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1、2021 届崇明县崇西中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A The following 4 famous paintings,from Jan van Eycks portrait to Pablo Picassos masterpiece,have stood the test of time.The Arnolfini Portrait Jan van Eycks Arnolfini Portrait,an oil pain
2、ting on wood produced in 1434,is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery,London.This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed.It is also an informative document on fifteenth-century society,through van Eycks heavy use of symbolism-while husbands went out to engage in bu
3、siness,wives concerned themselves with domestic duties.The Starry Night Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night,oil on canvas,a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village,during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital nearSaint-Remy-de-Provence
4、,Francebetween 1889 and 1890.When theMuseumofModern ArtinNew York Citypurchased the painting from a private collector in 1941,it was not well known,but it has since become one of van Goghs most famous works.The Harvesters The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elde
5、r in 1565.It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months of August and September.Nicolaes Jonghelinck,a merchant banker and art collector fromAntwerp,commissioned this painting.The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art inNew York Citysince 1919.Guernica Guer
6、nica,a large black-and-white oil painting,was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter,Pablo Picasso in 1937.The title Guernica refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War.The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result,has come to be an anti-war symbol and a
7、reminder of the tragedies of war.Today,the painting is housed at the Museo National Centro de Arte ReinaSofiainMadrid.1.What do the four paintings have in common?A.They are oil paintings.B.They are kept inNew York.C.They show different peoples lives.D.They are created during 10th century to 19th cen
8、tury.2.What do we know about The Starry Night?A.It shows the scenery of a small hillside village.B.Van Gogh produced it when living in his home.C.A private collector gave it away to the museum.D.It was not famous before 1941.3.Whose painting shows the destruction of war?A.Jan van Eyck.B.Vincent van
9、Gogh.C.Pieter Bruegel.D.Pablo Picasso.B Did you know people who live in different parts ofChinahave different habits and preferences?For example,people from southernChinaprefer to eat vegetables,while people from northChinalike to eat meat.According to a new study in a journal,gene variations(变异)mig
10、ht be responsible for these differences.Researchers fromChinas BGI collected genetic information from 141,431 Chinese women,who came from 31 provinces and consisted of 36 ethnic minority groups.They found that natural selection has played an important role in the ways that people living in different
11、 regions of China have developed,affecting their food preferences,immunities(免疫力)to illness and physical features.A variation of the gene FADS2 is more commonly found in northern people.It helps people metabolize(新陈代谢)fatty acids,which suggests a diet that is rich in flesh.This is due to climate dif
12、ferences.Northern Chinais at a higher latitude.This weather is difficult to grow vegetables in.Therefore,northerners tend to eat more meat.The study also found differences in the immune systems of both groups.Most people in southernChinacarry the gene CR1,which protects against malaria.Malaria was o
13、nce quite common in southernChina.In order to survive,the genes of people in the south evolved to fight against this disease.However,people in the south are also more sensitive to certain illnesses,as they lack the genes to stop them.Genes can also cause physical differences between northerners and
14、southerners.Most northerners have the ABCC11 gene,which causes dry earwax,less body smell and fewer sweats.These physical differences are also more beneficial to living in cold environments.Southerners are less likely to have this gene,as it did not develop in their population.4.What did the new stu
15、dy focus on?A.Regions.B.Eating habits.C.Gene variations.D.Ethnic minority groups.5.What is the main function of the gene FADS2?A.It helps store fat.B.It helps digest meat.C.It helps gain weight.D.It helps treat an illness.6.According to the study,most northerners _.A.sweat less frequently B.are immu
16、ne to malaria C.prefer vegetables to meat D.are more sensitive to climates 7.How many differences did the study find related to genes?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.C Chimps use loud calls and gestures to make their feelings known but until now,the exact meaning for individual movements has remained a
17、mystery.Now researchers believe they have translated the key gestures used in the chimp community and identified their intentions for the first time.From 4,351 gestures,experts were able to identify 66 that are used for 19 specific message meanings,including showing a foot to tell a child they can c
