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1、托班英语成语故事教案:不合时宜托班英语成语故事教案:投鼠忌器 Donotburnyouhousetogetridofamouse thereisastoryinHanshutellingofarichman,whobeingaloverofsandhadalargecollection.Amongthemwasararevasemadeofjade.Thevaseofexquisiteworkmanshipandofhistoricalvalueandheloveditdearly.Onenighthenoticedamousepassingnearthepreciousvase.Themou
2、sejumpedintothevaseandwastryingtoeatsomefoodwhichthemanhadcarelesslyleftthere.Thesighinfuriatedthemanandinafitofragehethrewastoneatthemouse.Forsure,themousewaskilled,butthepreciousvasewasbrokenalso.ThelossofthevasepainedthemanGREatlyandhedeeplyregrettedhisownthoughtlessness,whichboughthimthisunrecov
3、erableloss.Henowrealizedthatanyone,whocaresforthepresentandoverlooksconsequencesisapttobringdisastersuponhimself.Soheexclaimedtowarnpeoplebysayingdonotburnyouhousetogetridofamouse. 投鼠忌器 汉书中有这么个故事:有个富人,很喜爱古董并保藏了许多。其中有一件稀有的玉盂,工艺精湛,具有很高的历史价值,深受这个富人的宠爱。一天晚上,一只老鼠跳进了这个玉盂,想去吃里边的一些剩菜,正好被这个富人看到了。他特别恼火,盛怒之下,他
4、拿了块石头砸向老鼠。当然,老鼠是被砸死了,可是那个宝贵的玉盂也被打破了。这件事使富人特别难受,他深深懊悔自己的鲁莽带来的不行挽回的损失。他相识到只考虑眼前,而忽视后果,将给自己带来灾难。他向世人发出警告,不要为了除掉一只老鼠而烧毁自己的房子。 托班英语成语故事教案:李代桃僵 Thisidiomcomesfromaoldfolksong.thelasttwostanzasgolikethis: Onefamilyhasfivebrothers,allservingtoaministerasattendants.Everyfivedays,theygobackhomeforareunion,dec
5、oratingtheirhorsesandgarmentswithshininggold.Theyviewitheachotherforostentationandextravagance,attractingcrowdsofonlookersalongtheroad. Nowthereisapeachtreebyawell,andaplumtreenexttoit.Whenwormscometognawattherootofthepeachtree,theplumtreeinvitesthemtognawatitsownroot.Finally,theplumdies,ossified. E
6、ventreesknowhowtosacrificeforothertrees,whycantbrothersdothesame? 李代桃僵 这个成语来自于一首古老的民歌。歌曲的最终两段说的是: 一户人家有兄弟五人,都在一个大官的家中做仆人。每隔五天,他们会回家团聚一次。他们用金子装饰马匹和衣服,吸引了很多路人来看。五人互不相让,相互比较谁的排场大。 如今一口井边有一棵桃树,桃树旁是一棵李树。有虫子来咬桃树的根,李树便让虫子来咬自己的根。最终,李树变得僵硬,枯死了。 连树都知道为了别的树牺牲自己,为什么兄弟之间反而做不到呢? 托班英语成语故事教案:害群之马 thehorsewhichdoesh
7、armtotheherd-Ablacksheep Itwasaboutfourthousandyearsago.Huangdi(YellowEmperor)-thefirstlegendaryrulerinChinawenttothecountrysidetovisitanoldfriendwithhisentourage.Theymetaboykeepingwatchoveraherdofhorsesontheirway. Huangdiaskedtheboy,Doyouknowthewaytomyfriendsvillagefarawayfromhere? theboysaidyes. t
8、hentheemperorasked,Doyouknowmyfriend? theanswerwasyesagain. Huangdithoughttheboywasbroad-minded.Soheaskedhim,Doyouknowhowtoruleacountry? theboysaid,Thereislittledifferencebetweenrulingacountryandwatchingoveraherdofhorses.Yousimplyhavetodrivethewildhorsesoutoftheherd. theemperorleft,broodingoverthebo
