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1、2021年山东高考英语模拟试卷第一部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Many college students want to look for seasonal, short-term or part-time jobs to get extra cash, to stay busy or to get working experience. Lifeguard The job is a great opportunity to build your fitne
2、ss, keep people safe and be outdoors to enjoy some fun on the beach in the sun. The average hourly wage for lifeguards is $ 9.31, but those with certifications or previous experience may be able to earn a bit more. Nanny (保姆) Students can find plenty of positions as parents scramble (争抢) to arrange
3、activities and find care for their children. Students who enjoy spending time with kids, staying active and being outdoors can spend their leisure time making money without even feeling like theyre working. Nannies make $ 14.56 per hour. Camp Consultant Students who enjoy spending their time with ch
4、ildren, being a leader and monitoring fun outdoor activities are perfect for camp consultant positions. The average hourly wage for camp consultants is $9.28, but those with many years experience or specific academic backgrounds may be able to earn more. Food Server Although it may not seem like the
5、 most attractive way to spend a weekend, working as wait staff allows students to build up their social skills, stay active, enjoy free meals at work and posily educate themselves about different cuisines. However, food servers need to be on their feet for hours at a time and must be able to multi-t
6、ask like professionals, so take this into account before submitting an application. The average salary is $ 9.00 hourly, but trips can raise that number. 1. Who are the two jobs nanny and camp consultant most fit for? A. Students who want to develop their social skills. B. Students who love staying
7、with children. C. Students who love traveling. D. Students who love camping. 2. What should you take into consideration before applying to be a food server? A. The way of cooking. B. The food you can enjoy. C. Long standing time at work.D. Skill in getting tips from customers. 3. What job can you do
8、 if youre good at swimming? A. A lifeguard. B. A nanny. C. A camp consultant. D. A food server. B Connie Monroe clicks a button, flicks her wrist and watches as her neighborhood floods. The shorelines are first to go. Then, the baseball fields at Fleming Park. By the time seawater reaches the senior
9、 center, it has flooded streets and over a dozen brick homes. Monroe moves her head up and down, side to side, taking in the simulated (仿真的) view. This is what could happen to Turner Station, a historic African American community southeast of Baltimore, as sea levels rise. Climate change presents ma
10、ny challenges to coastal communities and to those trying to prepare for its impacts, but one of the most basic is also one of the most vexing: How do you show people and convince them of a possible future? Communicating the realness and immediacy of the climate threat is hugely important to climate
11、researchers and those aiming to lessen its causes. But its also the most important to communities faced with coming changes that are already unavoidable. These projects need public support and input. Thats why Monroe and other residents (居民) are being directed to sit in metal chairs, put on virtual
12、reality headsets and watch their homes flood. Turner Station, a community which gets flooded easily, is trying to prepare. It has partnered with the Port of Baltimore, a few nonprofits and a local landscape architecture firm to adopt a range of tools and ways to communicate climate change to the pub
13、lic, because every person is different and every place is different. The virtual reality program is only the most recent, and perhaps the most effective step. Virtual reality is an immersive experience that can trick the human brain into thinking its real. But tricking people is not the goal of the
14、sea level rise simulation being used at Turner Station, says Juiano Calil, one of the programs developers. “The goal,” he says, “is to start a conversation and help folks visualize the impacts of climate change and the solutions, and also discuss the trade-offs between them.” 4. Who is Monroe? A. A
15、coastal community citizen. C. An architect. B. A climate researcher. D. AVR program developer. 5. What does the underlined word “vexing” mean in paragraph 2? A. Bothersome. B. Dramatic. C. Original. D. Convincing. 6. Why is VR technology employed here? A. It can cut down the risks of climate change.
16、 B. It can show severe results of climate change. C. It can introduce technology to the residents. D. It can predict the climate change accurately. 7. What is the purpose of the program? A. To trick more people to believe. B. To win the residents cooperation. C. To advocate the application of VR. D.
