《特殊的比较级和最高级归纳常用的.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《特殊的比较级和最高级归纳常用的.pdf(12页珍藏版)》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、特殊的比较级和最高级归纳常用的:bad(坏的)worseworst far(远的)fartherfarthest(farfurtherfurthest)good/well(好的)betterbest ill(病的)worseworst little(少的)lessleast many(多的)moremost much(多的)moremost 形容词 比较级 最高级 out utter uttermost up upper uppermost in inner innermost fore further furthest nigh nigher nighest far farther fart
2、hest old elder eldest late later latest many more most (number)little less least much more most (quantity)bad,evil,ill worse worst well,good better best 学英语单词的比较级和最高级归纳。1.般词尾直接加 er 或 est 例 tall-taller-tallestlong-longer-longest 2.发音字母 e 结尾单词词尾直接加 r 或 st 例 nice-nicer-nicest 3.辅音字母+y 结尾词 y 变 i 再加 er 或
3、 est 例 heavy-heavier-heaviest 4.重读闭音节末尾辅音字母双写辅音字母再加 er 或 est 例 big-bigger-biggest 5.部双音节词音节词别原级前加 more 构比较级 most 构高级 例 slowly-more slowly-most slowly;beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful 小学英语语法形容词的比较级复习 比较级 比较级:一、形容词的比较级 1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词 than。比较级的句子结构通常是:什么+动词be(am,is,are
4、)+形容词比较级+than(比)+什么,如:Im taller and heavier than you.(我比你更高和更重。)An elephant is bigger than a tiger.(一只大象比一只老虎更大。)比较级前面可以用 more,a little 来修饰表示程度。than 后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。2形容词加 er 的规则:一般的直接在词尾加 er,如 tall-taller,strong-stronger,以e 结尾的,直接加 r,如 fine-finer,以辅音字母加 y 结尾的,先改 y 为 i 再加 er,如 funny-funnier以一个元音字母
5、和一个辅音字母结尾,双写最后的字母再加 er,如 big-bigger,thin-thinner,hot -hotter,sad-sadder,fat fatter3 不 规 则 形 容 词 比 较 级:good-better,beautiful-more beautiful,expensive-more expensive 二、副词的比较级 1形容词与副词的区别(有 be 用形,有形用 be;有动用副,有副用动)在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或 be 动词之后。副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后。2副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 注意 1、比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东
6、西。典型错误:My hair is longer than you.(我的头发比你更长。)比较的两者是我的头发、你(整个人),那么比较的对象就没有可比性。应该改为:My hair is longer than yours.或 My hair is longer than your hair.2、如果比较的两者是一样的时候,我们会用 asas这个词组。它的用法是:什么+be+as+形容词原形+as+什么,意思是什么和什么一样。如:Im as tall as you.(我和你一样高。)My feet are as big as yours.(我的脚和你的一样大。)最高级:一、形容词的最高级变化类似
7、于比较级,只是把词尾的 er 改成 est,如:tall(原形)-taller(比较级)long(原形)-longer(比较级)big(原形)-bigger(比较级)二、除此之外,还有几个特殊的单词,它的比较级和最高级都是不规则。三、如:many/much(原形)-more(比较级)-most(最高级)little/few(原形)-less(比较级)-least(最高级)good(原形)-better(比较级)-best(最高级)bad(原形)-worse(比较级)-worst(最高级)far (原形)-further-furthest 小学英语词汇:形容词、副词及比较级级 第 1 页/(共
8、5 页)一。形容词的修饰与位置 一般来说,从构词法角度来看,后缀“ly”往往是副词,但有的以“ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词,这点要注意;形容词一般可以在句子中做定语,表语等成份,但有些形容词在句子中只能做表语和只能做前置定语;这些形容词在修饰时候有一定的特殊性要引起大家的注意,下面做了一下归纳:1 以-ly 结尾的是形容词而不是副词:costly 昂贵的 lonely 孤独的 deadly 死一般的 lively 活泼的 friendly 友好的 silly 傻气的 kindly 热心肠的 likely 可能的 leisurely 悠闲的 ugly 长得丑的 brotherly 兄弟般的 m
