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1、Unit 2 性格与行为特征维克多英语词汇教学探讨与实践【（一）认知（一）认知】话题教学词汇表教学目标检查口袋本预习以及导学案完成的情况检查口袋本预习以及导学案完成的情况网络化复习回顾词汇、了解话题相关知识网络化复习回顾词汇、了解话题相关知识12学生：上台演示学生：上台演示(画图、提问画图、提问)教师：总结补充教师：总结补充 Step I:主话题Brainstorm网络化回顾词汇Step II:子话题词汇聚焦深度认知目的目的在语境中强化记忆在语境中强化记忆步骤步骤1.1.子话题词汇复现子话题词汇复现输入输入（单句单句、文段文段）2.2.子话题词汇复现子话题词汇复现输出输出（语篇语篇）子话题词汇
2、复现子话题词汇复现输入输入Say&Guess!Examples in fictionPeoplelikeLegolastendtobequiet and reserved,anddifficulttogettoknowwell.Theyholdbacktheirideasandopinionsexceptfromthosewhotheyareclosestto.Theyarelikelytobekind,gentle and sensitive intheirdealingswithothers.Theyreoriginal and independent,andneedtohaveperso
3、nalspace.Examples in fictionPeoplelikeFrodoaregenerallythoughtful and considerate.Theyaregoodlistenersandputpeopleatease.Althoughtheymaybereservedinexpressingfeelings,theyaretrulyinterestedinunderstandingpeople.Examples in fictionTheyareusuallyflexible and gentle,butwhenoneoftheirvaluesisviolated,th
4、eycanbecomeaggressive,fightingpassionatelyfortheircause.Theyareusuallytalentedwriters.Theymaybeawkwardanduncomfortablewithexpressingthemselvesverbally,buthaveawonderful ability toexpresswhattheyrefeelingonpaper.personality,ability,attitude Asanintelligent andfamousscientist,AlbertEinsteinhada pleasa
5、nt personalityandwasmuchrespectedforhis friendlymanner.Hewasmodestabouthisabilities,andhaddistinctiveattitudesandfashionsforexample,heminimizedhiswardrobesothathewouldnotneedtowastetimeindecidingonwhattowear.Example in real life personality,ability,attitude Heoccasionallyhada playful sense of humor,
6、andenjoyedsailingandplayingtheviolin.Hewasalsothestereotypical(老一套的)“absent-mindedprofessor”;hewasoftenforgetful ofeverydayitems,suchaskeysandwouldfocussoattentivelyonsolvingphysicsproblemsthathewouldoftenbecomeunawareofhissurroundings.Inhislateryears,hisappearancecreated(orreflected)anotherstereoty
7、peofscientistintheprocess:theresearcher.Example in real lifequality,behaviourAbdulisafireman.Heisverycourageous.Herescuespeoplefromfires.Jerryisveryreliable.Youcanalwaysdependonhimtokeephispromises.Mybrotherisreallyhard-working.Hehardlyevertakesadayoff.注：以上各句还可做成根据语境选词填空或给出首字母填空的练习quality,behaviourP
8、hillipisverymean.Heneverpaysforhisshareofthings.Jeremyisveryselfish.Heneverhelpsoutwiththehousework.MyneighbourbroughtmeflowerswhenIwasinhospitalthatwasconsiderateofhim.Hesathoughtfulpersonandwontdoanythingunlesshehasconsideredtheconsequences.注：以上各句还可做成根据语境选词填空或给出首字母填空的练习子话题词汇复现子话题词汇复现输出输出Practice&W
