whom/which”结构结构1.The chair(which/that)she is sitting on is made of wood.2)Is this the book which you are looking for?The chair on which she is sitting is made of wood.X for不能与不能与 look分开
9、分开Is this the book for which you are looking?“介词介词whom”There are 60 students in our class,some of whom are under 16.There are 60 students in our class.Some of them are under 16.A.与先行词的搭配关系与先行词的搭配关系1).I will never forget the day _ I joined the army.2)I will never forget the year _ my son went to coll
10、ege.3)I got home at 7:00 p.m.yesterday,_ most people had had supper.on whichin whichby which“介词介词whom/which”引导定语从句时，引导定语从句时，介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素“介词介词whom/which”引导定语从句时，引导定语从句时，介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素B.与谓语动词的搭配习惯与谓语动词的搭配习惯1）Have you found the book _ I paid 29 US dollars?2)Hav
11、e you found the book _ I spent 29 US dollars?3)Have you found the book _ we learnt a lot?4)Have you found the book _ she often talks?for whichon whichfrom whichabout which1)There are 100 teachers in our school,60_ are women teachers.2)He has three children,two _ work as teachers.3)That table has fou
12、r legs,all _ are very short.4)Im painting a house,the roof _ is round.whose roof 5)They live in a house,_ windows face south.of whomof whomof whichof whichwhosethe windows of whichEx:Fill in the blanks1.The country is in the situation _(战争随时将会爆发战争随时将会爆发).The country is in the situation.A war will br
13、eak out at any time in the situation.一些特殊词之后的一些特殊词之后的where解析：如果定语从句分别修饰解析：如果定语从句分别修饰point,position,state,situation,condition和和case等表示抽象意义等表示抽象意义的词，常用的词，常用where 引导，意思是引导，意思是“到了某种地步，到了某种地步，在某种境况中在某种境况中”。where a war will break out at any timesituationwhere引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是 表示地点的名词，但也有特
14、殊情况。表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。2.There are occasions_ one makes a mistake.任何人都有犯错误的时候。任何人都有犯错误的时候。解析：如果先行词是解析：如果先行词是occasion,且在句中作状语，且在句中作状语，常用常用when引导，意思是引导，意思是“时刻，时候时刻，时候”whenPractice of the Attributive clauseEx1.Join two sentences into one:1.The boy is my brother.He helped me.The boy who helped me is my bro
15、ther.2.The film is interesting.They saw it last night.The film(that/which)they saw last night is interesting.3.The students will not pass the exam.They dont work hard.The students who dont work hard will not pass the exam.Practice 11.All that glitters is not gold.2.All is well that ends well.3.He wh
16、o laughs last laughs best.4.He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。不到长城非好汉。5.He who knows others is learned,and he who knows himself is wise.知人者智，自知者明。知人者智，自知者明。闪光的并不都是金子。闪光的并不都是金子。结局好，一切都好。结局好，一切都好。谁笑到最后谁笑到最好。谁笑到最后谁笑到最好。Put these proverbs into ChineseEx 2:Fill in the blanks.1.
17、I still remember the day _ we spent in the forest.2.I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing.3.The factory _ we will visit is large.4.The factory _ his father works is large.5.Ill never forget the time _ we work on the farm.6.This is the house _ we lived last year.that/whichWhenon whichtha
18、t/whichwhere/in whichwhen/at whichWherein whichEx 1:Fill in the blanks:1.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle _ were in the fields.2.The wind blew down the tallest tree _ is in front of our school gate.3.This is the very thing _ I was looking for.4.This is the second novel _ I have ever
19、 read.5.There is nothing in the world _ can frighten me.6.All _ can be done has been done.7.Who is the man _ is reading under the tree?8.My hometown is not the same one _ it used to be twenty years ago.thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatWhat cf:the same.asPractice 2Ex2:用介词关系代词填空用介词关系代词填空1.The boy was s
20、taying in the room _window he could climb down.2.Hes the man _ I learnt the news.3.Whos the comrade _ you just shook hands.4.There are 52 students in our class,_ nearly 40 are League members.5.I know a lady the husband _ is a Nobel Prize winner.6.Do you know the driver who caused the traffic acciden
21、t _ a man was killed.7.This is the way _ she studies English.through whosefrom whomwith whomof whomof whomin which(that)in which 8.The 5 yuan_ he bought the book was given by his friend.9.The story about Shakespeare,_ this is one example,is well written.10.The old man always wears his glasses _ he c
22、ant see anything.11.The key_ she was opening the door broke.12.The library _ we often go on Sundays is not far from our school.13.No one know the reason _ she is leaving so early.14.At last they came to a river _ a new bridge is being built.for whichof whichwithout whichwith whichto whichfor whichov
23、er whichEx:定语从句对比练习定语从句对比练习Complete the following sentences:1.a)Is this the school _ you visited last year?b)Is this school _ _ you visited last year?2.a)He is one of the students who _ good at maths.b)He is the only one of the students who _ good at maths.3.a)The girl _ I think was honest lied to m
24、e.b)The girl _ I think to be honest lied to me.4.a)China is no longer _ she was 10 years ago.b)China is no longer the country _ she was 10 years ago.(that/which)the oneareiswhowhomwhatthatPractice 35.a)The radio I bought yesterday is quite different from_ _ you bought last month.b)The radio I bought
25、 yesterday is quite different from _ you bought last month.6.a)Do you still remember the hotel _ _ we lived last summer holiday?b)Do you still remember the park _ _we visited last summer holiday?7.a)This is the room _ my grandmother used to lived in.b)This is the room _ _ my grandmother used to live
26、d.the onewhatin which (that/which)(which/that)in which8.a)He has two sons,and both of _ work as actors.b)He has two sons,both of _ work as actors.9.a)China has hundreds of islands,_ _ Taiwan is the largest.b)China has hundreds of islands,the largest _ is Taiwan.10.a)This is the house _ _ the window
27、was broken yesterday.b)This is the house _ window was broken yesterday.11.He is the teacher _ _ help we have made great progress.themwhomof whichof whichof whichwhosewith whoseCorrect the mistakes,if any.1.The man just said hello to me is my chemistry teacher.who2.Who is the comrade you just shook hands with him.3.Egypt is a country where is famous for its pyramids.(which)4.This is the best dictionary which I have ever used.(that)5.The house where we live in is not very large.(which/that)6.The house that it was built in 1970 stayed up in the earthquake.Thank you!