9、onthly 每月的 earthly 尘世的 2 只作以“a”开头的很多形容词只能做表语:afraid 害怕的 alike 相象的 awake 醒着的 alone 单独的,惟一的 alive 活着的 ashamed 羞愧的 asleep 睡着的 aware 意识到的、察觉到的 well 健康的 content 满意的 unable 无能的 3 只作前置定语的形容词 earthen 泥土做的,大地的 daily 每日的 latter 后面的 golden 金子般的 weekly 每周的 inner 里面的 silken 丝一般的 monthly 每月的 outer 外面的 wooden 木制的
10、yearly 每年的 elder 年长的 woolen 毛织的 former 前任的 mere 仅,只不过 only 惟一的 sheer 纯粹的 very 恰好的 little 小的 live 活的 4.下列动词既是实义动词又是系动词,注意用做系动词时,要求形容词做表语:remain keep become,get,grow,go,come,turn,stay,stand,run,prove,seem,appear,look.如:All those left undone may sound great in theory,but even the truest believer has gr
11、eat difficulty when it comes to specifics.二。形容词与副词的比较级与级 1.考比较级时,考生应把握:1)形容词和副词比较级的形式是否和比较连词对应出现,即是否符合原级比较及比较级的结构。如:Do you enjoy listening to records?I find records are often,or better than an actual performance.Aas good as Bas good Cgood Dgood as 在这里 as good as 比较连词与 better than 比较连词同时出现时候,不能省略任何一个
12、介词。答案为 A On the whole,ambitious students are more likely to succeed in their studies than are those with little ambition.2)比较的成分是否属于同类事物或同类概念,既是说比较要具有可比性。如:The number of registered participants in this years marathon was half.A of last years Bthose of last years Cof those of last year D that of last
13、 years(前后相比的应该是今年和去年注册参加的人数“the number of”故代替它的应该是单数指示代词“that”,而不能选择 B,those 是指代 participants,不是同类对 第 2 页/(共 5 页)对比,答案为 D.Young readers,more often than not,find the novels of dickens far more exciting than Thackerays.3)比较级与倍数词关系及其位置 原级结构中可插入表达倍数的词,表示为“为。若干倍”,当与有表示倍数比较的词在一起时候等,他们的位置是,倍数词+asas,或倍数词+mo
14、rethan,但 again 一般放在原级词之后,即“as+原级+again+as”。如:Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills people each year than automobile accidents.A seven more times B seven times more C over seven times D seven times(答案为 B)“Do you regret paying five hundred dollars for the painting?”“No,I would gladly
15、have paid for it.”A twice so much B twice as much C as much twice D so much twice(答案为 B)My uncle is as old again as I am 4)下列词和短语不用比较级形式却表示比较概念:inferior,minor,senior,prior,prefer to,superior,major,junior,preferable,differ from,compared with,in comparison with,different from,rather than.如:Their watch
16、 is to all the other watches on the market.A superior B advantageous C super D beneficial(答案为 A)Prior to his departure,he addressed a letter to his daughter.(1986 年考研题)5)“比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more/less and less+原级”以及“ever,steadily,daily等副词+比较级”结构表示“越来越”的意思,与这类结构搭配的常用动词有 grow,get,become 等。前面两种情况更多地
17、出现在进行时态中,注意的是这三种情况引导的比较级后面都不需要用 than.如:Things are getting worse and worse.As I spoke to him he became less and less angry.Her health was becoming daily worse The road got ever worse until there was no road at all=the road got worse and worse.6)比较级前面可以用 even,still,yet,all the(more)等修饰语用以加强语气,表示“更加”的意
18、思。如 Today it is even colder than yesterday I have yet more exciting news for you 7)有关比较级的特殊句型:A):not so muchas与其说不如说 The chief reason for the population growth isnt so much a rise in birth rates a fall in death rates as a result of improvements in medical care.第 3 页/(共 5 页)A and B as Cbut D or 人口增长的