9、rite!详见学生用书详见学生用书P8综合训练：第四题综合训练：第四题 【（二）讲练（二）讲练】Part I 基础训练基础训练 教学目标讲练重难点词汇，讲练重难点词汇，嚼透嚼透其释义、用法和搭配，其释义、用法和搭配，以能够熟练运用。以能够熟练运用。建立基本的建立基本的英语概念英语概念，培养英语，培养英语思维能力思维能力。12教学目录 重点词释义重点词释义:“熟熟”词词“生生”义义:重点词用法专练重点词用法专练:character,sensitivehonest,modest,personality blame 重点词块专练重点词块专练:find fault with,set an exampl
10、e,(be)accustomed to(doing)sth,swallow ones pride,be optimistic about,make fun of,lose/run out of(ones)patience(with),sense of humour 重点词释义重点词释义根据每个词的自身特点，释义从以下六个维度根据每个词的自身特点，释义从以下六个维度讲解：讲解：一词多义；一词多义；熟词生义；熟词生义；精准的汉语释义；精准的汉语释义；英语释义；英语释义；辨析义；辨析义；搭配义搭配义性格性格（基本义）（基本义）人或集体的人或集体的“性格性格”性格性格特色；特性特色；特性（好的）品性；
11、（好的）品性；道德品质道德品质符号；文字符号；文字人的某些优秀的人的某些优秀的“性格性格”（语义缩小）（语义缩小）事物、事件或地方的事物、事件或地方的与众不同的与众不同的“性格性格”（由人到物）（由人到物）书、电影等中不同书、电影等中不同“性性格格”的人物、角色的人物、角色（由抽象到具象）（由抽象到具象）区别于其他事物区别于其他事物“性性格格”的记号、标志的记号、标志（由抽象到具象）（由抽象到具象）人物；角色人物；角色character语义网络【教学建议教学建议】通过基本义通过基本义“性格性格”和英语释义理解和英语释义理解character各层释各层释义；义；掌握掌握character,cha
12、racteristic,nature,personality的辨的辨析析。C 常用单数常用单数 性格性格qualitiesthatmakesbaparticulartypeofpersonShehasacheerfulbutquietcharacter.她的性格乐观文静。Thisisasideofhercharacterthatfewpeoplehaveseen.这是她的性格中鲜为人知的一面。Weaknessofattitudebecomesweaknessofcharacter.态度上的弱点会变成性格上的弱点。爱因斯坦辨辨 character,characteristic,nature,pe
13、rsonalitycharacter笼统表示性格全貌。ThebookgivesafascinatinginsightintoMrsBlairscharacter.这部书对布莱尔夫人的性格作了生动的剖析。characteristic意为“特征；特色；特点”，用于人时，指性格中的具体特征或特点。Personalcharacteristics,suchasageandsexaretakenintoaccount.个人的特征，如年龄和性别等，都要考虑进去。nature意为“天性；本性”；指天生的、无法改变的性格或品质。ItsjustnotinJanesnaturetolie.简天生不会撒谎。perso
14、nality意为“个性”，侧重指社交方面所反映出的性格特质。Shewasverybeautifulbutseemedtolackpersonality.她很漂亮，但似乎缺乏个性。U 特色；特性特色；特性qualitiesthatmakeathingorplacedifferentfromallothers近 naturebuildingsthatareverysimplein characterin character造型很简洁的建筑物Thecityinvested6billionyuantopreservethecharacter ofcharacter oftheoldtown.该城市投资
15、60亿元用于保护古城的特色。外研 6 U(好的好的)品性；道德品质品性；道德品质qualitiessuchascourage,loyaltyandhonestyamanofgreatcharacter品德高尚的人Sportscanbegoodforcharacter buildingcharacter building(=developgoodmoralqualities).体育运动有益于培养良好的品格。C 人物；角色人物；角色apersonorananimalinabook,playorfilm,etc.cartoon characters卡通人物aleadingcharacterinafi
16、lm电影里的主角C 符号；文字符号；文字amusicalcharacter乐谱符号Chinesecharacters汉字【拓展】characterize/characterisevt 以以为特色；具有为特色；具有的特征的特征Anelephantischaracterizedbyalongtrunk.大象的特征是鼻子长。注：释义在熟词生义中有练习【备考指导备考指导】character的释义的释义考频较高；考频较高；character在高考听力、单选、阅读和完形中经常出现，为完形在高考听力、单选、阅读和完形中经常出现，为完形词汇词汇。Wedontjustuseourbehaviortolearna
