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1、会计学1马克吐温马克吐温 跳蛙跳蛙 英文英文l Samuel Langhorne Clemens(November30,1835April21,1910),betterknownbyhispennameMark Twain,wasanAmericanauthorandhumorist.HewasbornonNovember30,1835whenHalleysCometwasinthesky.ItwasanimportantdateforAmericanliteraryhistory.Mark Twain第1页/共12页lTwaingrewupinHannibal,Missouri.Whenhe
2、wastwelveyearsold,hisfatherdied,hehadtoquitschool,andhismotherapprenticedhimtoaprinter.Later,heworkedforhisbrother,Orion,whoownedtheJournal,aHannibalnewspaper.Thiswasaturningpointinhislife.Hehadtheopportunitytoreadthenewspapersthatcametotheofficefromalloverthecountry,andhewrotesomeparagraphsfortheHa
3、nnibalpaper.lAftertoilingasaprinterinvariouscities,hebecameamasterriverboatpilotontheMississippiRiver,beforeheadingwesttojoinOrion.Hewasafailureatgoldmining,sohenextturnedtojournalism.Whileareporter,hewroteahumorousstory,The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County,whichbecameverypopularandbrough
4、tnationwideattention.Histravelogueswerealsowell-received.第2页/共12页Heachievedgreatsuccessasawriterandpublicspeaker.Notable worklAdventures of Huckleberry Finn,1884(Great American Novel)lThe Adventures of Tom Sawyer,1876lTheDandyFrighteningtheSquatterBornduringavisitbyHalleysCometanddiedonitsreturn.Apr
5、il21,1910(aged74)Redding,Connecticut,U.S.HewaslaudedasthegreatestAmericanhumoristofhisage,andWilliamFaulknercalledTwainthefatherofAmericanliterature”.lThe Innocents Abroad,1869lCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCounty,1865(hisfirst humorousstory)lTheGildedAge,1873lLifeontheMississippi,1883lTheManThatC
6、orruptedHadleyburg,1900第3页/共12页Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras CountylTheshort-storycollectionThe Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County,and Other Sketches,Twainsfirstbook,containstwenty-sevenshortstoriesandsketches.1.TheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCounty“2.AureliasUnfortunateYoungMan“
7、3.AComplaintaboutCorrespondents,DatedinSanFrancisco“4.AnswerstoCorrespondents“5.AmongtheFenians6.TheStoryoftheBadLittleBoyWhoDidntCometoGrief“7.CuringaCold“8.AnInquiryaboutInsurances“9.LiteratureintheDryDiggings“10.AfterJenkins“11.LucretiaSmithsSoldier第4页/共12页12.TheKillingofJuliusCaesarLocalized“13.
8、AnItemwhichtheEditorHimselfcouldnotUnderstand“14.AmongtheSpirits“15.BriefBiographicalSketchofGeorgeWashington“16.ATouchingStoryofGeorgeWashingtonsBoyhood“17.APagefromaCalifornianAlmanac“18.InformationfortheMillion“19.TheLaunchoftheSteamerCapital“20.OriginofIllustriousMen“21.AdviceforGoodLittleGirls“
9、22.ConcerningChambermaids“23.RemarkableInstancesofPresenceofMind“24.HonoredasaCuriosityinHonolulu“25.TheSteedOahu“26.AStrangeDream“27.ShortandSingularRations”第5页/共12页I.storymy friendI(first-person narrator)Simon wheelerLeonidas W.SmileyJim SmileyThesettingofthestoryisAngelsCamp,aminingtowninthewest,
10、stillexistingtoday.第6页/共12页Jim SmileySlow Mare Small Bull-pup(Andrew Jackson)Frog(Daniel Webster)(educated)(new uneducated)quail shot第7页/共12页II.Humors&Criticisma)The narrator is looking for a person called Leonidas W.Smiley,He has been told that he might ask Simon Wheeler,while Wheeler starts his di
11、scourse about a man called Jim Smiley andwithamonotonousvoice,lackinganyenthusiasmbutwithanearnestnessandsincerity”totellafunnystory.b)Thenameofthesmallbull-pupisAndrewJackson,andAndrewJacksonisthe7thPresidentoftheUnitedStates,whowasthefirstWesternertobecomepresidentandwhoadvocatedtherighttovotefore
12、veryStateoftheWestin1830.Heisagambler,awildman,whohadwhoresandspendmuchtimeinsaloons.HewasthecauseforascandalbyenteringtheWhiteHouseonthebackofhishorse.Hewanteddemocracyofthecommonpeopleandhereachedhisaim.第8页/共12页c)ThefrogsnameisDaniel Webster.ThismightremindthereaderofDanielWebster,asenatorwhohadgr
13、eatresponsibilityfortheslaverylaw.IntheJumpingFrogacommon,uneducatedfrogwinsagainstaneducatedfrogandhastheconclusionthatanordinaryfrogisequaltotheeducatedfrogwithagreatname.ThesenatorWebsterwaseducatedaswellandstillthetimeoftheslaveryisgone,justastheWesternstatesalwayswantedto.Theyfoughtfortherights
14、tobeaStateofAmericaalthoughtheywerenotwillingtohaveslaveryontheirgrounds.BackthenthelawwastohaveoneStatewithandthenextonewithoutslavery,alwaysoneaftertheother.WhentheWestwasapplyingitwastheturnofaslaveryStateandalthoughitwasnonetheywerepermitted.Theconclusionisthatpeopleareequalandthewinnerisnotalwa
15、ysthecivilizedandeducatedone.第9页/共12页III.ThemeThethemeofTheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCountycentersonthecontrastbetweenthenarratorandSimonWheeler.Twainsatirizes,notjustoldminersandwesternhicks,buttheeliteeducatedeasternerswhocomeoutwestandfindtheirtraininguseless.Thecontrastbetweenthestorysmain
16、charactersshowsthattheeducatednarratorlookslikemoreofafoolthanevenJimSmileyandhisweigheddownfrog.AndfromtheNortheastthatendsuptalkingtoaslack-jawed,westerncountryguyandalltheNortheasternguycanthinkaboutishowmuchhewantstogetawayfromhim.ItsaclashofamericanEastandWestandTwaindepictsitallsovividly.HealsothrowsinalotofreferencesandcommentaryonfamousamericanpoliticalfiguresandtheliketohelptieinthethemeofAmerica.第10页/共12页第11页/共12页