《初中英语固定搭配大全_1.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《初中英语固定搭配大全_1.pdf(10页珍藏版)》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、初中英语固定搭配大全 由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理:一、动词+介词 1look at看,look like 看上去像,look after 照料 2listen to听 3welcome to欢迎到 4say hello to 向问好 5speak to对说话 此类短语相当于及物动词,其后必须带宾语,但宾语无论是名词还是代词,都要放在介词之后.二、动词+副词 “动词+副词所构成的短语义分为两类:A动词(vt.)+副词 1put on 穿上 2take off 脱下 3write down 记下 此类短语可以带宾语,宾语若是名词,放在副词前后皆可;宾语若是人称代词,只能放在副
2、词的前面。B动词(vi)+副词。1come on 赶快 2get up 起床 3go home 回家 4come in 进来 5sit down 坐下 6stand up 起立 此类短语属于不及物动词,不可以带宾语.三、其它类动词词组 1。close the door 2。1ook the same 3。go to work/class 4.be ill 5。have a look/seat 6。have supper 7.1ook young 8。go shopping 9。watch TV/games 10。play games 介词短语聚焦 “介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。
3、现将 Unitsl-16 常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。1in+语言/颜色/衣帽等,表示使用某种语言或穿着。2in+Row/Team/Class/Grade 等,表示“在排/队/班级/年级”等。3in the morning/afternoon/evening/表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间.4in the desk/pencilbox/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。5in the tree 表示“在树上(非树本身所有);on the tree 表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”.6in the wall 表示“在墙上(凹陷进去)”;on the wall 表示“在墙上(
4、指墙的表面)”。7at work(在工作)/at school(上学)/at home(在家)应注意此类短语中无 the。8at+时刻表示钟点。9like this/that 表示方式,意为“像这/那样”。10of 短语表示所属关系。11behind/beside/near/under+名词等,表示方位、处所.12from 与 to 多表示方向,前者意为“从,后者意为“到”。另外,以下这些短语也必须掌握。如:on duty,after breakfast,at night,at the door,in the middle,in the sky,on ones bike 等。重点句型大回放 1
5、I think意为“我认为”,是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用 I dont think,2give sth。to sb。/give sb.sth。意为“把给”,动词 give 之后可接双宾语,可用这两种句型;若指物的宾语是人称代词时,则只能用 give it/them to sb。3take sb./sth。to意为“把(送)带到,后常接地点,也可接人.4One,the other/One isand one is意为“一个是;另一个是”,必须是两者中。5Let sb.do sth.意为“让某人做某事”,人后应用不带 to 的动词不定式,其否定式为 Dont let sb,
6、do sth。,或 Let sb.not do sth.另外,Lets 与 Let us 的含义不完全相同,前者包括听者在内,后者不包括听者在内,6help sb.(to)do sth./help sb。with sth。意为“帮助某人做某事”,前者用不定式作宾补,后者用介词短语作宾补,二者可以互换。7What about?/How about?意为“怎么样?是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等.about为介词,其后须接名词、代词或 Ving 等形式。8Its time to do/Its time for sth。意为“该做的时间了”,其中 to 后须接原形动词,for 后可接名词或
7、Ving形式。9like to do sth。/like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”,前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作;后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作,10ask sb.(not)to do sth。意为“让某人(不要)做某事”,其中 ask sb。后应接动词不定式,11show sb。sth。/show sth.to do。意为“把某物给某人看,该句型的用法同前面第 2 点.12introduce sb。to sb.意为“把某人介绍给另一人;introduce to sb。则是“向某人作介绍.重点短语快速复习 1。kinds of 各种各样的 2.eitheror或者 或者,不是就是
8、 3.neithernor既不也不 4。Chinese tea without,anything in it中国清茶 5。take a seat 就坐 6.home cooking 家常做法 7。be famous for 因而著名 8.on onesway to 在途中 9。be sick/ill in hospital 生病住院 10。at the end of 在的尽头,在的末尾 11。wait for 等待 12。in time 及时 13。just then 正在那时 14。make ones way to往(艰难地)走去 15。first of all 首先,第一 16.go wr
9、ong 走错路 17。be/get lost 迷路 18。make a noise 吵闹,喧哗 19.get on 上车 20.get off 下车 21。stand in line 站队 22。waiting room 候诊室,候车室 23.at the head of在的前头 24.laugh at 嘲笑 25.throw about 乱丢,抛散 26。in fact 实际上 27.at midnight 在半夜 28.have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快 29。quarrel with sb。和某人吵架 30.take ones temperature 给