17、boutourparticulartypesofcharacter.(2014重庆阅读)(释义)Somemaysaycompetitionischaracterbuilding.(2014陕西阅读)(释义)Sheisimpressedbythecharactersinthebook.(2013上海听力改)(释义)NowshewasPortia,astrong-willedcharacterinShakespearesThe Merchant of Venice.(2007天津完形)(释义)sensitive【教学建议教学建议】sensitive由“sense(感觉)+形容词后缀-ive(有倾向
18、的；有性质的)”构成，因此可以解释为感觉敏锐的，即“敏感的”借助英语释义更好地理解释义借助英语释义更好地理解释义；掌握常见搭配掌握常见搭配be sensitive to。善解人意的；体恤的善解人意的；体恤的awareofandabletounderstandotherpeoplesfeelingsSheis isvery sensitive tosensitive tootherpeoplesfeelings.她很能体谅他人的感受。(感情感情)敏感的；易生气的敏感的；易生气的easilyoffendedorupsetaverysensitivechild很敏感的小孩Sheis isveryse
19、nsitive tosensitive tocriticism.她一听批评就急。(对对光、温度等光、温度等)敏感的；敏感的；过过敏的；易受影响的敏的；易受影响的Myteethareareverysensitive tosensitive tocoldfood.我的牙齿对凉的食物过敏。Wetlandsareenvironmentallysensitiveareas.湿地是容易受环境影响的区域。(话题话题、形、形势势等等)敏感的敏感的ahighlysensitivetopic高度敏感的话题【备考指导备考指导】sensitive的释义的释义考频较高；考频较高；sensitive多出现在高考阅读和完形
20、中，为完形词汇。多出现在高考阅读和完形中，为完形词汇。Babiesare sensitive tothechangeinthenumberofobjects.(2013全国阅读)(释义)Regularcustomerstendtobelesspricesensitive,andmayprovidefreeword-of-mouthadvertising.(2011上海完形改)(释义)Infactblueeyesarejustastoughasbrowneyes,althoughtheyaremoresensitive tolight.(2007上海任务型阅读)(释义)Theelderlynee
21、dspecialcareinwinter,astheyaresensitivetothesuddenchangeofweather.(2004上海)(释义)A.SensitiveB.sensibleC.flexibleD.positive巩固练习巩固练习学生用书学生用书P6基础训练：第一题基础训练：第一题 “熟熟”词词“生生”义义 一词多义中的衍生义一词多义中的衍生义 培养学生结合具体的语境由词汇的基本义推测其衍培养学生结合具体的语境由词汇的基本义推测其衍生义的能力。生义的能力。“生义生义”与基本义联系不紧密与基本义联系不紧密 教学侧重，需要在词汇学习时注意一些低义频的教学侧重，需要在词汇学习
22、时注意一些低义频的释释 义，特别是与基本义联系不大的释义。义，特别是与基本义联系不大的释义。honest【教学建议教学建议】honest的基本义的基本义“诚实的诚实的”与其衍生义与其衍生义“用正当手段用正当手段的的”联系比较紧密；联系比较紧密；借助英语释义理解释义借助英语释义理解释义。老实的；诚实的；正直的老实的；诚实的；正直的反反 dishonest 坦白的；直率的坦白的；直率的nothidingthetruthaboutsth用正当手段的；努力认真的用正当手段的；努力认真的honestworkisdoneusingyourowneffortsandwithout cheatingImjus
23、ttryingtoearnanhonestliving.我只想堂堂正正谋生。Ibethesneverdoneanhonestdaysworkinhislife!我敢说他这辈子从未认认真真工作过一天。【备考指导备考指导】各主流版本教材未收录释义各主流版本教材未收录释义，高考对该层释义有考查。，高考对该层释义有考查。“Yougiveanhonestdayswork,”hesaid,lookingatmestraightintheeye.(2004广东阅读)适度的适度的（词源义）（词源义）谦虚的谦虚的适中的适中的朴素的朴素的态度上适度的态度上适度的期望值、价格、期望值、价格、大小等适度的大小等适度的
24、穿衣打扮、装穿衣打扮、装修等适度的修等适度的modest语义网络【教学建议教学建议】可通过可通过modest的词源义的词源义“适度的适度的”建立各层释义间的联系。建立各层释义间的联系。谦虚的；谦逊的谦虚的；谦逊的适中的适中的notverylarge,expensive,important,etc：amodestprice适中的价格Shehassavedamodestamountofmoney.她攒了一小笔钱。朴素的朴素的【备考指导备考指导】modest释义释义主要在高考阅读中出现。主要在高考阅读中出现。Theserisksarerelativelysmallforhealthypeoplean