9、yswords. theidiomistakenfromwhattheboysaidandisusedtodescribeanyonewhohasabadinfluenceonhispeers. 害群之马 大约四千年前,黄帝传闻中中国的第一个帝王,带着随从去乡村探望他的一个老挚友。路上,他们遇到了一个看管马群的小男孩。 由于去挚友的村庄路途遥远,黄帝就问小男孩:你知不知道村庄的路?那儿住着我的一个挚友。 男孩说知道。 黄帝又问男孩:认不相识我的挚友? 男孩回答相识。 黄帝想这小孩懂这么多,于是问他:你知道该怎样治理国家吗? 男孩说:治理国家的方法和看管一群马差不多。只要把野马从马群里赶出去就行
10、了。 黄帝离开时始终想着小男孩的话。 成语害群之马出自于这个小男孩说的话,用来形容给集体带来坏影响的人。 托班英语成语故事教案:骑虎难下 骑虎难下这个成语用来比方做事中途遇到很大困难,但形势所迫,又不能中止。 WhenOneRidesaTigerItisHardtoDismount YangJianwastheregentofthelastkingofNorthernZhou(557-581).Hiswifeadvisedhim:NorthernZhouisdying.Nowitisasifyouareridingonthebackofatiger.Itwillbedangeroustodis
11、mount.Youcandonothingbutcontinue.YangJianthoughtthisquitereasonable.Later,hefoundedtheSuiDynasty,andunitedChinaoncemore. Thisidomisusedasametaphormeaningthatoneisinadifficultsituationandcannothelpbutontinuetopursueonessourse. 托班英语成语故事教案:南辕北辙 后来人们就把这个故事概括为南辕北辙。比方一个人的行动和他的目的正好相反。 GoingSouthbyDrivingth
12、eChariotNorth Onceamanwantedtogotothesouth,buthiscarriagewasheadingnorth.Apasser-byaskedhim:Ifyouaregoingtosouth,whyisyourchariotheadingnorth?Themaanswered,Myhorseisgoodatrunning,Mydriverishighlyskilledatdrivingacarriage,adIhaveenoughmoney.Themandidintconsiderthatthedirectionmightbewrong;thebetterhi
13、sconditionswere,therfurtherhewasawayfromhisdestination. Theidiomderivedfroimthisstoryindicatesthatonesactionwastheoppositeeffecttoonesintention. 托班英语成语故事教案:起死回生 Oneday,heheardaboutthesuddendeathoftheprinceoftheStateofGuowhenhewaspassingthecountry.Heinquiredaboutthecaseoftheprincefromanofficial.Thenh
14、edecidedtheprincewasntdead,butwassufferingastrangeillness.Hetoldtheofficialhecouldsavetheprinceandbringhimbacktolife.Heaskedtheofficialtotakehimtothecapital.Atfirst,theofficialrejected.ButhewassoinsistentthattheofficialaGREedtoreportittotheKing.SincetherewasnoanyotherwaytheKinghadtoletBianhaveatry.B
15、ianusedacupuncturetherapyandtheprincerespondedinnotime.Thenhecontinuedtoprescribesomemedicineforahotcompress.Immediately,theprincesatup.Beforeheleft,Biangave20dosesofmedicinetotheprince.Andtheprincerecoveredcompletelyin20days. Later,peopleusetheidiomtopraisetheexcellentskillofadoctor. 起死回生 很久以前,有个名医
16、叫扁鹊。他经常四处采药,医治病人。 有一次,他经过一个小国,听说太子刚死。他就向一位官员打听太子的病情,听完以后,他断定太子只是得了一种怪病,并没有死。于是,他就告知那位官员他能救活太子,让他去告知国王。官员起初不同意,后来在他的一再坚持下,那位官员就去向国王禀告了。国王此时已没有别方法,于是,就答应让扁鹊一试。扁鹊进宫后,来到太子的身旁,拿出一些针刺在太子的穴位上,不一会儿,太子就醒悟过来。接着他又给太子敷了一些药,太子就坐起来了。后来,他给太子开了20天的药。20天后,太子就完全康复了。 后来,人们就用起死回生来比方那些很精通医术的医生。 托班英语成语故事教案:拔苗助长 拔苗助长这个成语,
