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1、Unit 3Under the sea海下景观.单词盘单词盘点点根据根据词词性和性和汉语汉语意思写出意思写出词汇词汇1._(adj.)每年的每年的;按年度按年度计计算的算的 (n.)年刊；年年刊；年鉴鉴2._(vt.)当当场见场见到；目到；目击击 (n.)目目击击者；者；证证人；人；证证据据annualwitness3._(prep.)在在对对面面 (adj.)相相对对的；相反的的；相反的4._(vi.&n.)暂暂停停;中止中止5._(vi.)逃避；逃跑逃避；逃跑 (vt.)逃离逃离6._(vt.)拖拖;拉拉;扯扯7._(vt.)催促催促;极力主极力主张张;驱驱策策oppositepausef
2、leedragurge8._(vt.)放弃；放弃；遗遗弃；抛弃弃；抛弃9._(n.)目目标标;靶；受批靶；受批评评的的对对象象10._(adj.)好的；整好的；整齐齐的；匀称的的；匀称的11._(adj.)狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的12._(adj.)锐锐利的；利的；锋锋利的；敏捷的利的；敏捷的13._(adj.)浅的；肤浅的；浅浅的；肤浅的；浅显显的的14._(v.)思考；映射；反射思考；映射；反射_(n.)反射反射;反映反映abandontargetneatnarrowsharpshallowreflectreflection15._(adj.)意意识识到的到的;知道的知
3、道的_(n.)意意识识，觉觉悟悟16._(vt.)恐恐吓吓(vi.)受受惊惊吓吓_(adj.)恐恐惧惧的的；害害怕怕的的awareawarenessscarescared【品【品词词自自测测】根据所根据所给词给词的适当形式填空的适当形式填空The _ who _ the accident gave _ to the police.(witness)The _ boy was _ to go out at night because he had once dreamed of monsters.(scare)witnesswitnessedwitnessscaredscared.短短语语回放回
4、放1.在此期在此期间间；与此同；与此同时时 _2.帮助帮助(某人某人)摆摆脱困境或危脱困境或危难难 _3.对对知道、明白；意知道、明白；意识识到到 _4.上下翻上下翻转转 _5.吓死了吓死了 _in the meantimehelp(.)outbe/become aware ofupside down(be)scared to death6.阻阻挡挡 _7.靠近靠近 _8.整理；分整理；分类类；收拾；收拾 _9.瞄准瞄准 _10.正要做某事正要做某事 _11.(表示空表示空间间)在在前面；前面；(表示表示时间时间)先，先，预预先先 _hold updraw nearsort outaim at
5、be about to do sth.ahead of12.阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事_13.加油，赶快加油，赶快_keep sb.from doing e on.句式句式扫扫描描1._(那个那个时时期期)the killer whales,or“killers”as they were then called,helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.2.This was the call that announced _(即即将有将有)a whale hunt.3.As w
6、e drew closer,I could _(看看见见一条一条鲸鱼鲸鱼正在被攻正在被攻击击)by a pack of about six other killers.It was a time whenthere was about to besee a whale being attacked4.Im sitting in the warm night air _ _(手持一杯冷手持一杯冷饮饮)and reflecting on the daya day of pure magic!5.The fish didnt seem to _(介介意我在它意我在它们们中中间间游游动动).with
7、a cold drink in myhandmind me swimming among them【仿句自【仿句自测测】根据下面句式仿写句子根据下面句式仿写句子be about to do sth.表将来表将来仿写：仿写：现现在不要出去。我在不要出去。我们马们马上就要吃晚上就要吃晚饭饭了。了。_It is/was a time when.那是一个那是一个的的时时期期仿写：曾仿写：曾经经没人能理解我的没人能理解我的计计划和雄心。划和雄心。_ _Dont go out now;we are about to have supper.It was a time when no one could u
8、nderstand my plan and ambition.动动名名词词复合复合结结构作构作宾语宾语仿写：杰克仿写：杰克现现在离开在离开,你介意你介意吗吗？_Do you mind Jack(s)leaving now?核核心心要要点点reflect 三年三年2考考 hold up 三年三年1考考 come on 三年三年2考考 1.urge vt.催促，督促；极力主催促，督促；极力主张张；驱驱策策(1)urge sb.to do sth.=urge sb.into doing sth.催促某人干某事催促某人干某事(2)urge that sb.(should)do sth.=It is u
9、rged that sb.(should)do sth.坚坚决要求，极力主决要求，极力主张张某人某人应该应该干某事干某事The doctor urged me to have an X-ray test,and then,he could make a conclusion.医生医生劝劝我做一个我做一个X光光检查检查，然后他才能得出，然后他才能得出结论结论。He urged his pupils _ _ _ at every subject.他督促他的学生他督促他的学生们们努力学努力学习习每一每一门门功功课课。We must urge that representatives _ _ from