19、主要原因与其说是因为出生率的提高,还不如说是因为医疗的进步带来的死亡率下降的结果。答案为 B B)no/not any morethan两者一样都不 The heart is intelligent than the stomach,for they are both controlled by the brain.A not so Bnot much Cmuch more D no more(心脏和胃两者都不具有智力,他们都受大脑控制。答案为 D)There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take,they can l
20、imit how much water you drink.A much more than B no more than C no less than D any more than(答案为 D)C)no/not any lessthan两者一样,都注意基本上与 no/not any morethan 意思相反 She is no less beautiful than her sister.她和她姐姐一样漂亮 D)just as so 正如,也(用倒装结构)Just as the soil is a part of the earth,the atmosphere.A as it is B
21、 the same is C so is D and so is(答案为 C)2.级形式应注意的问题:1)级比较范围用介词 in,over,of,among.in,(all)over 用于在某一范围内的比较,如:in China,all over the world.of,among 用于在同一群体内同类事物的比较,如:among the teachers,of the four dresses.注意:among相当于 one of,不说 among all。这一点考生应与汉语表达区别开来 如:all visible lights,red light has the longest and v
22、iolet the shortest wavelength.A Among B Of CFor DTo 答案为B 2)比较级形式表示级意义时,比较对象的范围应用:any other+单数名词 the other+复数名词 the others anyone/anything else 上述词是用业将比较级结构转变成级意义的关键词语,切不可遗漏,尤其是 other,否则会造成逻辑混乱的错误。如不能说:John runs faster than anyone.注意与汉语表达的不同。3)most 可以用来修饰形容词或副词,意思相当于 very,用法区分单复数,但不能用定冠词the,如:a most
23、interesting book,most expensive restaurants,要注意与“the+形容词级+of+名词”的结构表示的级的区别,如:He spoke in the warmest of voices They have been most kind to me Basketball is the most popular of sports in this country.Chinese is the most difficult of language Chinese is a most difficult language 三。不用比较级和级的形容词:1)表示颜色的有
24、:white,black 2)表示形态的有:round,sq 第 4 页/(共 5 页)uare,oval,circular,triangular(三角形),level 3)表示性质和特征的有:atomic,economic,scientific,sonic,golden,silvery,woolen,earthen,silent,full,empty,sure,dead,deaf,blind,lame,rainy 4)表示状态作表语的有:afraid,asleep,alive,ashamed,alone,aware,alike 5)表示时间、空间和方位的有:daily,weekly,mont
25、hly,annual,present,front,back,forward,backward,east,west,south,north,left,right,final 6)表示极限、主次、等级的有:maximum,minimum,utmost,main,major,chief minor,superior,inferior,senior,junior,super,favorite 7)含有绝对概念的有:absolute,entire,whole,total,perfect,excellent,thorough,complete.四。平行结构与比较级 平行结构很多情况下是由形容词或副词的比较
26、级或者暗含比较意味的连词引导的。如:The ideal listener stays both inside and outside the music at the moment it is played and enjoys it almost as much as the composer at the moment he composes.大多数情况下平行结构都是具有一定的比较含义的,有的是递进对比 not onlybut(also);preferto;rather than 有的是同类对比:and;but;or;both and;eitheror;neithernor 平行结构测试时
27、候注意以下几点:1.注意比较结构中相比较的内容在语法形式上是否相同。如:It is better to die ones feet than.Aliving on ones knees Blive on ones knees Con ones knees Dto live on ones knees(答案为 D)Despite the temporary difficulties,the manager prefers increasing the output to decreasing it.2.其他具有并列或比较意义的短语也可引导平行结构。1)rather than,let alone