17、 To inform the residents of the solutions. C Before the end of the year, employees at Ubiquitous Energy, a company in Redwood City, Calif, will gather in a window-lined conference room to stare toward the future. Thats because their new glass windows will offer more than an amazing view of the North
18、 California landscape. They will also be able to power the companys lights, computers and air conditioners. Several years in the making, Ubiquitous energy-producing glass is a remarkable technological achievement. Its power lies in the layers of organic polymers (聚合物) between sheets of glass. As lig
19、ht enters the window,the flow of electrons between the polymer layers creates an electric current, which is then collected by tiny wires in the glass. “Its sort of like a transparent computer display run in reverse (反过来),” says Veeral Hardev, director of business development at Ubiquitous Energy. “I
20、nstead of electricity being shuttled to different points in a display to light them up, light is producing electricity to be shuttled out of different points in the window.” Right now the windows produce about a third as much electricity from a given amount of sunlight as the typical solar cells use
21、d in roof panels (板).These windows, about half as transparent as ordinary glass, dont work as well as transparent ones. Hardev says the company is likely to improve the transparency significantly. As for the lower output of electricity, he notes that windows can cover a much greater surface area tha
22、n a roof, so numerous windows will produce a surprisingly larger amount of electricity than the production from a rooftop full of higher-efficiency solar panels. “You could do both.” says Hardev. “But youll get more from the windows. The biggest challenge, he adds, is increasing the windows from les
23、s than two square feet currently to about 50 square feet.” 8. What makes the new glass windows special? A. They can offer an amazing view. B. They are controlled by computers. C. They can power the conference room. D. They can help stare toward the future. 9. What is Hardev trying to explain in Para
24、graph 3? A. The source of light. B. The significance of different points. C. The similarity of computer and glass. D. The working principle of energy-producing glass. 10. What can affect power production according to the passage? A. The transparency of the glass. B. The quality of the rooftop.C. The
25、 height of the solar panels. D. The thickness of the glass. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Windows: A New Challenge of Technology B. Windows: No Longer Just for Letting in the Light C. Power: A Pressing Problem in the Near Future D. Power: Not Enough from Rooftop So
26、lar Panels D If youve spent any amount of time boating, fishing, or bird-watching at lakes and rivers, you have most likely seen fishes jumping out of the water. I have seen it many times. Certainly, fishes will exit water in desperate attempts to escape enemies. Dolphins take advantage of the behav
27、ior, forming a circle and catching the frightened fishes in midair. But just as we may run fast from fun or from fear, different emotions might motivate fishes to jump. Mobula rays（蝸鲼）arent motivated by fear when they throw their impressive bodiesup to a seventeen-foot wingspan (the distance from th
28、e end of one wing to the end of the other) and a ton in weightskyward in leap（跳跃）of up to ten feet. They do it in schools（鱼群）of hundreds. They usually land on their bellies, but sometimes they land on their backs. Some scientists think it might be a way of removing parasites（寄生虫）. But I think that t
29、he rays are enjoying themselves. In the clear waters of Floridas Chassahowitzka National Wildlife Refuge, I watched several schools of fifty or more mullets（鲻鱼）moving in beautiful formation. Their well-built bodies were most evident when they leaped from the water. Most of the time I saw one or two
30、leaps by a fish, but one made a series of seven. They usually land on their sides. Each jump was about a foot clear of the water and two to three feet in length. Nobody knows for sure why the fish leaps. One idea is that they do it to take in oxygen. The idea is supported by the fact that mullets le
31、ap more when the water is lower in oxygen, but is challenged by the likelihood that jumping costs more energy than is gained by breathing air. It is hard to imagine they will feel any fresher when back in water. Might these fishes also be leaping for fun? There is some new evidence. Gordon M. Burgha
32、rdt recently published accounts of a dozen types of fishes leaping repeatedly, sometimes over floating objectssticks, plants, sunning turtlefor no clear reason other than entertainment. 12. What can we say about the dolphins in Paragraph 1? A. They have great escaping skills. C. They are very clever