17、现在多写成拔苗助长,比方违反事物发展的客观规律,急于求成,反而把事情弄糟。 PullingUpSeedingstoHelpThemGrow IntheSpringandAutumnPeriod,therewasafarmerwhowasimpatientbynature.Hethoughthisriceshootsweregrowingtooslowly,sohedecidedtohelpthembypullingthem.Onedayatdusk,hewentbackhomedog-tiredandsaidtohisfamily:Ihelpedthericeshootsgrowtoday.H
18、earingthis,hissonhurriedtothefield,onlytofindthatalltheplantshadwithered. Thisidiomisnowoftenwritten拔苗助长.Itreferstospoilingthingsbecauseofbeingover-anxiousforresultsandignoringthelawofnature. 托班英语成语故事教案:完美无缺 这个成语用来比方处理事情非常周密,不露一点痕迹。也比方诗文写得很精辟,找不出一点毛病。 DivineGarmentsWithoutSeams TherewasamancalledGuo
19、HanintheTangDynasty(618-907).Onesummernight,whenthemoonwasverybrighthesuddenlysawagirldescendingslowlyfromthesky.Heobservedthegirlclosely,andfoundthatthedressshewaswearingwasseamless.Hewaspuzzled,andaskedwhy.Thegirlanswered,Heavenlyclothesarenotsewnwithneedleandthread. Thisidiomisusedmetaphoricallyt
20、oindicatetheflawlesshandlingofthings.Itcanalsobeusedtoindicateaperfectlywrittenpoemorotherliteraryarticle. 托班英语成语故事教案:滥竽充数 Betherejusttomakeupthenumber DuringtheWarringStatesPeriod(475-221BC),theKingoftheStateofQiwasveryfondoflisteningtoyuensembles.Heoftengottogether300yuplayerstoformagrandmusic.The
21、kingtreatedhismusicianverywell.AmannamedNanguoheardaboutthatandhemanagedtobecomeamemberoftheband,eventhoughhewannotgoodatplayingtheinstrumentatall.Wheneverthebandplayedfortheking,Nanguojuststoodinthelineandpretendedtoplay.Nobodyrealizedhewasmakingnosoundatall.Asaresult,heenjoyedhistreatmentjustasthe
22、othermusiciandid.Whenthekingdied,hissonbecamethenewrulerwhoalsolikedthemusicplayedontheyu.However,hepreferredsolossothatheorderedthemusicianstoplaytheyuonebyone.Therefore,Nanguohadtorunoutofthepalace. theidiomBetherejusttomakeupthenumberisusedtomocksomeonewhopassesforaspecialist.Youcanalsohearpeople
23、sayingitaboutthemselvestoshowtheirmodesty. 滥竽充数 战国时,齐宣王喜爱听竽,通常是三百人的大合奏。因为他赐予乐师特别优厚的待遇,所以一个叫南郭的人尽管并不擅长吹竽,也设法混进乐队。当乐队演奏时,他就站在队伍里假装也在吹。没有人留意到其实他连一点声音也没吹出来,所以南郭也享受到和其他乐师一样的待遇。宣王死后,他的儿子继承了王位。他也喜爱听竽,可是他喜爱听独奏,让乐师一个个吹给他听,于是南郭不得不逃跑了。 滥竽充数这个成语用来讪笑那些没有真正才能,混在行家里的人。人们有时也用滥竽充数来表示自谦。 托班英语成语故事教案:大公无私 Perfectlyimpa
24、rtial DuringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770-476BC),averynobleofficialcaledQiHuangyanglivedintheStateofJin.Oneday,thekingsummonedhimtocourtandasked,NowthatthemagistratepositionofNanyangcountyisvacant,whodoyouthinkissuitableforthepost? XieHuistherightmanforthejob,Qirepliedwithouthesitation. Surprised,the
