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1、Grammar and usage江苏省新沂市第三中学 林浩由关系副词引导限制性定语从句精讲1.定义：限制性定语从句（restrictive relative clause）指修饰名词，代词或名词短语的从句，对所修饰的对象加以限制，表示.的（人）或.的（物）。从句不可去掉，一旦去掉，主句的意思则不完整。被修饰的名词、代词或名词短语称为先行项或先行词（antecedent）。2.定语从句可由关系副词（relative adverbs）when、where、why引导，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。3.关系副词的用法（1）when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语时间状语，它的先行词通常有time、da
2、y、morning、night、week、year、moment、period等。例：I still remember the time when I first became a college student.例：Do you know the date when Lincoln was born？注意：当occasion表示“（特定的）时刻；场合”，即为抽象意义的“时间”时，关系副词用when。例：“Describe an occasion when you had to give a presentation to the audience.（2）where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状
3、语地点状语，它的先行词通常有place、spot、street、house、room、city、town、country、world等。例：This is the hotel where they are staying.例：I forget the house where the Smiths lived.注意：当point、situation、case、condition、stage（阶段）等表达“情况，境地，场合”等抽象意义的地点时，关系副词用where。例：We were put into a position where we had either to accept we were
4、 less important，or fight the organisation.我们被置于这样一个境地，要么接受自己不那么重要，要么与组织抗争。（3）why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reasonreason。例：That is the reason why he is leaving so soon.（4）在正式场合，关系副词when、where、why可以用“介词介词+which”+which”代替。when=on(in,at,during.)+which例：I was in Beijing on the day when（=on which）he arrived.where=in(a
5、t,on.)+which例：The office where（=in which）he works is on the third floor.why=for which（固定不变）This is the chief reason why（=for which）we did it.（5）当先行词是表示时间的time、day等和表示地点的place、house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构。从句结构完整为状语，不完整为定语。从句结构完整为状语，不完整为定语。例：Ill never forget the day when my hometown was liberated（解放）.（作状语）例：I
6、ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer.（作定语，宾语）例：His father works in a factory where radio parts are made.（作状语）例4：His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts.（作定语，主语）（6）when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句；而whywhy只能引导限制性定语从句。例：He will put off the picnic unti
7、l May 1st,when he will be free.他将把野餐推迟到5月1日，那时他有空例：They went to London,where they lived for six months.例：Do you know the reason why the sky is blue？（7）复杂介词：by means ofby means of（通过（通过.的方式）、的方式）、as a result ofas a result of（因为（因为.）、）、in front ofin front of、all ofall of、most ofmost of等.例：The instrume
8、nt by means of which the temperature is measured is called theromometer.用来测量温度的仪器叫做温度计。5.用适当关系词填空(1)We went to a remote village last weekend _ turns out to be a place with beautiful scenery.(2)Hawking believes the earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gradually.(3)When youre a
9、round 17,your brain has reached the point _you can easily make wise decisions.(4)I can still remember the moment _ I was admitted to our school.which/thatwherewherewhen(5)The museum will open in the spring with a viewing platform _ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.(6)2022新高考The GPN
10、P is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _ live within the Giant Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area(7)Kate,_ sister I shared a room with when we were at college,has gone to work in Australia.(8)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programm
11、e,one of _ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.(9)But I recently came across a study _ shows why his approach works.wherethatwhosewhosethat/whcih7.用适当的关系词完成下列短文The Laba Festival is the day 1._there is a custom of eating Laba porridge in most parts of China.The reason 2._it is celebrated on t
12、he eighth day of the twelfth month of the lunar Chinese calendar is that La is the name given to the 12th lunar month and 8 is pronounced as ba in Chinese.There are several legends about its origin,most of 3._are not true.However,what we know today is that this festival started as a time 4._ the anc
13、ient Chinese used to pray for a bountiful harvest and good luck as well for the coming year.During this festival,people often eat Laba porridge 5._is made of rice,millet,bean,cowpea,peanut,and porkwhichwhenwhenwhichwhy以上为由关系副词引导限制性定语以上为由关系副词引导限制性定语以上为由关系副词引导限制性定语以上为由关系副词引导限制性定语从句精讲，谢谢观赏！从句精讲，谢谢观赏！从句精讲，谢谢观赏！从句精讲，谢谢观赏！