10、某人体温 31.have/get a pain in某处疼痛 32。have a headache 头痛 33。as soon as 一就 34。feel like doing sth。想要干某事 35。stopfrom doing sth.阻止干某事 36。fall asleep 入睡 37。again and again 再三地,反复地 38。wake up 醒来,叫醒 39.instead of 代替 40.look over 检查 41.take exercise 运动 42。had better(not)do sth.最好(不要)干某事 43.at the weekend 在周末 4
11、4.on time 按时 45.out of 从向外 46。all by oneself 独立,单独 47。lots of=a lot of 许多 48。no longer/more=notany longer/more 不再 49。get back 回来,取回 50.sooner or later 迟早 51。run away 逃跑 52。eat up 吃光,吃完 53。run after 追赶 54。take sth.with sb。某人随身带着某物 55。take(good)care of=look after(well)(好好)照顾,照料 56.think of 考虑到,想起 57。k
12、eep a diary 坚持写日记 58。leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下 59.harder and harder 越来越厉害 60.turn on 打开(电灯、收音机、煤气等)61。turn off 关 重温重点句型 1So+be助动词情牵动词主语 前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人(物)时,常用到这种倒装结构,表示“另一人(物)也如此。”前面陈述的否定情况也适于另一人(物)时,常用“Neither/Nor +be助动词情态动词+主语”这种倒装结构.注意:“So+主语+be助动词情态动词 这一句型常用于表示赞同,进一步肯定对方的看法,表示“的确如此.“是呀。2Turn
13、rightleft at the firstsecondcrossing。这一指路的句型意为“在第一二个十字路口向右左拐。相当于 Take the first secondturning on therightleft。3It takes sbsome time to do sth 此句型表示“干某事花了某人一段时间.”其中的 it 是形式主语,后面的动词不定式(短语)才是真正的主语。4thinkfind+it+adj。+to do sth。此句型中的 it 是形式宾语,不可用其它代词替代,形容词作宾语的补足语,后面的动词不定式(短语)才是真正的宾语。5Whats wrong with?此句型
14、相当于 What s the matter/trouble with?后跟某物作宾语时,意为“某物出什么毛病了?后跟某人作宾语时,意为“某人怎么了?6tooto 在 sothat复合句中,that 后的句子是否定句时,常与简单句 tooto(太而不能)进行句型转换.在 sothat复合句中,that 后的句子是肯定句时,常与简单句enough to进行句型转换.7Sorry to hear that。全句应为 Im sorry to hear that。意为“听到此事我很难过(遗憾)。”常用于对别人的不幸表示同情、遗憾之意.重点句型、词组大盘点 1。She used to be a Chine
15、se teacher。她过去是一位汉语老师。用法 used to+动词原形,表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态,含有现在不再如此之意。搭配 used to do 的否定式可以是 usednt to do 或 didnt use to do。比较 used to do sth.过去常做某事;be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事;be used to do sth。被用来做某事。2。return it sooner or later。迟早要将它归还。用法 l)sooner or later 意为“迟早”、“早晚.2)return 此处用作及物动词,意为“归还”,相当于 gi
16、ve back。拓展 return还可用作不及物动词,意为“返回”,相当于go back或come back.3.No matter what the weather is like无论天气 用法no matter what 相当于 whatever,其意为“无论什么”,引导状语从句。拓展类似 no matter what 的表达方式还有:no matter when 无论什么时候 nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;no matter where 无论什么地方 no matter who 无论谁 no matter how 无论怎么样 4.A young man practised speakin
17、g English with Mr。Green。一位年经人与格林先生练习讲英语。用法practise doing sth.表示“实践、练习(做)某事”。拓展practice 名词,“实践”、“实施”、“练习”;put a plan into practice实行某计划.5。He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting our lakes,rivers,seas and oceans.他鼓励大家参加保护我们的湖泊、河流和海洋的活动。用法1)encourage 用作动词,意思是“鼓励”、“支持”。2)take part in“参加”,常表示参加
18、活动。3)protect 是动词,表示“防御”、“保护”.搭配1)encourage sb。in sth。在某事上鼓励或支持某人 nbsp;encourage sb.to do sth。鼓励某人干某事 2)protect sh。from sth。使某人不受某事侵袭或伤害 6。to warn people about sharks in the water.警告人们当心水里的鲨鱼。用法 warn 用作动词,意思是“警告”、“警戒。搭配1)warn sb.+that 从句 2)warn sb。of sth。警告某人某事 3)warn sb。to do sth。告诫某人做某事 4)warn sb.a
19、gainst(doing)sth。告诫某人当心某事/不要做某事 常用动词短语 1.have:have a cold,cough,fever,headache,pain;have a good time have a great effect on had better do sth have a match,meeting,discussion;have a rest have no choice but to do sth have on 2.make:make a promise make a decision make room for make sense make use of ma