28、虽不是并列连词,但在结构上连接两个语法形式相同的成分。如:We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal style in a personal style.Arather than Bother than Cbetter than Dless than 答案为 A For the new country to survive,for its people to enjoy prosperity,new economic policies will be required.A to name a few Bl
29、et alone Cnot to speak Dlets say(答案为 B)2)如果平行的两个成分在形式上是介词短语,而且介词相同,一般说来第二个介词不要省略。如:At times,more care goes into the composition of newspaper and magazine advertisements than into th 第 5 页/(共 5 页)小学英语网免费发布小学英语词汇:形容词、副词及比较级级,更多小学英语词汇相关信息请访问小学英语网。e writing of the features and editorials 内 容 结 束 形容词的比较级
30、和最高级的特殊变化规则:转载 2016-12-14 10:15:08 形容词的比较级和最高级的特殊变化规则:一、少数单音节词前面加 more-,most-构成比较级和最高级tired-more tired,most tired fond(喜欢的)-more fond,mostfondglad-more glad,most glad bored-more bored,most boredpleased-more pleased,most pleased 二、不 规 则 变 化good/well-better,bestbad/badly/ill-worse,worst many/much-more
31、,most little-less,least far-farther,farthest/further,furthestold-older,oldest(GA)/elder,eldest(GB)三、下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级有两种形式 cruel-crueler,cruelest/more cruel,most cruel strict-stricter,strictest/more strict,most strict often-oftener,oftenest/more often,most often friendly-friendlier,friendliest/more f
32、riendly,most friendlyclever-cleverer,cleverest/more clever,most clever 四、下列形容词和副词没有比较级和最高(即表示”最高程度”或”绝对状态”的形容词和副词没有比较级和最高级)empty,wrong,perfect,unique,extreme,excellent,favourite,true,right,correct,extremely.形容词的比较级和最高级用法:形容词比较等级用法:1.没有比较对象时,用原级。I have a new computer.2.两者比较,程度相同。A+系动词+as+adj.+as+B.Ou
33、r school is as beautiful as theirs.3.两者比较,程度不同。A+系动词+not as+adj.+as+B.The weather here is not as hot as that in the south.4.A 比 B 更 The earth is bigger than the moon.5.比较级前可以用much,even,still,far,a lot,a little,abit,any 等修饰。Your room is much bigger than mine.I m alittle shorter than her.6.用比较级可以表示最高级
34、含义:John is stronger than any other boy in his class.=John is stronger than any of the other boys.两者不属于同一范畴,不能用 other.Chongqing is bigger than any city in Sichuang.7.“比较级+and+比级”表示“越来越”China is becoming more and more beautiful.Days are getting longer and longer.8.用 the+比较级,the+比较级 表示”越就越”.The busier
35、he is,the happier he feels.9.Which/Who+is+比较级 A 或 B A 和 B 哪一个/谁更?Which is better,this one or that one?最高级用法:表示三者或三者以上的人或物的比较,一个在某方面超过其他两个或多个时,用最高级,结构是 主语+系动词+the+形容词最高级+of/in 短语。This story is the most interesting of the three.1.one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数 它的意思是最之一。English is one of the most important lan
36、guages in the world.2.which/who+is+形容词最高级“最.”Which is the heaviest,the horse,the sheep or the elephant?3.最高级前可以用序数词 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.形容词的比较级和最高级的变化规则:构成 原级 比较级 最高级 一般加 er,est tall taller tallest 以字母 e 结尾只 加 r,st large larger largest 以一个辅音字母结尾的 重读闭音节,双写这一辅 音字母后再加 er,est red redder reddest hot hotter hottest thin thinner thinnest 以辅音字母+y 结尾的词,将 y 变为 i 再加 er,est easy easier easiest happy happier happiest ugly uglier ugliest early earlier earliest 其他双音节词和多 音节词,在词前 加 more 或 most interesting more interesting most interesting