25、kingasked,DidyousayXieHu?Ithoughthesyourenemy.Whydidyourecommendhimtotakesuchanimportantposition? Smiling,QiHuangyangsaid,YourMajestydidntaskmemypersonalopinionsoXieHu.YousimplyaskedmewhoIthoughtwouldbecompetentfortheposition.ThereforeIrecommendedXieHu. thekingfollowedQisadviceandmadeXieHumagistrate
26、ofNanyangcounty.Andsureenough,XieHuadministeredthecountyverywellandwonrespectfromlocalpeopleandhiscolleagues. Somedayslater,thekingagainaskedQiHuangyangforhisopinions.Thistime,thekingwastryingtofindasuitablecandidateforacourtjudgeposition.QiHuangyiangrecommendedQiWuforthejob.Onceagain,thekingwassurp
27、risedagainbytherecommendationbecauseQiWuwasthesonofQiHuangyang.Thekingasked:Whodoyourecommendyourson?Arentyouafraidpeoplewillgossip? QiHuangyangreplied,YourMajesty,youaskedmewhowasthemostcapablepersonforthepositionofajudge,andIthinkQiWuis. AlthoughthekingwasabithesitantaboutmakingQiWuthejudge,heneve
28、rthelessgavehimtheposition.Asitturnedout,QiWuwasanuprightandtalentedjudge,whopeopleGREatlyrespected. QiHuangyangsactionswerepraisedbyConfuciuswhosaid,QiHuangyangwasright.Herecommendedpeopleaccordingtotheirabilitiesandtalents,notbecauseofpersonalsentiments,notbecauseoffearingothersgossip.Therefore,pe
29、oplelikeQiHuangyangarereferredtoaspeoplewithoutselfishmotives. FromConfuciouscommentcametheidiomUnselfish.AnyonewhohandlesaffairsfairlyandimpartiallycanbedescribedasUnselfish;Perfectlyimpartial. 大公无私 春秋时,晋国有位品行特别高尚的大臣祁黄羊。有一次,晋王召祁黄羊入宫问他:南阳县缺个县令,你看,应当派谁去当比较合适呢?祁黄羊毫不迟疑地回答说:解狐去,最合适了。平公惊异的问他:你是说解狐?他不是你的仇
30、人吗?你为什么还要举荐他担当这么重要的职位? 祁黄羊笑着说:陛下只问我什么人能够胜任这个职位,并没有问我对解狐的个人看法呀!因此我举荐解狐。于是,晋王接受了他的建议,派解狐到南阳县去上任了。当然,解狐到任后,治理有方,他的同僚和当地百姓都敬重他。 过了一些日子,平公又向祁黄羊征求看法。这回,晋王想找个合适的人选担当朝廷法官。祁黄羊举荐了祁午。平公又惊奇起来了,因为祁午是祁黄羊的儿子。他问道:你怎么举荐你的儿子,不怕别人讲闲谈吗?祁黄羊说:陛下只问我谁最是合适的,我认为祁午是。 尽管晋王还有些迟疑,他还是派了祁午去做法官。事实证明,祁午是个正直,有才能的法官,很受人们的爱戴。孔子听说这两件事,非
31、常赞扬祁黄羊。孔子说:祁黄羊是对的。他举荐人,完全是以才能做标准,不因为个人偏见,便不举荐他;也不因为怕人争论,便不举荐。像黄祁羊这样的人,才够得上说大公无私啦! 大公无私这个成语就是由孔子的评论而来的,用来形容那些公正无私处理事物的人。 托班英语成语故事教案:黔驴技穷 这个成语比方仅有的一点本领也用完了,在没有别的方法了。 TheGuizhouDonkeyHasExhaustedItsTricks InancienttimestherewerenodonkeysinGuizhouprovince.Somebodybroughtadonkeyfromsomewhereandtiedittoat
32、reeatthefootofamountain.Atigersawthedonkey,andthoughtthatitmustbeafearsomemonster.Ithidebehindatreeandspiedonthedonkey.Whenthedonkeybrayed,thetigerwasfrightened,thinkingthatthedonkeywasabouttodevourit.Afterawhile,seeingthatthedonkeyhadnotmoved,thetigerapproacheditandteasedit.Thedonkeybecameangry,and