20、ke a face make an effort to do sth make a living make up ones mind to do sth make a mistake make a noise make a speech make an apology make it a rule make it make into makeout of make up make of make from make a call 3.take:take a seat take a message for take an interest in take off take on(a new lo
21、ok)take over take steps to do take some measures to do sth take care take charge take part in take place take the place of take turns to do sth take medicine take up 4.go:go cold go hungry be gone go dad want a go go skating,fishing,shopping,swimming,go on doing sth go on to do sth go on with sth go
22、 down go well go head go out go over go against go without go on a picnic go through 5.get:get down to doing sth get hurt,married,dressed,caught get over get off get ready for get up get in get through get on well with get together get in to the habit of doing get used to doing sth get rid of get ti
23、red of 6.put:put on put forward put off put up put out put on weight put away put down 7。play:play an important part in play an important role in play football play the piano 8.keep:keep back keep in touch with keep off keep out keep ones promise keep up keep up with keep sb from doing keep on doing
24、 keep order 9.give:give away give out give off give up give in give some advice on give a talk on sth give first aid e:come about come across come on come out come to oneself come true come up 11.bring:bring down bring in bring up bring along 12.break:break down break out break away from break up br
25、eak into break off break in 13.turn:turn down turn to sb turn into turn off turn in turn over turn against turn away turn on turn up turn out to 14.look:look out look up look down upon look after look at look for look around look over look as if look forward to doing sth look back upon look into loo
26、k on 15.do:do sb a favour do up do ones hair do a good deed do wrong 1.弄清词语自身结构用法学生做题时往往仅限于依据词语的中文含义,简单对照。这样就造成了许多中文正确,而英语结构上的错误.如“允许某人干某事”,allow sb to do sth,而不可用做 agree sb to do sth。“同意干某事说 allow doing sth。而 agree 却应为 agree to do sth。再如:“希望某人去干某事expect sb to do sth。不可说为 hopesbtodosth。“建议某人去干某事”,说
27、advise sb to do。就不可说是 suggest sb to do sth。这是根据动词自身的基本用法而决定的。这些更需要学习中不断积累.下面是一些常用动词的不同结构用法:A。以下动词与不定式连用 afford to do sth 。afford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,care,claim,dare,decide,demand,desire,determine,expect,failhappen,help,hope,intend,learn,manage,mean,need,offer,plan,pretend,promise,refuse
28、,seem,used,want,wish B。以下动词与动名词连用 admit doing sth admit,advise,allow,appreciate,avoid,cant help,consider,delay,dreamof,enjoy,escape,excuse,feellike,finish,forbid,giveup,imagine,insiston,keep,mind,miss,order,persistin,practice,putoff,request,require,risk,stand,stop,suggest C.以下动词与不定式复合结构连用即 advise sb
29、 to do sth。advise,allow,ask,beg,callon,cause,consider,dependon,encourage,expect,find,force,get,hate,instruct,invite,like,longfor,need,oblige,permit,persuade,prefer,remind,request,require,suppose,waitfor,warn,etc。let,have,make,(使役动词后的不定式去掉 to)see,watch,observe,notice,look at,hear,listen to,feel(感官动词后的不定式去掉 to)