10、 various factories.我我们们必必须须竭力主竭力主张张代表代表应应从各个工厂从各个工厂选选出。出。into working hardbe elected2.abandon vt.放弃；放弃；遗遗弃；抛弃弃；抛弃(1)abandon ones post放弃放弃职职位位abandon oneself to.纵纵情；沉溺于情；沉溺于(2)abandoned adj.废废弃的；被弃的；被遗遗弃的；无弃的；无约约束的；放束的；放荡荡的的Those who _ _ _ despair cannot succeed.那些自暴自弃的人无法成功。那些自暴自弃的人无法成功。The bad weat
11、her forced them to abandon their research.恶恶劣的天气迫使他劣的天气迫使他们终们终止了研究工作。止了研究工作。Walking alone in the forest,he felt abandoned by the world.独自走在森林里，他感到被独自走在森林里，他感到被这这个世界个世界遗遗弃了。弃了。abandon themselves to3.reflect vi.思考思考 vt.映射；反射；思考映射；反射；思考reflect sth.from sth.从某物从某物(表面表面)反射反射(光、光、热热、声等、声等)reflect on/upon
12、sth.思考某事思考某事reflect sb./sth.in sth.(指指镜镜子等子等)映出某人映出某人/物的影像物的影像This material absorbs light,but doesnt reflect it.这这种材料吸收光，但不反射种材料吸收光，但不反射(光光)。She sat _ _ how much it had changed since she bought the farm.她坐在那里思考自从她她坐在那里思考自从她买买了那个了那个农场农场之后改之后改变变了多少。了多少。reflecting on4.help(.)out 帮助帮助(某人某人)摆摆脱困脱困难难或危或危难
13、难What evidence was there that he was helping the whalers out?有什么有什么证证据据证证明他在帮捕明他在帮捕鲸鲸人人摆摆脱困境？脱困境？Can you help me out with the maths problem?你能帮我解出你能帮我解出这这道数学道数学题吗题吗？【拓展】【拓展】翻翻译译以下短以下短语语cannot help doing sth._cannot help but do sth._help oneself(to sth.)_help(sb.)with sth._be of great help to sb._hel
14、p sb.(to)do sth._禁不住做某事禁不住做某事不能不不能不/不得不做某事不得不做某事自用；自取所需自用；自取所需(食物等食物等)帮助帮助(某人某人)做某事做某事对对某人有帮助某人有帮助帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事5.be/become aware of 意意识识到到；对对知道、明白知道、明白(1)be aware that-clause知道；体会到知道；体会到make sb.aware that.提醒某人注意提醒某人注意make sb.aware of.使某人意使某人意识识到到as far as Im aware据我所知据我所知(2)develop an awareness of.
15、逐逐渐渐懂得懂得lack of awareness缺乏缺乏认识认识I suddenly _ _ _ somebody watching me.我突然我突然觉觉得有人在得有人在盯盯着我看。着我看。Im aware that she is dishonest.我知道她不我知道她不诚实诚实。It is important that students develop an awareness of valuing parents love.重要的是学生重要的是学生们们要逐要逐渐渐懂得珍惜父母的懂得珍惜父母的爱爱。felt aware of6.hold up 举举起；抬起；耽起；抬起；耽搁搁；延；延误误
16、The pupil held up his hand to ask the teacher a question.这这个学生个学生举举手手问问了老了老师师一个一个问题问题。Sorry I am late,but my train was held up.对对不起我来晚了，火不起我来晚了，火车车被耽被耽搁搁了。了。【拓展】【拓展】翻翻译译以下短以下短语语hold out_hold on to_hold on_hold back_伸出；伸出；维维持持抓牢；保留抓牢；保留继续继续；坚坚持持阻阻挡挡；抑制；克制；抑制；克制7.Come on.来来！快快！得得啦啦！加加油油！(表表示示劝劝说说、激激励励
17、、不不耐耐烦烦等等语语气气)Come along!快来！赶快！加把快来！赶快！加把劲劲！Come again！请请再再说说一遍！你一遍！你说说什么来着？什么来着？How come.?怎么回事？怎么怎么回事？怎么发发生的？怎生的？怎样样解解释释？When it comes to sth./to doing sth.当涉及某事当涉及某事/做某事做某事时时Come on!We dont have much time.快点快点!我我们时间们时间不多了。不多了。When _ _ _ the text,the teacher explained it very carefully.轮轮到到讲课讲课文文时时
18、，老，老师师解解释释得非常得非常详细详细。_ _ drinking too much coffee is bad?喝太多咖啡怎么会不好？喝太多咖啡怎么会不好？it comes toHow come8.It was a time when the killer whales,or“killers”as they were then called,helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.那个那个时时期，虎期，虎鲸鲸(当当时时被称被称为为“杀杀手手”)帮助捕帮助捕鲸鲸人在每年人在每年