33、kickedthetiger.Thetigerthoughttoitself:Itthenallitiscapableof?Itthenjumpedonthedonkeyandateit. Thisidiomisusedtomeanthatonehasexhausetedonesskills. 托班英语成语故事教案:画龙点睛 这个成语用来比方讲话或写文章时,在关键地方加一两句重要的话,使内容更加生动有力。 PuttingtheFinishingTouchtothePictureofaDragon IntheSouthernandNorthernDynastiesPeriod(420-589),
34、therewasapaintercalledZhangZengyou.Oncehevisitedatempleandpaintedonthewallfourdragons,butgavenoneofthemeyes.Theonlookersfeltthatwasodd,andaskedwhyhehadntpaintedtheeyes.Heanswered:Eyesarecrucialfordragons.withtheeyespaintedon,thedragonswouldflyaway.Nobodybelievedthis,soZhangZengyoutookuphisbrushandad
35、dedeyestotwoofthedragons.Nosoonerhadhefinishedthanthetwodragonsflewintotheskyamidathunderstorm.Thetwowithouteyesstayedpaintedonthewall. Thisidiomisusedtodescribehow,whenwritingorspeaking,oneortwokeysentenceswillenhancethecontents. 托班英语成语故事教案:惊弓之鸟 Oneday,ashewasstandingbythesideoftheKingofWei,aflocko
36、fswangeesewereflyingover.Withconfidence,GengYingsaidtotheking,Thetwangofmybow-stringmightbringdownabird.TheKingdoubtedmuch.Justthenasolitaryswangooseappeared,lowandslowinitsflight,sadanddolorousinitscry.InstantlyGengYingbendedhisbowandforciblypulledthebowstring.Twang!Highupwentheshrillingsoundintoth
37、eairanddownfellthebirdtotheground.Thekingadmiredwithbewilderment.GangYingthenexplained:Thebirdwasflyinglowandslow,becauseitwasalreadyhurt;itwascryinginabittertone,becauseithadlostitscompanions.Duetothefactthatitwasalreadyhurtandsadatheart,thetwangofmystrongbow,thatbirdsdreadedmost,startledit.Theshri
38、llingsoundmadeitsheartbeatfast,itswingsweak,itsbalanceuneven.Thusitfelldownjustascommonlyasamandropshischop-sticks,atthethunder-stroke,atadinnertable.HenceforthcomestheidiomAbirdstartledbythemeretwangofabow-string,illustratingacasewhereamanwhohadbeenpreviouslyandrepeatedlyfrightenedbecamenumbandstup
39、efiedbyanewthingofthesamenaturenotknowinghowtofacethenewsituation. 惊弓之鸟 战国时期,有个杰出的弓箭手,叫做更赢。他的射箭本事在当时可称是绝无仅有。有一天,他和魏王并肩站着,天空中突然飞过一群鸿雁。更赢很自信的对魏王说:我可以用弓声就把飞鸟给打下来。魏王很怀疑。正在那是,一只孤雁很低很慢的飞过。鸣声凄惨。更赢见了,就张着弓,扣着弦,砰的一声,直入云宵。那孤雁果真应声落地。魏王惊羡之余,不明白这是怎么回事。更赢说明说:那孤雁飞得低且慢,因为它已经受过伤;它鸣叫的声音悲而哀,因为它离了群。身难过碎,使它心跳加速,两翼无力,体重失去
40、平衡,正如人们吃饭时,突然听见雷声,筷子落地的状况一样自然而平常。 后人依据上面的故事,做成了惊弓之鸟这个成语,形容从前多次受过惊吓的人,突然遇到同样可怕的事物,就吓得魂飞魄散,惊惶失措,不知如何去应付新的环境。 托班英语成语故事教案:大义灭亲 Upholdjusticeatthecostofonesbloodrelation DuringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770-476BC),therewasmanydukedomsunderthekingoftheEasternZhouDynasty.Thesedukedomsoftenfoughtoneanothertoe