25、dcertainlymodestcomparedwithotherriskfactorssuchassmokingandhighbloodpressure.(2012陕西阅读)DianaJacobsthoughtherfamilyhadaworkableplantopayforcollegeforher21-year-oldtwinsons:acombinationofsavings,income,scholarships,andamodestamountofborrowing.(2011山东阅读)personality【精讲精讲】personality R3 n C&U 个性；人格个性；人格
26、 个性鲜明的人个性鲜明的人Theirsonisarealpersonality.他们的儿子真是个有个性的人。巩固练习巩固练习学生用书学生用书P7基础训练：第二题基础训练：第二题 重点词用法重点词用法 嚼透词汇的释义、用法和搭配，在语境中理解掌握；嚼透词汇的释义、用法和搭配，在语境中理解掌握；熟悉考点，查漏补缺。熟悉考点，查漏补缺。blame【教学建议教学建议】v 掌握重点搭配掌握重点搭配blame sb/sth for(doing)sth,blame sth on sb/sth；注意；注意be to blame(for sth)是主动形式表是主动形式表示被动含义；示被动含义；n 掌握重点搭配掌
27、握重点搭配take/bear/accept the blame,put/lay/place the blame(for sth)on sb。vt 责备；把责备；把归咎于归咎于tosayorthinkthatsb/sthisresponsibleforsthbadYouvefailedtodowhatyouwereexpectedtoandImafraidtheteacherwillblameyou.你没做成期望你做的事，恐怕老师会责备你。2010 四川blame sb/sth for(doing)sth:blame sb/sth for(doing)sth:Whilewecantchanget
28、hebodytypewearebornwith,wecantblameourgenesformakingusfat.我们虽然无法改变与生俱来的体型，但不能把肥胖归咎于自己的基因。2014 重庆Onceyouformthehabitofblamingsomebodyorsomethingelseforabadsituation,youarealoser.一旦养成把不好的情况归咎于其他人或事的习惯，你就是一个失败者。2010 广东blame sth on sb/sth:blame sth on sb/sth:Oneofthecomputersisbrokenandshesblamingitonme
29、.其中有台计算机坏了，她就怪罪于我。be to blame(for sth)be to blame(for sth)(对某事)负有责任Whoistoblameforthefire?谁应对火灾负责？Itsallmyfault.Imtoblame.这都是我的错，都怪我。n U(对错误对错误/坏事应负的坏事应负的)责任；责备责任；责备responsibilityforamistakeorsthbadtake/bear/accept the blametake/bear/accept the blame承担责任lay/place thelay/place the blame(for sth)on sb
30、blame(for sth)on sb把(某事的)责任归在某人身上Wheredoestheblame forblame forourfailurelie?我们失败的症结在哪里？Heusuallyputs the blame onputs the blame onothers.他总是把过错推给别人。【备考指导备考指导】blame的搭配考频较高；的搭配考频较高；blame在高考单选、阅读和完形中常出现，为完形词在高考单选、阅读和完形中常出现，为完形词汇。汇。动词：Whatamess!Youarealwayssolazy!Im not to blame,mum.Iamwhatyouhavemadem
31、e.(2014江苏单选)Parentsblameteenagersfor droppingthetowelinthebathroom,notcleaninguptheirroomorrefusingtodotheshoppingatthesupermarket.(2014广东完形改)SheblamedtheaccidentonherGPSdevice(导航仪).(2011浙江阅读)名词：Otherslay the blame ontheAmericans,complainingthatpoundshavepiledonthankstoeatingtoomuchAmericanstylefast
32、food.(2013湖北阅读)Irefusetoaccept the blame forsomethingthatwassomeoneelsesfault.(2010全国单选)巩固练习巩固练习学生用书学生用书P7基础训练：第基础训练：第三三题题 重点词块重点词块 要求全面理解和掌握重点词块的释义、用法、搭配；要求全面理解和掌握重点词块的释义、用法、搭配；结合例句猜测词义，结合语境归纳总结。结合例句猜测词义，结合语境归纳总结。find fault with find fault with 找找的茬儿；抱怨；挑剔的茬儿；抱怨；挑剔Heissuchamanwhoisalwaysfindingfaul