19、须鲸须鲸迁迁徙徙时时捕捉捕捉须鲸须鲸。It was/is a time when.曾曾经经一度一度(那那时时)，when引引导导定定语语从句。从句。It was a time when she could not bear the pain and wanted to kill herself.她曾她曾经经一度无法忍受病痛，想一度无法忍受病痛，想结结束自己的生命。束自己的生命。_ _ _ _ _ motorcars were rare.那那时时汽汽车车是很罕是很罕见见的。的。It was a time when9.As we drew closer,I could see a whale be
20、ing attacked by a pack of about six other killers.随着我随着我们们的逼近，我能看的逼近，我能看见见一条一条鲸鱼鲸鱼正在被其他正在被其他6条虎条虎鲸袭击鲸袭击。“see a whale being attacked”看到一条看到一条鲸鱼鲸鱼正在被正在被袭击袭击，句中，句中“being attacked”作作宾语补宾语补足足语语，表示，表示动动作正在被作正在被进进行。行。试试体会体会下面句中下面句中being done结结构在句中的功能：构在句中的功能：When I was a child,I used to watch bicycles bein
21、g repaired.(观观看自行看自行车车被修理被修理)()The tall house being built over there(正在那儿被建的正在那儿被建的)belongs to my uncle.()Being bitten by a dog(被一只狗咬了被一只狗咬了)put him into hospital.()He insisted on his being called(他被叫做他被叫做)Mr.Cliff instead of Mr.Clive.()宾语补宾语补足足语语定定语语主主语语宾语宾语【点津】【点津】“being done”形形式式作作宾宾语语补补足足语语和和后后置
22、置定定语语时时表表被被动动，同同时时又又表表进进行，然而在作主行，然而在作主语语和和宾语时仅宾语时仅表被表被动动。10.The fish didnt seem to mind me swimming among them.鱼鱼儿好像并不介意我游在它儿好像并不介意我游在它们们中中间间。me在句中用作在句中用作swimming 的的逻辑逻辑主主语语，即，即动动名名词词的复合的复合结结构。构。动动名名词词的复合的复合结结构的其中一种形式是构的其中一种形式是“物主代物主代词词或名或名词词所有格所有格动动名名词词”，在句中作主，在句中作主语语、宾语宾语、表、表语语等。如果不是在句子等。如果不是在句子开开
23、头头，这这个个结结构常常可以用名构常常可以用名词词的普通格的普通格(或人称代或人称代词词的的宾宾格格)。His/Jacks not getting to the station on time made all of us worried.他他/杰克没准杰克没准时时到到车车站使得我站使得我们们大家都很担心。大家都很担心。(作主作主语语)What is most important is Toms going there at once.最重要的是最重要的是汤汤姆立刻到那里去。姆立刻到那里去。(作表作表语语)Have you heard of _ _ _ _ _?我妹妹在我妹妹在竞赛竞赛中中获胜
24、获胜的事你听的事你听说说了了吗吗？(作作动词动词短短语语的的宾语宾语)my sister(s)winning the contestHe left the city without _ _ _.他离开他离开这这个城市我个城市我们们大家都不知道。大家都不知道。(作介作介词词的的宾语宾语)our/us knowing it【点津】【点津】在在下下列列情情况况中中，动动名名词词复复合合结结构构中中的的逻逻辑辑主主语语要要用用名名词词的的普普通通格或人称代格或人称代词词的的宾宾格：格：(1)无生命的事物名无生命的事物名词词作作逻辑逻辑主主语时语时一般采用普通格形式。一般采用普通格形式。(2)在在口口语
25、语和和非非正正式式语语中中，只只要要不不作作主主语语常常采采用用普普通通格格或或人人称称代代词词的的宾宾格。格。(1)in time及其他及其他time短短语语的辨析的辨析(2)flee的意的意义义及用法及用法(3)(be)scared to death短短语语的的应应用用1.On hearing the news,he _.A.felt scared to dieB.felt frightening to dieC.got scared to deathD.get frightened to die【解解析析】选选C。句句意意：听听到到这这个个消消息息，他他吓吓死死了了。get/be sca
26、red to death为为固固定定短短语语，表表示示“吓吓死死”，to为为介介词词，后后跟跟名名词词或或动动名词，故选名词，故选C。2.He _ the cave before the police arrived,but he failed.A.managed to flee away fromB.tried fleeing out ofC.managed fleeingD.tried to flee【解解析析】选选D。句句意意：警警察察到到达达之之前前他他试试图图要要逃逃离离岩岩洞洞，但但是是失失败败了了。try doing表表示示尝尝试试做做某某事事，表表示示一一种种新新的的尝尝试试，
27、没没有有很很强强的的目目的的性性，try to do则则侧侧重重为为达达到到目目的的的的努努力力；flee可可作作及及物动词，后直接加表示地点的名词，物动词，后直接加表示地点的名词，D为最佳答案。为最佳答案。3.The disabled young man believes that his dream to get his novel published is _ to come true.A.in timeB.at timesC.on timeD.from time to time【解解析析】选选A。句句意意：这这位位残残疾疾青青年年相相信信他他出出版版小小说说的的梦梦想想迟迟早早会会变变成成现现实实。in time迟迟早早有有一一天天，最最终终，符符合合题题意意。at times有时候；有时候；on time准时；准时；from time to time有时，偶尔。有时，偶尔。