41、xpandtheirterritories.Andwithinadukedom,thestruggleforpowerfrequentlyoccurred.AtypicalcasewasthemurderoftheDukeofWeibyhisyoungerbrotherZhouXu. ZhouXucommittedthecrimewiththehelpofanimportantofficialcalledShiHou.Eventually,ZhouXubecamedukehimself.Thenhelaunchedwarsagainstotherdukedomsandthepeoplesuff
42、ered.Therewerecomplaintsandresentmentsallaround. Whenhelearnedaboutthis,ZhouXuwasworried.HetalkedwithShiHouabouthowtostabilizethesituationandwinbackpeoplesconfidence.ShiHousaid:Thatseasy.Illaskmyfathertospeakforus.Heishighlyesteemedbyalltheofficialsandthepeople.Imsurehellhelpusout. ShiHousfather,Shi
43、Que,hadbeenahigh-rankingofficialservingundertheformerduke.HeresignedwhenZhuXuseizedpower.HehatedZhouXuforhismurderoftheformerduke.Healsohatedhisownson,ShiHou,forhispartinthemurder. Now,ShiHoucameandaskedhimforhelp.thefathersaid,Adukeascendancetopowershouldbegrantedbytheking.Ifthekingapprovedit,allth
44、eproblemswillbesolved. Buthowcanwebetthekingsapproval?ShiHouaskedhisfather.Theoldmansaid,TheDukeofChenistrustedbythekingandhisdukedomhasgoodrelationshipwithours.IfyouandZhouXugototheDukeofChenandaskhimforhelp,Imsureheiswillingtosayagoodwordforyoubeforetheking. ShiHoupassedhisfatherswordtoZhuXuandthe
45、ywenttotheDukedomofChen.Butbeforetheyarrived,theoldmansentanexpressletterinsecrettotheDukeofChenaskinghimtokillthetwomurderers. AssoonasZhouXuandShiHouarrivedintheDukedomofChen,theywerearrested.SomeofficialsfromWeimadeaspecialtriptoChentokillthetwomen.TheyputZhouXutodeathbuthesitatedtokillShiHoubeca
46、useofhisfather.Whentheoldmanlearntaboutthis,hesaidfirmly:Mysonhasalsocommittedthemurderoftheduke.Whatsthegoodtohavehimintheworld!hesenthisownmantoChenandbeheadedShiHou.Laterhistorianscommented:Tosafeguardtheinterestofthecountry,ShiQuedidnotbendthelawforthebenefitofhisrelative.Itsreallyacaseofcutting
47、offconsanguinityforthesakeofrighteousness!HencecomestheidiomUpholdjusticeatthecostofonesbloodrelation. 大义灭亲 春秋时期,在东周周天子的统治下有很多小公国。这些国家经常为了扩大自己的领土而相互争斗。而且,在一个公国内部,权力之争也时常发生。卫国的州吁杀害自己的哥哥卫国的公爵就是一个典型的例子。 在一个重要的大臣石厚的帮助下,州吁杀害了他的哥哥。最终,他作了卫国的公爵。接着,他发动了同其他公国的斗争,使卫国人民经受了许多苦痛。人们怨声载道。 州吁对此也很担忧。他与石厚商议如何巩固政局,赢得百姓的信任。石厚说:这个简单。大臣和百姓们都非常敬重我的父亲,我去请他出来为我们说话。这样我确定他能帮我们解决这个问题。 石厚的父亲石碏曾是前任公爵的上卿。州吁夺权后,他辞去了官职。他痛恨州吁杀害了前任公爵。同时,他也恨自己的儿子石厚,因为他参加了这场谋杀。现在,石厚来向他求助。石碏说:诸侯接位,应当得到周天子的许可。只要他同意了,全部的问题都好解决。 可是怎么让周天子会同意吗?石