18、limb on their back.The researchers were able to narrow down these 66 gestures to 36 that are used intentionally to achieve 15 purposes.The translations were made by Dr Catherine Hobaiter and her colleagues at St Andrews University in Scotland.Dr Hobaiter used behavior sampling and filmed all recorde
19、d cases of gestural communication.Other gestures include stomping their feet to ask another chimp to stop what they are doing,and slapping objects together to ask another to follow them.Of the 19 meanings,17 encouraged interactions to start,or to develop,such as“move closer,”and“change play”.Some of
20、 the gestures were found to have more than one meaning.and only 10 of the 66 gestures were used for only a single meaning.Researchers collected a total of 471 video clips from two social groups of chimps at a shelter near Kinshasa,Democratic Republic of Congo.As well as identifying what the gesture
21、means,they also discovered the technique needed to increase the chances of success.“Human children use gestures to communicate before they produce their first words,and their earliest gestures typically appear around 10 months of age,”explained the researchers.“In great apes,there is good evidence t
22、hat language-trained individuals are capable of acquiring and understanding signals,but this is far less clear in their natural communication.”8.Chimps slap the objects to_.A.tell others to stop what they are doing B.ask others chimps to join them C.gather other chimps to move closer D.encourage int
23、eractions to start 9.What did researchers find after studying 471 video clips?A.Chimps trained in language are good at understanding signals.B.Two social groups of chimps live at a shelter near Kinshasa.C.Language-trained individuals do well in natural communication.D.Chimpsearliest gestures appear
24、around 10 months of age.10.How is the last paragraph developed?A.By analyzing causes.B.By examining differences.C By making comparisons.D.By following time order.11.What can be a suitable title for the text?A A New Research on Chimps B.Human Children and Chimps C.Getting the Chimps Trained for Langu
25、age D.Translating the Sign Language of Chimps D In June,2021,a group of students from eight high schools in Winnipeg,the capital of Canadas Manitoba province,will begin test-launching(试发射)a satellite the size of a Rubiks cube.The one-kilogram Win-Cube satellite,named for its home city and its shape,
26、will be put into low orbit.Once in space,it can perform for a few months or up to several years,communicating information that could help find the signs of earthquakes.There are 80 similar satellite projects worldwide,but this is the first high-school based program of its kind in Canada.30 Manitoba
27、high school students are having a hand in designing and building the satellite,in cooperation with aerospace(航空航天的)experts and 10 students from the University of Manitoba,and with support from two other organizations.The Win-Cube project is not something that goes on a piece of paper;it is real-worl
28、d engineering,allowing high school students to have an opportunity to learn more about the exciting world of engineering through their participation in this challenging program.It is also taken as a wonderful example of the unique partnerships within Manitoba.Designing,building and launching a satel
29、lite with high-school participation will bring this world-class educational project into reality and Manitoba closer to space“These Manitoba high school students deserve congratulations for their enthusiasm,innovation(创新),and a strong love for discovery,”said Education,Citizenship and Youth Minister
30、 Peter Bjomson.“We want to make science more relevant,interesting and attractive to high school students by showing them how classroom studies can relate to practical experience in the workplace or,in this case,in space,”Bjomson added.The Win-Cube program is mainly aimed at inspiring a strong desire
31、 for discovery on the part of the students.It also shows Manitobas devotion to research and innovation and the development of a skilled workforceall important drivers of knowledge-based economic growth.12.What can we learn from Mr.Bjomson?.A.Those Manitoba high school students are worth praising.B.T
32、he study of space can be practically made in classrooms.C.Manitoba high schools are famous for the study of space.D.Scientific research is too far away from high school students.13.What is the primary purpose of the project?.A.To find the early signs of earthquakes.B.To relate studies to practical.C
33、.To help high school students study real-world engineering.D.To inspire a strong desire for discovery among the students.14.According to the passage,what can we know about the Win-Cube satellite?.A.It is named after Manitoba and its shape.B.It is intended for international communication.C.It is desi
