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1、1/3 Reading comprehension skills-How to get the main idea of passage Two main tasks when youre reading Collect useful information 收集信息 Deal with the information 处理信息 主旨大意题 常见的测试题题干：The main idea of the passage is _ The conclusion we can draw from the story is _ Which of the following is the best tit
2、le?_ The main purpose of the story is to tell us _ 主旨大意题解题妙招 第一招 寻找主题句，确定文章主题 文章的“形状”A、正三角形写作法 开门见山,提出主题,随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。演绎法写作法 B、倒三角形写作法 文尾(主题句)归纳法写作法 C、菱形写作法 文首提出问题 _文中导出主题_解释，支撑，发展 D、正方形写作法 无明显主题句（隐含在全文中）读者要把所有的细节综合起来，进行逻辑推理，概括归纳出主题句 第二招 掌握三原则，确定文章标题 1、概括性原则：(Generality)要求标题在最大限度上覆盖全文，囊
3、括主要内容，体现主旨。忌：本末倒置，主次不分 2、针对性原则：(Directionality)是对标题外延的一种界定不能太大，也不能太小 3、醒目性原则:(Attracting Attention)标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂。醒目，甚至离奇吸引读者注意力 1.Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health.Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer.Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness),cancer,ci
4、garette smoking also can cause other health problems.For example,it can give one a“smokers cough”.Finally,studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds.Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer,cancer,smoking is harmful.Is it worth it?（1）Whats the main idea of the p
5、assage?A.Smoking can cause cancer.。B.Smoking is a terrible killer C.Smoking is harmful to our health.D.An experiment on smoking.2.Often no one looks more guilty than the innocent.On the other hand,nobody may look more innocent than a professional criminal.And the man who knows“everything”may really
6、only be trying to hide his own weakness.So,it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearance.（1 分钟）What is the main idea of the passage?A.A professional criminal looks more innocent than others.B.Dont judge others by appearance.C.Try to hide ones own weakness.D.All of us can judge others
7、.3.If you were planning to buy a television set,the following advertisement would certainly draw 2/3 your attention:“Color TV.Only 79.Two days sale.Hurry.”However,when you go to the store ready to buy.You may discover that they are sold out.But the shop assistant is quick to tell you that he has ano
8、ther model.A much better set which is“just right for you”It costs 395.This sales method is called“bait and switch”.Buyers are baited with a sales advertisement,and then they are switched to another more expensive one.(2 分钟)The paragraph could be entitled _.A.Buying A TV SetB.A Selling Method C.Buyer
9、 Beware D.TV On Sale 4.Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation.He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors.Harvard Law School and,later,Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background.He is presently a corpo
10、ration lawyer in Miami,Florida.（2 分钟）The main idea of this paragraph is that _.A.Tom,who had studied at Paris Universities for four years,moved to another university.B.Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College.C.Tom was an excellent student when h
11、e studied at Berlin university.D.Tom received an excellent education.5.A couple of years ago I took the family on a winter vacation to New York city to experience the holiday atmosphere.The longest lines that week werent in the hall of the empire state building,at the Statue of Liberty ferry or any
12、of New Yorks other landmarks,but in the square at Fifth avenue and 58 Street,where the crowd to get into FAO Schwarz(a toy store)snaked around the block.The author wants to tell us _ in this Para.A.the distribution of people.B.the poor traffic conditions.C.the popularity of a toy store D.the nice ho
13、liday atmosphere 6.Magellans men were the first to make the trip around the world.It took them more than two years to do so by ship.Magellan was from Portugal,but he sailed for the King of Spain.On September 20,1519,he left Spain with five ships and 240 men.After passing the trip of South America,th
14、ey reached the Pacific Ocean,on which they sailed more than one year.Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water.Many of them died of hunger and diseases.They even had to live on sawdust.Finally in April 1521,Magellan got t
15、o the Philippine Islands,where he was killed.His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean.It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope.By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521,seven out of every eight men had died.Magellans voyage proved
16、 that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.（4）Which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage?A.Magellans death B.Going Around The World C.The World Is Round D.Magellans Voyage 课堂自我评价(Check your notes)本节课我了解了以下内容/方法：3/3 1、阅读理解题型：（1）_（2）_（3）_（4）_ 2、可通过寻找_来确定文章主题。文章主题 常可通过文章的写作方法来体现。常见的有：A、_写作法；B、_写作法；C、_写作法；D、_写作法；3、确定文章最佳标题的三个原则是：（1）_原则（2）_原则（3）_原则 要避免的问题（1）一叶障目，不见泰山。要站在_的立场上纵观全文。（2）_的观点强加给_。只有准确把握_的写作目的，顺着_的思路，才能得出正确的结论。（3）_分配不合理。应先_后_。（4）_不恰当。习惯一个单词一个单词地读，导致阅读的速度太慢。应_并用，按_ 去读句子。寻找_信息，_多余信息。（5）过于_，潦草从事。要看完全部选项再做选择。