33、twithotherpeople.他就是这么一个爱挑剔他人的人。【精讲精讲】【备考指导备考指导】Shewashighlyself-criticalandalsofound fault withherfriends.(2015福建完形)find fault with常在高考阅读和完形中出现。常在高考阅读和完形中出现。set an example set an example 树立榜样树立榜样Helenhassetanexcellentexampletoallofus.海伦为我们大家树立了好榜样。2008 湖南Parentsshouldsetanexamplefortheirchildren.父母
34、应该为孩子树立榜样。【备考指导备考指导】【精讲精讲】Heset a good example to allJapanese.(2012浙江阅读)Shehasset a good example for us.(2010浙江书面表达)(be)accustomed to(doing)sth【教学建议教学建议】该搭配中该搭配中be可用可用become,get,grow等系动词替换；等系动词替换；to是介词，其后是介词，其后接名词或动词接名词或动词-ing；表达表达“习惯于习惯于(做做)某事某事”时口语中更常用时口语中更常用(be)used to(doing)sth。(be)accustomed to
35、(doing)sth 习惯于习惯于(做做)某事某事Myeyesslowlygrewaccustomedtothedark.我的眼睛慢慢适应了黑暗。Thismeansthatafterawhileyourbodybecomesaccustomedtohavingnicotineinit.这意味着过了一段时间以后，你的身体就会习惯香烟里的尼古丁。人教 3【备考指导备考指导】(be)accustomed to(doing)sth 在高考单选、阅读和完形中都有考在高考单选、阅读和完形中都有考查，为完形词汇。查，为完形词汇。ConservativeChineseparentsareneveraccust
36、omed to conveyingdirectlyhowmuchtheyareproudoftheirkids.(2016上海书面表达)Theyfindthemselvesworkingtosupportthelifestyletowhichtheyhavesoquicklybecome accustomed.(2015浙江完形)Wearesoaccustomed toconstantactivitythatwefinditdifficulttositanddonothing.(2010江西阅读)swallow ones pride swallow ones pride 收起自尊；放下架子收起
37、自尊；放下架子Sheoughttoswallowherprideandcallhim.她应该放下架子给他打电话。【精讲精讲】【备考指导备考指导】Iusuallymanagedtoswallow my prideandasksomeoneatthestopforhelp.(2012广东阅读)be optimistic about be optimistic about 对对乐观的乐观的Sheisnotveryoptimisticabouttheoutcomeofthetalks.她对会谈的结果不太乐观。【精讲精讲】【备考指导备考指导】be optimistic about 常在高考阅读和常在高考
38、阅读和写作写作中出现。中出现。AGermanstudysuggeststhatpeoplewhoweretoooptimistic abouttheirfutureactuallyfacedgreaterriskofdisabilityordeathwithin10yearsthanthosepessimists.(2013湖北阅读)IadmireHelenbecauseshe is optimistic aboutlife.(2008湖南书面表达)make fun of make fun of 取笑；拿取笑；拿开玩笑开玩笑Dontfeelsorryforthedisabledormakefu
39、nofthem,anddontignorethemeither.不要觉得残疾人可怜，不要取笑他们，也不要忽视他们。人教 1【精讲精讲】【备考指导备考指导】make fun of 考频很高，主要在高考听力、阅读和完形中考频很高，主要在高考听力、阅读和完形中出现。出现。Theywouldmake fun of you.(2014江西完形)Thechildrennearbydrovehercrazybymaking fun ofher.(2008陕西完形)lose/run out of(ones)patience(with)lose/run out of(ones)patience(with)(对对
40、)失去耐心失去耐心Imbeginningtolosepatiencewithyoupeople.我开始对你们这些人失去耐心了。【精讲精讲】sense of humour sense of humour 幽默感幽默感Shewasveryfriendlyandhadagreatsenseofhumour.她很友好，而且很有幽默感。外研1【精讲精讲】【备考指导备考指导】Lucyhasagreatsense of humourandalwayskeepshercolleaguesamusedwithherstories.(2010上海单选)巩固练习巩固练习学生用书学生用书P7基础训练：第基础训练：第四四题题Part II 综合训练：综合训练：第一题、第二题第一题、第二题