34、gned like a Rubiks cube both in shape and size.D.It is challenged by university students around the world.15.What may be the best title for the passage?A.Manitoba School B.Win-Cube Program C.Space Co-operation D.Satellite Launching 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
35、 Run!Lunch-Delivery Men!Its lunch time,and Guo Ziyang is on a mission:deliver seven hot meal orders in an hour.He dashes into a downtown highrise,carrying a plastic container of hot beef noodles.There is no time to wait for the right elevator.He hops into the first one that opens,jumps out at the la
36、st stop and begins running up the stairs.After a quick handoff to the customer,he races down 20 flights._16_AcrossChinas biggest cities,the scene has become as familiar as crowded subways._17_Meals appear with just a few taps on a smartphone.With the major delivery services offering similar pricing
37、strategies and food choices,the burden of competition has fallen largely on the speed of the delivery people,popularly known as Waimai Xiaoge,or“Brother Takeaway”.Guo said he wolfs down four or five steamed buns before starting work every morning.“Youll need the energy for various delivery missions,
38、”he said.“Sometimes,the buildings you deliver to dont have elevators._18_Then,you have to climb ten flights of stairs.”Guo works aroundShanghais central business district.He joinedEle.meonly last year._19_With a foodwarmer box tied to his scooter,Guo tears through traffic,rushes past pedestrians and
39、 avoid bumps that might spill soup dishes.In less than two hours,he has made stops at a hospital,a hair salon,a hotel room and several highrises.Six orders an hour is the norm for the lunchtime rush,but Guo said he is sometimes called upon to deliver ten meals.“_20_You just have to apologize.”he sai
40、d.Nevertheless,Guo said he thrives on deadline pressure.“Im the kind of person who likes challenging work,”he added.A.Thats really difficult,and if you arrive late,customers get angry.B.One order down,six to go.C.The tradition of going out for a meal has been under pressure from the fast pace of urb
41、an life.D.Sometimes,the elevators are crowded and take a long time.E.Sometimes,people ask them to pick up cigarettes,alcohol and other items,which they arent supposed to do.F.The arrival of fooddelivery apps has transformed the countrys lunchtime culture.G.But he has memorized the layouts of all the
42、 buildings in his area.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 It impressed me a lot.I never thought that little help would_21_out to be the most satisfying thing I have ever done.He was tired,and_22_to climb further.With a broad_23_,he asked if
43、I could help him with some money.He was paralyzed in both legs and was_24_funds for some operation.He said that if operated successfully,he could_25_training guaranteeing him a job.I was full of_26_and even asked him to show his legs.I gave him the_27_money.After a few days,he again came at my doors
44、tep asking for more money for accommodation.This time I was more or less_28_he is not cheating me.I gave him some and said this is all I had.A year went by and I had moved to a(n)_29_place.One fine day I got a call from an unknown number.The caller called out his name but I didnt_30_him.Then he said
45、 he is the very paralyzed person I helped a year ago.I asked him how he is doing.He said,“What,sir?Do you recognize me not by my name but by my_31_state?”Then he went on saying,“With your kind help I am now able to_32_on my legs without support.I was operated_33_.I am married to a beautiful lady and
46、 have a stable_34_.”I dont_35_remember if I gave him my phone number._36_,what he said next was touching.He said he wanted to return my money so that I didnt feel cheated and continued to help people_37_in the future.I dont know whether he read my facial expression the day I helped him but tears wer
47、e_38_down my face.That day I promised him I will continue to help people as i see a(n)_39_small or big._40_that changed my life.21.A.send B.bring C.turn D.break 22.A.playing B.substituting C.struggling D.walking 23.A.look B.whisper C.view D.smile 24.A.raising B.finding C.seeking D.earning 25.A.prete
48、nd B.attend C.intend D.tend 26.A.doubts B.minds C.worries D.depression 27.A.remaining B.left C.hiding D.forgotten 28.A.informed B.outspoken C.convinced D.prepared 29.A.bad B.old C.systematic D.new 30.A.remind B.recognize C.replace D.repeat 31.A.disabled B.messed C.excited D.stressed 32.A.live B.stan
49、d C.focus D.base 33.A.surprisingly B.successfully C.hopefully D.naturally 34.A.reason B.promise C.character D.job 35.A.also B.even C.already D.only 36.A.Therefore B.Otherwise C.However D.Meanwhile 37.A.in favor B.in place C.in advance D.in need 38.A.running B.putting C.bringing D.pulling 39.A.behavi
50、or B.case C.accident D.opportunity 40.A.Strangely B.Truly C.Generally D.Originally 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Christopher Reeve was born on September 25,1952 to a novelist father and a journalist mother.After graduating from high school,Reeve_41._(study)atCornell