33、. B. They are easily frightened. D. They love jumping. 13. What do the ray and the mullet have in common when jumping? A. Both do it in groups. B. Both land on their bellies.C. Both jump many feet out of water. D. Both make leaps one after the other. 14. How does the author feel about the idea menti
34、oned in Paragraph 4? A. It is valuable. B. It is interesting. C. It is imaginative. D. It is questionable. 15. Which may be the reason for fish leaps according to the author? A. To remove parasites. B. To amuse themselves. C. To take in more oxygen. D. To express positive emotions.第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，
35、满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Hotels in Shanghai are requested to stop offering disposable toiletries(一次性洗漱用品) unless customers ask, in order to make efforts to reduce waste and pursue(追求) green development. 16 . The move is stated in a set of regulations on garbage sorting and
36、recycling that went into effect in Shanghai. Under the new regulations, most household plastic wastes should be sorted and recycled. The city also encourages individuals and companies to reduce their use of disposable plastic products. Kunlun Jing An hotel is one of those that answered the governmen
37、t call that “not offering disposable toiletries unless asked”. 17 “Shanghai is taking a lead in the country to fight against plastic waste, said Gerd Knaust, general manager of Kunlun Jing An hotel. “Hotels should make contributions to sorting and recycling garbage. 18 19 “It is a good thing to redu
38、ce waste in daily life,” said Zhang Wei, 40, from east China s Shandong Province who checked in the hotel for a business trip. He brought a reusable toothbrush after being informed by the hotel in advance. At least 6.5 million sets of disposable toiletries are said to be used every day if the occupa
39、ncy rate(入住率)is 50 percent for the 13 to 15 million hotel rooms across China, said Du Liangliang of the Hotel Business Unit of Ctrip, Chinas leading online travel agency. “ 20 ,” Du said. A. The hotel said the new measure will help reduce plastic waste B. Guests are encouraged to use recyclable toil
40、etries during their stay C. If hotels stop offering disposable toiletries, it will be great progress D. It is one of the steps that the government takes to protect our environment E. Also, we should encourage customers worldwide to lead an eco-friendly life F. The hotel has informed people of the ch
41、ange through online and offline means G. Plastic products harm our environment so greatly that we shall reduce their use 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 There are times when we feel as if our bad circumstances will never change. When we meet
42、 troubles or problems in our lives,we are 21 for a sign that tells us everything will be 22 and get better. When in this mindset(心态), I think back to a 23 I once heard about a family having dinner at a Chinese restaurant. At the end of the meal, everyone 24 their fortune cookie and read their messag
43、es out loud. 25 ,the youngest child did not, she went to get another fortune cookie. This 26 several times before the mom stopped her and asked, “What are you doing? “The little child responded, “I am looking for a cookie with the 27 fortune for me.” The mom said, “There is only one thing you need t
44、o 28 and its not in a fortune cookie. That is where there is a will theres a way.” When 29 are not going our way,we may 30 the right fortune. We seek the hope for our 31 so that it will be better than the present. Once the Israelis were expelled(驱逐) in a foreign country against their will. At that t
45、ime,everything was 32 for them, but they didnt lose hope; instead, they 33 to their new environment positively. Years later they returned to their homeland as they had 34 . In life we need to take action and hope and believe that nothing is impossible to a willing mind. It does 35 that good things d
46、o come out of bad and difficult situations. 21.A.readyB.gratefulC.ResponsibleD.desperate22.A.settledB.hiddenC.defeatedD.gone23.A.messageB.storyC.problemD.case24.A.ateB.tastedC.touchedD.opened25.A.AnyhowB.HoweverC.OtherwiseD.Therefore26.A.changedB.ranC.happenedD.showed27.A.goodB.badC.wrongD.right28.A
47、.doubtB.guessC.know D.hope29.A.memoriesB.thingsC.questionsD.chances30.A.searchforB.makeupC.takeoutD.wrestlewith31.A.familyB.workC.businessD.future32.A.easyB.difficultC.commonD.special33.A.adjustedB.turnedC.stuckD.agreed34.A.leftB.expectedC.talkedD.remembered35.A.proveB.tellC.considerD.understand第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Increasing pork production and supply will be the top priority for agricultural authorities in the following y